Provided by: tshark_4.2.6-1_amd64 
NAME
tshark - Dump and analyze network traffic
SYNOPSIS
tshark [ -i <capture interface>|- ] [ -f <capture filter> ] [ -2 ] [ -r <infile> ]
[ -w <outfile>|- ] [ options ] [ <filter> ]
tshark -G [ <report type> ] [ --elastic-mapping-filter <protocols> ]
tshark -h|--help
tshark -v|--version
DESCRIPTION
TShark is a network protocol analyzer. It lets you capture packet data from a live
network, or read packets from a previously saved capture file, either printing a decoded
form of those packets to the standard output or writing the packets to a file. TShark's
native capture file format is pcapng format, which is also the format used by Wireshark
and various other tools.
Without any options set, TShark will work much like tcpdump. It will use the pcap library
to capture traffic from the first available network interface and displays a summary line
on the standard output for each received packet.
When run with the -r option, specifying a capture file from which to read, TShark will
again work much like tcpdump, reading packets from the file and displaying a summary line
on the standard output for each packet read. TShark is able to detect, read and write the
same capture files that are supported by Wireshark. The input file doesn’t need a specific
filename extension; the file format and an optional gzip, zstd or lz4 compression will be
automatically detected. Near the beginning of the DESCRIPTION section of wireshark(1) or
https://www.wireshark.org/docs/man-pages/wireshark.html is a detailed description of the
way Wireshark handles this, which is the same way TShark handles this.
Compressed file support uses (and therefore requires) the zlib library. If the zlib
library is not present when compiling TShark, it will be possible to compile it, but the
resulting program will be unable to read compressed files.
When displaying packets on the standard output, TShark writes, by default, a summary line
containing the fields specified by the preferences file (which are also the fields
displayed in the packet list pane in Wireshark), although if it’s writing packets as it
captures them, rather than writing packets from a saved capture file, it won’t show the
"frame number" field. If the -V option is specified, it instead writes a view of the
details of the packet, showing all the fields of all protocols in the packet. If the -O
option is specified, it will only show the full details for the protocols specified, and
show only the top-level detail line for all other protocols. Use the output of "tshark -G
protocols" to find the abbreviations of the protocols you can specify. If the -P option is
specified with either the -V or -O options, both the summary line for the entire packet
and the details will be displayed.
Packet capturing is performed with the pcap library. That library supports specifying a
filter expression; packets that don’t match that filter are discarded. The -f option is
used to specify a capture filter. The syntax of a capture filter is defined by the pcap
library; this syntax is different from the display filter syntax described below, and the
filtering mechanism is limited in its abilities.
Display filters in TShark, which allow you to select which packets are to be decoded or
written to a file, are very powerful; more fields are filterable in TShark than in other
protocol analyzers, and the syntax you can use to create your filters is richer. As TShark
progresses, expect more and more protocol fields to be allowed in display filters. Display
filters use the same syntax as display and color filters in Wireshark; a display filter is
specified with the -Y option.
Display filters can be specified when capturing or when reading from a capture file. Note
that capture filters are much more efficient than display filters, and it may be more
difficult for TShark to keep up with a busy network if a display filter is specified for a
live capture, so you might be more likely to lose packets if you’re using a display
filter.
A capture or display filter can either be specified with the -f or -Y option,
respectively, in which case the entire filter expression must be specified as a single
argument (which means that if it contains spaces, it must be quoted), or can be specified
with command-line arguments after the option arguments, in which case all the arguments
after the filter arguments are treated as a filter expression. If the filter is specified
with command-line arguments after the option arguments, it’s a capture filter if a capture
is being done (i.e., if no -r option was specified) and a display filter if a capture file
is being read (i.e., if a -r option was specified).
If the -w option is specified when capturing packets or reading from a capture file,
TShark does not display packets on the standard output. Instead, it writes the packets to
a capture file with the name specified by the -w option. Note that display filters are
currently not supported when capturing and saving the captured packets.
If you want to write the decoded form of packets to a file, run TShark without the -w
option, and redirect its standard output to the file (do not use the -w option).
If you want the packets to be displayed to the standard output and also saved to a file,
specify the -P option in addition to the -w option to have the summary line displayed,
specify the -V option in addition to the -w option to have the details of the packet
displayed, and specify the -O option, with a list of protocols, to have the full details
of the specified protocols and the top-level detail line for all other protocols to be
displayed. If the -P option is used together with the -V or -O option, the summary line
will be displayed along with the detail lines.
When writing packets to a file, TShark, by default, writes the file in pcapng format, and
writes all of the packets it sees to the output file. The -F option can be used to specify
the format in which to write the file. This list of available file formats is displayed by
the -F option without a value. However, you can’t specify a file format for a live
capture.
When capturing packets, TShark writes to the standard error an initial line listing the
interfaces from which packets are being captured and, if packet information isn’t being
displayed to the terminal, writes a continuous count of packets captured to the standard
output. If the -q option is specified, neither the continuous count nor the packet
information will be displayed; instead, at the end of the capture, a count of packets
captured will be displayed. If the -Q option is specified, neither the initial line, nor
the packet information, nor any packet counts will be displayed. If the -q or -Q option is
used, the -P, -V, or -O option can be used to cause the corresponding output to be
displayed even though other output is suppressed.
When reading packets, the -q and -Q option will suppress the display of the packet summary
or details; this would be used if -z options are specified in order to display statistics,
so that only the statistics, not the packet information, is displayed.
The -G option is a special mode that simply causes TShark to dump one of several types of
internal glossaries and then exit.
OPTIONS
-2
Perform a two-pass analysis. This causes TShark to buffer output until the entire
first pass is done, but allows it to fill in fields that require future knowledge,
such as 'response in frame #' fields. Also permits reassembly frame dependencies to be
calculated correctly.
-a|--autostop <capture autostop condition>
Specify a criterion that specifies when TShark is to stop writing to a capture file.
The criterion is of the form test:value, where test is one of:
duration:value Stop writing to a capture file after value seconds have elapsed.
Floating point values (e.g. 0.5) are allowed.
files:value Stop writing to capture files after value number of files were written.
filesize:value Stop writing to a capture file after it reaches a size of value kB. If
this option is used together with the -b option, TShark will stop writing to the
current capture file and switch to the next one if filesize is reached. When reading a
capture file, TShark will stop reading the file after the number of bytes read exceeds
this number (the complete packet will be read, so more bytes than this number may be
read). Note that the filesize is limited to a maximum value of 2 GiB.
packets:value switch to the next file after it contains value packets. This does not
include any packets that do not pass the display filter, so it may differ from
-c<capture packet count>.
-A <user>:<password>
Specify a user and a password when TShark captures from a rpcap:// interface where
authentication is required.
This option is available with libpcap with enabled remote support.
-b|--ring-buffer <capture ring buffer option>
Cause TShark to run in "multiple files" mode. In "multiple files" mode, TShark will
write to several capture files. When the first capture file fills up, TShark will
switch writing to the next file and so on.
The created filenames are based on the filename given with the -w option, the number
of the file and on the creation date and time, e.g. outfile_00001_20240714120117.pcap,
outfile_00002_20240714120523.pcap, ...
With the files option it’s also possible to form a "ring buffer". This will fill up
new files until the number of files specified, at which point TShark will discard the
data in the first file and start writing to that file and so on. If the files option
is not set, new files filled up until one of the capture stop conditions match (or
until the disk is full).
The criterion is of the form key:value, where key is one of:
duration:value switch to the next file after value seconds have elapsed, even if the
current file is not completely filled up. Floating point values (e.g. 0.5) are
allowed.
files:value begin again with the first file after value number of files were written
(form a ring buffer). This value must be less than 100000. Caution should be used when
using large numbers of files: some filesystems do not handle many files in a single
directory well. The files criterion requires either duration, interval or filesize to
be specified to control when to go to the next file. It should be noted that each -b
parameter takes exactly one criterion; to specify two criterion, each must be preceded
by the -b option.
filesize:value switch to the next file after it reaches a size of value kB. Note that
the filesize is limited to a maximum value of 2 GiB.
interval:value switch to the next file when the time is an exact multiple of value
seconds. For example, use 3600 to switch to a new file every hour on the hour.
packets:value switch to the next file after it contains value packets.
nametimenum:value Choose between two save filename templates. If value is 1, make
running file number part before start time part; this is the original and default
behaviour (e.g. log_00001_20240714164426.pcap). If value is greater than 1, make start
time part before running number part (e.g. log_20210828164426_00001.pcap). The latter
makes alphabetical sorting order equal to creation time order, and keeps related
multiple file sets in same directory close to each other.
Example: tshark -b filesize:1000 -b files:5 results in a ring buffer of five files of
size one megabyte each.
-B|--buffer-size <capture buffer size>
Set capture buffer size (in MiB, default is 2 MiB). This is used by the capture driver
to buffer packet data until that data can be written to disk. If you encounter packet
drops while capturing, try to increase this size. Note that, while TShark attempts to
set the buffer size to 2 MiB by default, and can be told to set it to a larger value,
the system or interface on which you’re capturing might silently limit the capture
buffer size to a lower value or raise it to a higher value.
This is available on UNIX-compatible systems, such as Linux, macOS, \*BSD, Solaris,
and AIX, with libpcap 1.0.0 or later, and on Windows. It is not available on
UNIX-compatible systems with earlier versions of libpcap.
This option can occur multiple times. If used before the first occurrence of the -i
option, it sets the default capture buffer size. If used after an -i option, it sets
the capture buffer size for the interface specified by the last -i option occurring
before this option. If the capture buffer size is not set specifically, the default
capture buffer size is used instead.
-c <capture packet count>
Set the maximum number of packets to read when capturing live data. If reading a
capture file, set the maximum number of packets to read. This includes any packets
that do not pass the display filter, so it may differ from -a packets:<capture packet
count>.
-C <configuration profile>
Run with the given configuration profile.
-D|--list-interfaces
Print a list of the interfaces on which TShark can capture, and exit. For each network
interface, a number and an interface name, possibly followed by a text description of
the interface, is printed. The interface name or the number can be supplied to the -i
flag to specify an interface on which to capture. The number can be useful on Windows
systems, where the interfaces have long names that usually contain a GUID.
-e <field>
Add a field to the list of fields to display if -T ek|fields|json|pdml is selected.
This option can be used multiple times on the command line. At least one field must be
provided if the -T fields option is selected. Column types may be used prefixed with
"_ws.col."
Example: tshark -e frame.number -e ip.addr -e udp -e _ws.col.info
Fields are separated by tab characters by default. -E controls the format of the
printed fields. Giving a protocol rather than a single field will print the protocol
summary (subtree label) from the packet details as a single field. If the protocol
summary contains only the protocol name (e.g. "Hypertext Transfer Protocol") then the
protocol filter name ("http") will be printed.
-E <field print option>
Set an option controlling the printing of fields when -T fields is selected.
Options are:
bom=y|n If y, prepend output with the UTF-8 byte order mark (hexadecimal ef, bb, bf).
Defaults to n.
header=y|n If y, print a list of the field names given using -e as the first line of
the output; the field name will be separated using the same character as the field
values. Defaults to n.
separator=/t|/s|<character> Set the separator character to use for fields. If /t tab
will be used (this is the default), if /s, a single space will be used. Otherwise any
character that can be accepted by the command line as part of the option may be used.
occurrence=f|l|a Select which occurrence to use for fields that have multiple
occurrences. If f the first occurrence will be used, if l the last occurrence will be
used and if a all occurrences will be used (this is the default).
aggregator=,|/s|<character> Set the aggregator character to use for fields that have
multiple occurrences. If , a comma will be used (this is the default), if /s, a single
space will be used. Otherwise any character that can be accepted by the command line
as part of the option may be used.
quote=d|s|n Set the quote character to use to surround fields. d uses double-quotes, s
single-quotes, n no quotes (the default).
escape=y|n If y, the whitespace control characters (tab, line feed, carriage return,
form feed, and vertical tab) and backspace will be replaced in field values by C-style
escapes, e.g. "\n" for line feed. If n, field value strings will be printed as-is.
Defaults to y.
-f <capture filter>
Set the capture filter expression.
This option can occur multiple times. If used before the first occurrence of the -i
option, it sets the default capture filter expression. If used after an -i option, it
sets the capture filter expression for the interface specified by the last -i option
occurring before this option. If the capture filter expression is not set
specifically, the default capture filter expression is used if provided.
Pre-defined capture filter names, as shown in the GUI menu item Capture→Capture
Filters, can be used by prefixing the argument with "predef:". Example: tshark -f
"predef:MyPredefinedHostOnlyFilter"
-F <file format>
Set the file format of the output capture file written using the -w option. The output
written with the -w option is raw packet data, not text, so there is no -F option to
request text output. The option -F without a value will list the available formats.
-g
This option causes the output file(s) to be created with group-read permission
(meaning that the output file(s) can be read by other members of the calling user’s
group).
-G [ <report type> ]
The -G option will cause TShark to dump one of several types of glossaries and then
exit. If no specific glossary type is specified, then the fields report will be
generated by default. Using the report type of help lists all the current report
types.
The available report types include:
column-formats Dumps the column formats understood by TShark. There is one record per
line. The fields are tab-delimited.
Field 1
format string (e.g. "%rD")
Field 2
text description of format string (e.g. "Dest port (resolved)")
currentprefs Dumps a copy of the current preferences file to stdout.
decodes Dumps the "layer type"/"decode as" associations to stdout. There is one record
per line. The fields are tab-delimited.
Field 1
layer type, e.g. "tcp.port"
Field 2
selector in decimal
Field 3
"decode as" name, e.g. "http"
defaultprefs Dumps a default preferences file to stdout.
dissectors Dumps a list of registered dissectors to stdout. There is one record per
line. The fields are tab-delimited.
Field 1
dissector name
Field 2
dissector description
dissector-tables Dumps a list of dissector tables to stdout. There is one record per
line. The fields are tab-delimited.
Field 1
dissector table name, e.g. "tcp.port"
Field 2
name used for the dissector table in the GUI
Field 3
type (textual representation of the ftenum type)
Field 4
base for display (for integer types)
Field 5
protocol name
Field 6
"decode as" support
elastic-mapping Dumps the ElasticSearch mapping file to stdout. Fields falling in the
default case (string) won’t be mapped.
enterprises Dumps the IANA Private Enterprise Number (PEN) table.
fieldcount Dumps the number of header fields to stdout.
fields Dumps the contents of the registration database to stdout. An independent
program can take this output and format it into nice tables or HTML or whatever. There
is one record per line. Each record is either a protocol or a header field,
differentiated by the first field. The fields are tab-delimited.
Protocols
Field 1
'P'
Field 2
descriptive protocol name
Field 3
protocol abbreviation
Header Fields
Field 1
'F'
Field 2
descriptive field name
Field 3
field abbreviation
Field 4
type (textual representation of the ftenum type)
Field 5
parent protocol abbreviation
Field 6
base for display (for integer types); "parent bitfield width" for FT_BOOLEAN
Field 7
bitmask: format: hex: 0x....
Field 8
blurb describing field
An optional search prefix argument can be given to fields, in which case the output is
limited to protocols and fields whose abbreviation starts with the search prefix.
Search Output
Field 1
protocol or field abbreviation
Field 2
descriptive protocol or field name
folders Dumps various folders used by TShark. This is essentially the same data
reported in Wireshark’s About | Folders tab. There is one record per line. The fields
are tab-delimited.
Field 1
Folder type (e.g "Personal configuration:")
Field 2
Folder location (e.g. "/home/vagrant/.config/wireshark/")
ftypes Dumps the "ftypes" (fundamental types) understood by TShark. There is one
record per line. The fields are tab-delimited.
Field 1
FTYPE (e.g "FT_IPv6")
Field 2
text description of type (e.g. "IPv6 address")
heuristic-decodes Dumps the heuristic decodes currently installed. There is one record
per line. The fields are tab-delimited.
Field 1
underlying dissector (e.g. "tcp")
Field 2
name of heuristic decoder (e.g. "ucp")
Field 3
heuristic enabled (e.g. "T" or "F")
Field 4
heuristic enabled by default (e.g. "T" or "F")
Field 5
heuristic short name (e.g. "ucp_tcp")
Field 6
heuristic display name (e.g. "UCP over TCP")
help Displays the available report types.
manuf Dumps the MAC address lookup table in manuf format.
plugins Dumps the plugins currently installed. There is one record per line. The
fields are tab-delimited.
Field 1
plugin library/Lua script/extcap executable (e.g. "gryphon.so")
Field 2
plugin version (e.g. 0.0.4)
Field 3
plugin type ("dissector", "tap", "file type", etc.)
Field 4
full path to plugin file
protocols Dumps the protocols in the registration database to stdout. An independent
program can take this output and format it into nice tables or HTML or whatever. There
is one record per line. The fields are tab-delimited.
Field 1
protocol name
Field 2
protocol short name
Field 3
protocol filter name
Field 4
protocol enabled (e.g. "T" or "F")
Field 5
protocol enabled by default (e.g. "T" or "F")
Field 6
protocol can toggle (e.g. "T" or "F")
services Dumps the TCP, UDP, and SCTP transport service (port) table.
values Dumps the value_strings, range_strings or true/false strings for fields that
have them. There is one record per line. Fields are tab-delimited. There are three
types of records: Value String, Range String and True/False String. The first field,
'V', 'R' or 'T', indicates the type of record.
Value Strings
Field 1
'V'
Field 2
field abbreviation to which this value string corresponds
Field 3
Integer value
Field 4
String
Range Strings
Field 1
'R'
Field 2
field abbreviation to which this range string corresponds
Field 3
Integer value: lower bound
Field 4
Integer value: upper bound
Field 5
String
True/False Strings
Field 1
'T'
Field 2
field abbreviation to which this true/false string corresponds
Field 3
True String
Field 4
False String
-h|--help
Print the version number and options and exit.
-H <input hosts file>
Read a list of entries from a "hosts" file, which will then be written to a capture
file. Implies -W n. Can be called multiple times.
The "hosts" file format is documented at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hosts_(file).
-i|--interface <capture interface> | -
Set the name of the network interface or pipe to use for live packet capture.
Network interface names should match one of the names listed in "tshark -D" (described
above); a number, as reported by "tshark -D", can also be used.
If no interface is specified, TShark searches the list of interfaces, choosing the
first non-loopback interface if there are any non-loopback interfaces, and choosing
the first loopback interface if there are no non-loopback interfaces. If there are no
interfaces at all, TShark reports an error and doesn’t start the capture.
Pipe names should be either the name of a FIFO (named pipe) or "-" to read data from
the standard input. On Windows systems, pipe names must be of the form
"\\.\pipe\pipename". Data read from pipes must be in standard pcapng or pcap format.
Pcapng data must have the same endianness as the capturing host.
"TCP@<host>:<port>" causes TShark to attempt to connect to the specified port on the
specified host and read pcapng or pcap data.
This option can occur multiple times. When capturing from multiple interfaces, the
capture file will be saved in pcapng format.
-I|--monitor-mode
Put the interface in "monitor mode"; this is supported only on IEEE 802.11 Wi-Fi
interfaces, and supported only on some operating systems.
Note that in monitor mode the adapter might disassociate from the network with which
it’s associated, so that you will not be able to use any wireless networks with that
adapter. This could prevent accessing files on a network server, or resolving host
names or network addresses, if you are capturing in monitor mode and are not connected
to another network with another adapter.
This option can occur multiple times. If used before the first occurrence of the -i
option, it enables the monitor mode for all interfaces. If used after an -i option, it
enables the monitor mode for the interface specified by the last -i option occurring
before this option.
-j <protocol match filter>
Protocol match filter used for ek|json|jsonraw|pdml output file types. Only the
protocol’s parent node is included. Child nodes are only included if explicitly
specified in the filter.
Example: tshark -j "ip ip.flags http"
-J <protocol match filter>
Protocol top level filter used for ek|json|jsonraw|pdml output file types. The
protocol’s parent node and all child nodes are included. Lower-level protocols must be
explicitly specified in the filter.
Example: tshark -J "tcp http"
-l
Flush the standard output after the information for each packet is printed. (This is
not, strictly speaking, line-buffered if -V was specified; however, it is the same as
line-buffered if -V wasn’t specified, as only one line is printed for each packet,
and, as -l is normally used when piping a live capture to a program or script, so that
output for a packet shows up as soon as the packet is seen and dissected, it should
work just as well as true line-buffering. We do this as a workaround for a deficiency
in the Microsoft Visual C++ C library.)
This may be useful when piping the output of TShark to another program, as it means
that the program to which the output is piped will see the dissected data for a packet
as soon as TShark sees the packet and generates that output, rather than seeing it
only when the standard output buffer containing that data fills up.
-L|--list-data-link-types
List the data link types supported by the interface and exit. The reported link types
can be used for the -y option.
-o <preference>:<value>
Set a preference value, overriding the default value and any value read from a
preference file. The argument to the option is a string of the form prefname:value,
where prefname is the name of the preference (which is the same name that would appear
in the preference file), and value is the value to which it should be set.
-O <protocols>
Similar to the -V option, but causes TShark to only show a detailed view of the
comma-separated list of protocols specified, and show only the top-level detail line
for all other protocols, rather than a detailed view of all protocols. Use the output
of "tshark -G protocols" to find the abbreviations of the protocols you can specify.
-p|--no-promiscuous-mode
Don’t put the interface into promiscuous mode. Note that the interface might be in
promiscuous mode for some other reason; hence, -p cannot be used to ensure that the
only traffic that is captured is traffic sent to or from the machine on which TShark
is running, broadcast traffic, and multicast traffic to addresses received by that
machine.
This option can occur multiple times. If used before the first occurrence of the -i
option, no interface will be put into the promiscuous mode. If used after an -i
option, the interface specified by the last -i option occurring before this option
will not be put into the promiscuous mode.
-P|--print
Decode and display the packet summary or details, even if writing raw packet data
using the -w option, and even if packet output is otherwise suppressed with -Q.
-q
When capturing packets, don’t display the continuous count of packets captured that is
normally shown when saving a capture to a file; instead, just display, at the end of
the capture, a count of packets captured. On systems that support the SIGINFO signal,
such as various BSDs, you can cause the current count to be displayed by typing your
"status" character (typically control-T, although it might be set to "disabled" by
default on at least some BSDs, so you’d have to explicitly set it to use it).
When reading a capture file, or when capturing and not saving to a file, don’t print
packet information; this is useful if you’re using a -z option to calculate statistics
and don’t want the packet information printed, just the statistics.
-Q
When capturing packets, don’t display, on the standard error, the initial message
indicating on which interfaces the capture is being done, the continuous count of
packets captured shown when saving a capture to a file, and the final message giving
the count of packets captured. Only true errors are displayed on the standard error.
This outputs less than the -q option, so the interface name and total packet count and
the end of a capture are not sent to stderr.
When reading a capture file, or when capturing and not saving to a file, don’t print
packet information; this is useful if you’re using a -z option to calculate statistics
and don’t want the packet information printed, just the statistics.
-r|--read-file <infile>
Read packet data from infile, can be any supported capture file format (including
gzipped files). It is possible to use named pipes or stdin (-) here but only with
certain (not compressed) capture file formats (in particular: those that can be read
without seeking backwards).
-R|--read-filter <Read filter>
Cause the specified filter (which uses the syntax of read/display filters, rather than
that of capture filters) to be applied during the first pass of analysis. Packets not
matching the filter are not considered for future passes. Only makes sense with
multiple passes, see -2. For regular filtering on single-pass dissect see -Y instead.
Note that forward-looking fields such as 'response in frame #' cannot be used with
this filter, since they will not have been calculated when this filter is applied.
-s|--snapshot-length <capture snaplen>
Set the default snapshot length to use when capturing live data. No more than snaplen
bytes of each network packet will be read into memory, or saved to disk. A value of 0
specifies a snapshot length of 262144, so that the full packet is captured; this is
the default.
This option can occur multiple times. If used before the first occurrence of the -i
option, it sets the default snapshot length. If used after an -i option, it sets the
snapshot length for the interface specified by the last -i option occurring before
this option. If the snapshot length is not set specifically, the default snapshot
length is used if provided.
-S <separator>
Set the line separator to be printed between packets.
-T ek|fields|json|jsonraw|pdml|ps|psml|tabs|text
Set the format of the output when viewing decoded packet data. The options are one of:
ek Newline delimited JSON format for bulk import into Elasticsearch. It can be used
with -j or -J to specify which protocols to include or with -x to include raw
hex-encoded packet data. If -P is specified it will print the packet summary only,
with both -P and -V it will print the packet summary and packet details. If neither -P
or -V are used it will print the packet details only. Example of usage to import data
into Elasticsearch:
tshark -T ek -j "http tcp ip" -P -V -x -r file.pcap > file.json
curl -H "Content-Type: application/x-ndjson" -XPOST http://elasticsearch:9200/_bulk --data-binary "@file.json"
Elastic requires a mapping file to be loaded as template for packets-* index in order
to convert Wireshark types to elastic types. This file can be auto-generated with the
command "tshark -G elastic-mapping". Since the mapping file can be huge, protocols can
be selected by using the option --elastic-mapping-filter:
tshark -G elastic-mapping --elastic-mapping-filter ip,udp,dns
fields The values of fields specified with the -e option, in a form specified by the
-E option. For example,
tshark -T fields -E separator=, -E quote=d
would generate comma-separated values (CSV) output suitable for importing into your
favorite spreadsheet program.
json JSON file format. It can be used with -j or -J to specify which protocols to
include or with -x option to include raw hex-encoded packet data. Example of usage:
tshark -T json -r file.pcap
tshark -T json -j "http tcp ip" -x -r file.pcap
jsonraw JSON file format including only raw hex-encoded packet data. It can be used
with -j or -J to specify which protocols to include. Example of usage:
tshark -T jsonraw -r file.pcap
tshark -T jsonraw -j "http tcp ip" -x -r file.pcap
pdml Packet Details Markup Language, an XML-based format for the details of a decoded
packet. This information is equivalent to the packet details printed with the -V
option. Using the --color option will add color attributes to pdml output. These
attributes are nonstandard.
ps PostScript for a human-readable one-line summary of each of the packets, or a
multi-line view of the details of each of the packets, depending on whether the -V
option was specified.
psml Packet Summary Markup Language, an XML-based format for the summary information
of a decoded packet. This information is equivalent to the information shown in the
one-line summary printed by default. Using the --color option will add color
attributes to pdml output. These attributes are nonstandard.
tabs Similar to the default text report except the human-readable one-line summary of
each packet will include an ASCII horizontal tab (0x09) character as a delimiter
between each column.
text Text of a human-readable one-line summary of each of the packets, or a multi-line
view of the details of each of the packets, depending on whether the -V option was
specified. This is the default.
--temp-dir <directory>
Specifies the directory into which temporary files (including capture files) are to be
written. The default behavior on UNIX-compatible systems, such as Linux, macOS, \*BSD,
Solaris, and AIX, is to use the environment variable $TMPDIR if set, and the system
default, typically /tmp, if it is not. On Windows, the %TEMP% environment variable is
used, which typically defaults to %USERPROFILE%\AppData\Local\Temp.
-U <tap name>
PDUs export, exports PDUs from infile to outfile according to the tap name given. Use
-Y to filter.
Enter an empty tap name "" or a tap name of ? to get a list of available names.
-v|--version
Print the full version information and exit.
-V
Cause TShark to print a view of the packet details.
-w <outfile> | -
Write raw packet data to outfile or to the standard output if outfile is '-'.
Note
-w provides raw packet data, not text. If you want text output you need to
redirect stdout (e.g. using '>'), don’t use the -w option for this.
-W <file format option>
Save extra information in the file if the format supports it. For example,
tshark -F pcapng -W n
will save host name resolution records along with captured packets.
Future versions of TShark may automatically change the capture format to pcapng as
needed.
The argument is a string that may contain the following letter:
n write network address resolution information (pcapng only)
-x
Cause TShark to print a hex and ASCII dump of the packet data after printing the
summary and/or details, if either are also being displayed.
--hexdump <hexoption>
Cause TShark to print a hex and ASCII dump of the packet data with the ability to
select which data sources to dump and how to format or exclude the ASCII dump text.
This option can be used multiple times where the data source <hexoption> is all or
frames and the ASCII dump text <hexoption> is ascii, delimit, noascii.
Example: tshark ... --hexdump frames --hexdump delimit ...
all
Enable hexdump, generate hexdump blocks for all data sources associated with each
frame. Used to negate earlier use of --hexdump frames. The -x option displays all
data sources by default.
frames
Enable hexdump, generate hexdump blocks only for the frame data. Use this option
to exclude, from hexdump output, any hexdump blocks for secondary data sources
such as 'Bitstring tvb', 'Reassembled TCP', 'De-chunked entity body', etc.
ascii
Enable hexdump, with undelimited ASCII dump text. Used to negate earlier use of
--hexdump delimit or --hexdump noascii. The -x option displays undelimited ASCII
dump text by default.
delimit
Enable hexdump with the ASCII dump text delimited with '|' characters. This is
useful to unambiguously determine the last of the hex byte text and start of the
ASCII dump text.
noascii
Enable hexdump without printing any ASCII dump text.
help
Display --hexdump specific help then exit.
The use of --hexdump <hexoption> is particularly useful to generate output that can be
used to create a pcap or pcapng file from a capture file type such as Microsoft NetMon
2.x which TShark and Wireshark can read but can not directly do a "Save as" nor export
packets from.
Examples:
Generate hexdump output, with only the frame data source, with delimited ASCII dump
text, with each frame hex block preceded by a human readable timestamp that is
directly usable by the text2pcap utility:
tshark ... --hexdump frames --hexdump delimit \
-P -t ad -o gui.column.format:"Time","%t" \
| text2pcap -n -t '%F %T.%f' - MYNEWPCAPNG
Generate hexdump output, with only the frame data source, with no ASCII dump text,
with each frame hex block preceded by an epoch timestamp that is directly usable by
the text2pcap utility:
tshark ... --hexdump frames --hexdump noascii \
-P -t e -o gui.column.format:"Time","%t" \
| text2pcap -n -t %s.%f - MYNEWPCAPNG
-X <eXtension options>
Specify an option to be passed to a TShark module. The eXtension option is in the form
extension_key:value, where extension_key can be:
lua_script:lua_script_filename tells TShark to load the given script in addition to
the default Lua scripts.
lua_scriptnum:argument tells TShark to pass the given argument to the lua script
identified by 'num', which is the number indexed order of the 'lua_script' command.
For example, if only one script was loaded with '-X lua_script:my.lua', then '-X
lua_script1:foo' will pass the string 'foo' to the 'my.lua' script. If two scripts
were loaded, such as '-X lua_script:my.lua' and '-X lua_script:other.lua' in that
order, then a '-X lua_script2:bar' would pass the string 'bar' to the second lua
script, namely 'other.lua'.
read_format:file_format tells TShark to use the given file format to read in the file
(the file given in the -r command option). Providing no file_format argument, or an
invalid one, will produce a list of available file formats to use. For example,
tshark -r rtcp_broken.pcapng -X read_format:"MIME Files Format" -V
will display the internal file structure and allow access to the file-pcapng fields.
-y|--linktype <capture link type>
Set the data link type to use while capturing packets. The values reported by -L are
the values that can be used.
This option can occur multiple times. If used before the first occurrence of the -i
option, it sets the default capture link type. If used after an -i option, it sets the
capture link type for the interface specified by the last -i option occurring before
this option. If the capture link type is not set specifically, the default capture
link type is used if provided.
-Y|--display-filter <displaY filter>
Cause the specified filter (which uses the syntax of read/display filters, rather than
that of capture filters) to be applied before printing a decoded form of packets or
writing packets to a file. Packets matching the filter are printed or written to file;
packets that the matching packets depend upon (e.g., fragments), are not printed but
are written to file; packets not matching the filter nor depended upon are discarded
rather than being printed or written.
Use this instead of -R for filtering using single-pass analysis. If doing two-pass
analysis (see -2) then only packets matching the read filter (if there is one) will be
checked against this filter.
-M <auto session reset>
Automatically reset internal session when reached to specified number of packets. For
example,
tshark -M 100000
will reset session every 100000 packets.
This feature does not support -2 two-pass analysis
-z <statistics>
Get TShark to collect various types of statistics and display the result after
finishing reading the capture file. Use the -q option if you’re reading a capture file
and only want the statistics printed, not any per-packet information.
Statistics are calculated independently of the normal per-packet output, unaffected by
the main display filter. However, most have their own optional filter parameter, and
only packets that match that filter (and any capture filter or read filter) will be
used in the calculations.
Note that the -z proto option is different - it doesn’t cause statistics to be
gathered and printed when the capture is complete, it modifies the regular packet
summary output to include the values of fields specified with the option. Therefore
you must not use the -q option, as that option would suppress the printing of the
regular packet summary output, and must also not use the -V option, as that would
cause packet detail information rather than packet summary information to be printed.
Some of the currently implemented statistics are:
-z help
Display all possible values for -z.
-z afp,srt[,filter]
Show Apple Filing Protocol service response time statistics.
-z ancp,tree[,filter]
Calculate statistics on Access Node Control Protocol message types and adjacency
packet codes.
-z ansi_a,bsmap[,filter]
Count the number of ANSI A-I/F BSMAP messages of each type.
-z ansi_a,dtap[,filter]
Count the number of ANSI A-I/F DTAP messages of each type.
-z ansi_map[,filter]
Count the number of ANSI MAP messages of each type, and calculate the total number of
bytes and average bytes of each message type.
-z asap,stat[,filter]
Calculate statistics on Aggregate Service Access Protocol (ASAP). For each ASAP
message type, displays the number, rate, and share among all ASAP message types of
both packets and bytes, and the first and last time that it is seen.
-z bacapp_instanceid,tree[,filter]
Calculate statistics on BACnet APDUs, collated by instance ID. Displayed information
includes source and destination address and service type.
-z bacapp_ip,tree[,filter]
Calculate statistics on BACnet APDUs, collated by source and destination address.
Displayed information includes service type, object ID, and instance ID.
-z bacapp_objectid,tree[,filter]
Calculate statistics on BACnet APDUs, collated by object ID. Displayed information
includes source and destination address, service type, and instance ID.
-z bacapp_service,tree[,filter]
Calculate statistics on BACnet APDUs, collated by service type. Displayed information
includes source and destination address, object ID, and instance ID.
-z calcappprotocol,stat[,filter]
Calculate statistics on the Calculation Application Protocol of Reliable Server
Pooling. For each message type, displays the number, rate, and share among all message
types of both packets and bytes, and the first and last time that it is seen.
-z camel,counter[,filter]
Count the number of CAMEL messages for each opcode.
-z camel,srt[,filter]
Collect requests/response SRT (Service Response Time) data for CAMEL. Data collected
is number of request messages with corresponding response of each CAMEL message type,
along with the minimum, maximum, and average response time.
-z collectd,tree[,filter]
Calculate statistics for collectd. The gathered statistics are the number of collectd
packets and the total number of value segments, along with the host, plugin, and type
of the values.
-z componentstatusprotocol,stat[,filter]
Calculate statistics on the Calculation Status Protocol of Reliable Server Pooling.
For each message type, displays the number, rate and share among all message types of
both packets and bytes, and the first and last time that it is seen.
-z conv,type[,filter]
Create a table that lists all conversations that could be seen in the capture. type
specifies the conversation endpoint type for which we want to generate the statistics;
currently the supported ones are:
"bluetooth" Bluetooth addresses
"dccp" DCCP/IP socket pairs Both IPv4 and IPv6 are supported
"eth" Ethernet addresses
"fc" Fibre Channel addresses
"fddi" FDDI addresses
"ip" IPv4 addresses
"ipv6" IPv6 addresses
"ipx" IPX addresses
"jxta" JXTA message addresses
"mptcp" Multipath TCP connections
"ncp" NCP connections
"rsvp" RSVP connections
"sctp" SCTP/IP socket pairs Both IPv4 and IPv6 are supported
"sll" Linux "cooked mode" capture addresses
"tcp" TCP/IP socket pairs Both IPv4 and IPv6 are supported
"tr" Token Ring addresses
"udp" UDP/IP socket pairs Both IPv4 and IPv6 are supported
"usb" USB addresses
"wlan" IEEE 802.11 addresses
"wpan" IEEE 802.15.4 addresses
"zbee_nwk" ZigBee Network Layer addresses
The table is presented with one line for each conversation which displays the number
of frames/bytes in each direction, the total number of frames/bytes, relative start
time and duration. The table is sorted according to the total number of frames.
-z credentials
Collect credentials (username/passwords) from packets. The report includes the packet
number, the protocol that had that credential, the username and the password. For
protocols just using one single field as authentication, this is provided as a
password and a placeholder in place of the user. Currently implemented protocols
include FTP, HTTP, IMAP, POP, and SMTP.
-z dcerpc,srt,uuid,major.minor[,filter]
Collect call/reply SRT (Service Response Time) data for DCERPC interface uuid, version
major.minor. Data collected is the number of calls for each procedure, MinSRT, MaxSRT
and AvgSRT.
Example: -z dcerpc,srt,12345778-1234-abcd-ef00-0123456789ac,1.0 will collect data for
the CIFS SAMR Interface.
This option can be used multiple times on the command line.
Example: -z dcerpc,srt,12345778-1234-abcd-ef00-0123456789ac,1.0,ip.addr==1.2.3.4 will
collect SAMR SRT statistics for a specific host.
-z dests,tree[,filter]
Calculate statistics on IPv4 destination addresses and the protocols and ports
appearing on each address.
-z dhcp,stat[,filter]
Show DHCP (BOOTP) statistics.
-z diameter,avp[,cmd.code,field,field,...]
This option enables extraction of most important diameter fields from large capture
files. Exactly one text line for each diameter message with matched diameter.cmd.code
will be printed.
Empty diameter command code or '*' can be specified to match any diameter.cmd.code
Example: -z diameter,avp extract default field set from diameter messages.
Example: -z diameter,avp,280 extract default field set from diameter DWR messages.
Example: -z diameter,avp,272 extract default field set from diameter CC messages.
Extract most important fields from diameter CC messages:
tshark -r file.cap.gz -q -z
diameter,avp,272,CC-Request-Type,CC-Request-Number,Session-Id,Subscription-Id-Data,Rating-Group,Result-Code
Following fields will be printed out for each diameter message:
"frame" Frame number.
"time" Unix time of the frame arrival.
"src" Source address.
"srcport" Source port.
"dst" Destination address.
"dstport" Destination port.
"proto" Constant string 'diameter', which can be used for post processing of tshark output. E.g. grep/sed/awk.
"msgnr" seq. number of diameter message within the frame. E.g. '2' for the third diameter message in the same frame.
"is_request" '0' if message is a request, '1' if message is an answer.
"cmd" diameter.cmd_code, E.g. '272' for credit control messages.
"req_frame" Number of frame where matched request was found or '0'.
"ans_frame" Number of frame where matched answer was found or '0'.
"resp_time" response time in seconds, '0' in case if matched Request/Answer is not found in trace. E.g. in the begin or end of capture.
-z diameter,avp option is much faster than -V -T text or -T pdml options.
-z diameter,avp option is more powerful than -T field and -z proto,colinfo options.
Multiple diameter messages in one frame are supported.
Several fields with same name within one diameter message are supported, e.g.
diameter.Subscription-Id-Data or diameter.Rating-Group.
Note: tshark -q option is recommended to suppress default TShark output.
-z diameter,srt[,filter]
Collect requests/response SRT (Service Response Time) data for Diameter. Data
collected is number of request and response pairs of each Diameter command code,
Minimum SRT, Maximum SRT, Average SRT, and Sum SRT. Currently no statistics are
gathered on unpaired messages.
-z dns,tree[,filter]
Create a summary of the captured DNS packets. General information are collected such
as qtype and qclass distribution. For some data (as qname length or DNS payload) max,
min and average values are also displayed.
-z endpoints,type[,filter]
Create a table that lists all endpoints that could be seen in the capture. type
specifies the endpoint type for which we want to generate the statistics; currently
the supported ones are:
"bluetooth" Bluetooth addresses
"dccp" DCCP/IP socket pairs Both IPv4 and IPv6 are supported
"eth" Ethernet addresses
"fc" Fibre Channel addresses
"fddi" FDDI addresses
"ip" IPv4 addresses
"ipv6" IPv6 addresses
"ipx" IPX addresses
"jxta" JXTA message addresses
"mptcp" Multipath TCP connections
"ncp" NCP connections
"rsvp" RSVP connections
"sctp" SCTP/IP socket pairs Both IPv4 and IPv6 are supported
"sll" Linux "cooked mode" capture addresses
"tcp" TCP/IP socket pairs Both IPv4 and IPv6 are supported
"tr" Token Ring addresses
"udp" UDP/IP socket pairs Both IPv4 and IPv6 are supported
"usb" USB addresses
"wlan" IEEE 802.11 addresses
"wpan" IEEE 802.15.4 addresses
"zbee_nwk" ZigBee Network Layer addresses
The table is presented with one line for each endpoint which displays the total number
of packets/bytes and the number of packets/bytes in each direction. The table is
sorted according to the total number of packets.
-z enrp,stat[,filter]
Calculate statistics on Endpoint Handlespace Redundancy Protocol (ENRP). For each
message type, displays the number, rate, and share among all message types of both
packets and bytes, and the first and last time that it is seen.
-z expert[,error|,warn|,note|,chat|,comment][,filter]
Collects information about all expert info, and will display them in order, grouped by
severity.
Example: -z expert,sip will show expert items of all severity for frames that match
the sip protocol.
This option can be used multiple times on the command line.
Example: -z "expert,note,tcp" will only collect expert items for frames that include
the tcp protocol, with a severity of note or higher.
-z f1ap,tree[,filter]
Calculate the distribution of F1AP packets, grouped by packet types.
-z f5_tmm_dist,tree[,filter]
Calculate the F5 Ethernet trailer Traffic Management Microkernel distribution.
Displayed information is the number of packets and bytes, grouped by the TMM slot and
number, whether packets are ingress or egress, and whether there is a flow ID and
virtual server name, a flow ID without virtual server name, or no flow ID, along with
total for all packets with F5 trailers.
-z f5_virt_dist,tree[,filter]
Calculate F5 Ethernet trailer Virtual Server distribution. Displayed information is
the number of packets and bytes, grouped by the virtual server name if it exists, or
by whether there is a flow ID or not if there is no virtual server name, as well as
totals for all packets with F5 trailers.
-z fc,srt[,filter]
Collect requests/response SRT (Service Response Time) data for GTP. Data collected is
the number of request/response pairs, minimum SRT, maximum SRT, average SRT, and sum
SRT for each value of the Type field (next protocol). No statistics are gathered on
unpaired messages.
-z flow,name,mode[,filter]
Displays the flow of data between two nodes. Output is the same as ASCII format saved
from GUI.
name specifies the flow name. It can be one of:
any All frames
icmp ICMP
icmpv6 ICMPv6
lbm_uim UIM
tcp TCP
mode specifies the address type. It can be one of:
standard Any address
network Network address
Example: -z flow,tcp,network will show data flow for all TCP frames
-z follow,prot,mode,filter[,range]
Displays the contents of a TCP or UDP stream between two nodes. The data sent by the
second node is prefixed with a tab to differentiate it from the data sent by the first
node.
prot specifies the transport protocol. It can be one of:
tcp TCP
udp UDP
dccp DCCP
tls TLS or SSL
http HTTP streams
http2 HTTP/2 streams
quic QUIC streams
Note
While the usage help presents sip as an option, the proper stream filters are not
implemented so SIP calls cannot be followed in TShark, only in Wireshark.
mode specifies the output mode. It can be one of:
ascii ASCII output with dots for non-printable characters
ebcdic EBCDIC output with dots for non-printable characters
hex Hexadecimal and ASCII data with offsets
raw Hexadecimal data
utf-8 UTF-8 output with REPLACEMENT CHARACTERs for invalid sequences
yaml YAML format
Since the output in ascii, ebcdic, or utf-8 mode may contain newlines, each section of
output is preceded by its length in bytes plus a newline. (Note that for utf-8 this is
not UTF-8 characters, and may be different than the length as transmitted due to the
substitution of replacement characters for invalid sequences.)
filter specifies the stream to be displayed. There are three formats:
ip-addr0:port0,ip-addr1:port1
stream-index
stream-index,substream-index
The first format specifies IP addresses and TCP, UDP, or DCCP port pairs. (TCP ports
are used for TLS, HTTP, and HTTP2; QUIC does not support address and port matching
because of connection migration.)
The second format specifies stream indices, and is used for TCP, UDP, DCCP, TLS, and
HTTP. (TLS and HTTP use TCP stream indices.)
The third format, specifying streams and substreams, is used for HTTP/2 and QUIC due
to their use of multiplexing. (TCP stream and HTTP/2 stream indices for HTTP/2, QUIC
connection number and stream ID for QUIC.)
range optionally specifies which "chunks" of the stream should be displayed.
Example: -z "follow,tcp,hex,1" will display the contents of the second TCP stream (the
first is stream 0) in "hex" format.
===================================================================
Follow: tcp,hex
Filter: tcp.stream eq 1
Node 0: 200.57.7.197:32891
Node 1: 200.57.7.198:2906
00000000 00 00 00 22 00 00 00 07 00 0a 85 02 07 e9 00 02 ...".... ........
00000010 07 e9 06 0f 00 0d 00 04 00 00 00 01 00 03 00 06 ........ ........
00000020 1f 00 06 04 00 00 ......
00000000 00 01 00 00 ....
00000026 00 02 00 00
Example: -z "follow,tcp,ascii,200.57.7.197:32891,200.57.7.198:2906" will display the
contents of a TCP stream between 200.57.7.197 port 32891 and 200.57.7.98 port 2906.
===================================================================
Follow: tcp,ascii
Filter: (omitted for readability)
Node 0: 200.57.7.197:32891
Node 1: 200.57.7.198:2906
38
...".....
................
4
....
Example: -z "follow,http2,hex,0,1" will display the contents of a HTTP/2 stream on the
first TCP session (index 0) with HTTP/2 Stream ID 1.
===================================================================
Follow: http2,hex
Filter: tcp.stream eq 0 and http2.streamid eq 1
Node 0: 172.16.5.1:49178
Node 1: 172.16.5.10:8443
00000000 00 00 2c 01 05 00 00 00 01 82 04 8b 63 c1 ac 2a ..,..... ....c..*
00000010 27 1d 9d 57 ae a9 bf 87 41 8c 0b a2 5c 2e 2e da '..W.... A...\...
00000020 e1 05 c7 9a 69 9f 7a 88 25 b6 50 c3 ab b6 25 c3 ....i.z. %.P...%.
00000030 53 03 2a 2f 2a S.*/*
00000000 00 00 22 01 04 00 00 00 01 88 5f 87 35 23 98 ac .."..... .._.5#..
00000010 57 54 df 61 96 c3 61 be 94 03 8a 61 2c 6a 08 2f WT.a..a. ...a,j./
00000020 34 a0 5b b8 21 5c 0b ea 62 d1 bf 4.[.!\.. b..
0000002B 00 40 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 89 50 4e 47 0d 0a 1a .@...... ..PNG...
-z fractalgeneratorprotocol,stat[,filter]
Calculate statistics on the Fractal Generator Protocol of Reliable Server Pooling. For
each message type, displays the number, rate and share among all message types of both
packets and bytes, and the first and last time that it is seen.
-z gsm_a
Count the number of GSM A-I/F messages of each type within the following categories:
BSSMAP, DTAP Mobility Management, DTAP Radio Resource Management, DTAP Call Control,
DTAP GPRS Mobility Management, DTAP SMS messages, DTAP GPRS Session Management, DTAP
Supplementary Services, DTAP Special Conformance Testing Functions, and SACCH Radio
Resource Management.
Unlike the individual statistics for each category that follow, this only prints a
line for each message type that appears, instead of including lines for message types
with a count of zero.
-z gsm_a,category[,filter]
Count the number of messages of each type in GSM A-I/F category, which can be one of:
bssmap BSSMAP
dtap_cc DTAP Call Control
dtap_gmm DTAP GPRS Mobility Management
dtap_mm DTAP Mobility Management
dtap_rr DTAP Radio Resource Management
dtap_sacch SACCH Radio Resource Management
dtap_sm DTAP GPRS Session Management
dtap_sms DTAP Short Message Service
dtap_ss DTAP Supplementary Services
dtap_tp DTAP Special Conformance Testing Functions
-z gsm_map,operation[,filter]
Calculate statistics on GSM MAP. For each op code, the total number of invokes and
results, along with the average and total bytes for invokes and results separately and
combined is displayed.
-z gtp,srt[,filter]
Collect requests/response SRT (Service Response Time) data for GTP. Data collected is
the number of calls, minimum SRT, maximum SRT, average SRT, and sum SRT for certain
commands. Currently no statistics are gathered on unpaired messages.
-z gtpv2,srt[,filter]
Collect requests/response SRT (Service Response Time) data for GTP. Data collected is
the number of calls, minimum SRT, maximum SRT, average SRT, and sum SRT for certain
commands. Currently no statistics are gathered on unpaired messages.
-z h225,counter[,filter]
Count ITU-T H.225 messages and their reasons. In the first column you get a list of
H.225 messages and H.225 message reasons, which occur in the current capture file. The
number of occurrences of each message or reason is displayed in the second column.
Example: -z h225,counter.
Example: use -z "h225,counter,ip.addr==1.2.3.4" to only collect stats for H.225
packets exchanged by the host at IP address 1.2.3.4 .
This option can be used multiple times on the command line.
-z h225_ras,rtd[,filter]
Collect requests/response RTD (Response Time Delay) data for ITU-T H.225 RAS. Data
collected is number of calls of each ITU-T H.225 RAS Message Type, Minimum RTD,
Maximum RTD, Average RTD, Minimum in Frame, and Maximum in Frame. You will also get
the number of Open Requests (Unresponded Requests), Discarded Responses (Responses
without matching request) and Duplicate Messages.
Example: tshark -z h225_ras,rtd
This option can be used multiple times on the command line.
Example: -z "h225_ras,rtd,ip.addr==1.2.3.4" will only collect stats for ITU-T H.225
RAS packets exchanged by the host at IP address 1.2.3.4 .
-z hart_ip,tree[,filter]
Calculate statistics on HART-IP packets, grouping by message types and message IDs
within types.
-z hosts[,ip][,ipv4][,ipv6]
Dump any collected resolved IPv4 and/or IPv6 addresses in "hosts" format. Both IPv4
and IPv6 addresses are dumped by default. "ip" argument will dump only IPv4 addresses.
Addresses are collected from a number of sources, including standard "hosts" files and
captured traffic. Resolution must be enabled, e.g. through the -n option.
-z hpfeeds,tree[,filter]
Calculate statistics for HPFEEDS traffic such as publish per channel, and opcode
distribution.
-z http,stat[,filter]
Count the HTTP response status codes and the HTTP request methods.
-z http,tree[,filter]
Calculate the HTTP packet distribution. Displayed values are the response status codes
and request methods.
-z http_req,tree[,filter]
Calculate the HTTP requests by server. Displayed values are the server name and the
URI path.
-z http_seq,tree[,filter]
Calculate the HTTP request sequence statistics, which correlate referring URIs with
request URIs.
-z http_srv,tree[,filter]
Calculate the HTTP requests and responses by server. For the HTTP requests, displayed
values are the server IP address and server hostname. For the HTTP responses,
displayed values are the server IP address and status.
-z http2,tree[,filter]
Calculate the HTTP/2 packet distribution. Displayed values are the frame types.
-z icmp,srt[,filter]
Compute total ICMP echo requests, replies, loss, and percent loss, as well as minimum,
maximum, mean, median and sample standard deviation SRT statistics typical of what
ping provides.
Example: -z icmp,srt,ip.src==1.2.3.4 will collect ICMP SRT statistics for ICMP echo
request packets originating from a specific host.
This option can be used multiple times on the command line.
-z icmpv6,srt[,filter]
Compute total ICMPv6 echo requests, replies, loss, and percent loss, as well as
minimum, maximum, mean, median and sample standard deviation SRT statistics typical of
what ping provides.
Example: -z icmpv6,srt,ipv6.src==fe80::1 will collect ICMPv6 SRT statistics for ICMPv6
echo request packets originating from a specific host.
This option can be used multiple times on the command line.
-z io,phs[,filter]
Create Protocol Hierarchy Statistics listing both number of packets and bytes.
This option can be used multiple times on the command line.
-z io,stat,interval[,filter][,filter][,filter]...
Collect packet/bytes statistics for the capture in intervals of interval seconds.
Interval can be specified either as a whole or fractional second and can be specified
with microsecond (us) resolution. If interval is 0, the statistics will be calculated
over all packets.
If one or more filters are specified statistics will be calculated for all filters and
presented with one column of statistics for each filter.
This option can be used multiple times on the command line.
Example: -z io,stat,1,ip.addr==1.2.3.4 will generate 1 second statistics for all
traffic to/from host 1.2.3.4.
Example: -z "io,stat,0.001,smb&&ip.addr==1.2.3.4" will generate 1ms statistics for all
SMB packets to/from host 1.2.3.4.
The examples above all use the standard syntax for generating statistics which only
calculates the number of packets and bytes in each interval.
io,stat can also do much more statistics and calculate COUNT(), SUM(), MIN(), MAX(),
AVG() and LOAD() using a slightly different filter syntax:
-z io,stat,interval,"COUNT|SUM|MIN|MAX|AVG|LOAD(field)filter"
Note
One important thing to note here is that the filter is not optional and that the
field that the calculation is based on MUST be part of the filter string or the
calculation will fail.
So: -z io,stat,0.010,AVG(smb.time) does not work. Use -z
io,stat,0.010,AVG(smb.time)smb.time instead. Also be aware that a field can exist
multiple times inside the same packet and will then be counted multiple times in those
packets.
Note
A second important thing to note is that the system setting for decimal separator
must be set to "."! If it is set to "," the statistics will not be displayed per
filter.
COUNT - Calculates the number of times that the field name (not its value) appears per
interval in the filtered packet list. ''field'' can be any display filter name.
Example: -z io,stat,0.010,"COUNT(smb.sid)smb.sid"
This will count the total number of SIDs seen in each 10ms interval.
SUM - Unlike COUNT, the values of the specified field are summed per time interval.
''field'' can only be a named integer, float, double or relative time field.
Example: tshark -z io,stat,0.010,"SUM(frame.len)frame.len"
Reports the total number of bytes that were transmitted bidirectionally in all the
packets within a 10 millisecond interval.
MIN/MAX/AVG - The minimum, maximum, or average field value in each interval is
calculated. The specified field must be a named integer, float, double or relative
time field. For relative time fields, the output is presented in seconds with six
decimal digits of precision rounded to the nearest microsecond.
In the following example, the time of the first Read_AndX call, the last Read_AndX
response values are displayed and the minimum, maximum, and average Read response
times (SRTs) are calculated. NOTE: If the DOS command shell line continuation
character, ''^'' is used, each line cannot end in a comma so it is placed at the
beginning of each continuation line:
tshark -o tcp.desegment_tcp_streams:FALSE -n -q -r smb_reads.cap -z io,stat,0,
"MIN(frame.time_relative)frame.time_relative and smb.cmd==0x2e and smb.flags.response==0",
"MAX(frame.time_relative)frame.time_relative and smb.cmd==0x2e and smb.flags.response==1",
"MIN(smb.time)smb.time and smb.cmd==0x2e",
"MAX(smb.time)smb.time and smb.cmd==0x2e",
"AVG(smb.time)smb.time and smb.cmd==0x2e"
======================================================================================================
IO Statistics
Column #0: MIN(frame.time_relative)frame.time_relative and smb.cmd==0x2e and smb.flags.response==0
Column #1: MAX(frame.time_relative)frame.time_relative and smb.cmd==0x2e and smb.flags.response==1
Column #2: MIN(smb.time)smb.time and smb.cmd==0x2e
Column #3: MAX(smb.time)smb.time and smb.cmd==0x2e
Column #4: AVG(smb.time)smb.time and smb.cmd==0x2e
| Column #0 | Column #1 | Column #2 | Column #3 | Column #4 |
Time | MIN | MAX | MIN | MAX | AVG |
000.000- 0.000000 7.704054 0.000072 0.005539 0.000295
======================================================================================================
The following command displays the average SMB Read response PDU size, the total
number of read PDU bytes, the average SMB Write request PDU size, and the total number
of bytes transferred in SMB Write PDUs:
tshark -n -q -r smb_reads_writes.cap -z io,stat,0,
"AVG(smb.file.rw.length)smb.file.rw.length and smb.cmd==0x2e and smb.response_to",
"SUM(smb.file.rw.length)smb.file.rw.length and smb.cmd==0x2e and smb.response_to",
"AVG(smb.file.rw.length)smb.file.rw.length and smb.cmd==0x2f and not smb.response_to",
"SUM(smb.file.rw.length)smb.file.rw.length and smb.cmd==0x2f and not smb.response_to"
=====================================================================================
IO Statistics
Column #0: AVG(smb.file.rw.length)smb.file.rw.length and smb.cmd==0x2e and smb.response_to
Column #1: SUM(smb.file.rw.length)smb.file.rw.length and smb.cmd==0x2e and smb.response_to
Column #2: AVG(smb.file.rw.length)smb.file.rw.length and smb.cmd==0x2f and not smb.response_to
Column #3: SUM(smb.file.rw.length)smb.file.rw.length and smb.cmd==0x2f and not smb.response_to
| Column #0 | Column #1 | Column #2 | Column #3 |
Time | AVG | SUM | AVG | SUM |
000.000- 30018 28067522 72 3240
=====================================================================================
LOAD - The LOAD/Queue-Depth in each interval is calculated. The specified field must
be a relative time field that represents a response time. For example smb.time. For
each interval the Queue-Depth for the specified protocol is calculated.
The following command displays the average SMB LOAD. A value of 1.0 represents one I/O
in flight.
tshark -n -q -r smb_reads_writes.cap
-z "io,stat,0.001,LOAD(smb.time)smb.time"
============================================================================
IO Statistics
Interval: 0.001000 secs
Column #0: LOAD(smb.time)smb.time
| Column #0 |
Time | LOAD |
0000.000000-0000.001000 1.000000
0000.001000-0000.002000 0.741000
0000.002000-0000.003000 0.000000
0000.003000-0000.004000 1.000000
FRAMES | BYTES[()filter] - Displays the total number of frames or bytes. The filter
field is optional but if included it must be prepended with ''()''.
The following command displays five columns: the total number of frames and bytes
(transferred bidirectionally) using a single comma, the same two stats using the
FRAMES and BYTES subcommands, the total number of frames containing at least one SMB
Read response, and the total number of bytes transmitted to the client
(unidirectionally) at IP address 10.1.0.64.
tshark -o tcp.desegment_tcp_streams:FALSE -n -q -r smb_reads.cap -z io,stat,0,,FRAMES,BYTES,
"FRAMES()smb.cmd==0x2e and smb.response_to","BYTES()ip.dst==10.1.0.64"
=======================================================================================================================
IO Statistics
Column #0:
Column #1: FRAMES
Column #2: BYTES
Column #3: FRAMES()smb.cmd==0x2e and smb.response_to
Column #4: BYTES()ip.dst==10.1.0.64
| Column #0 | Column #1 | Column #2 | Column #3 | Column #4 |
Time | Frames | Bytes | FRAMES | BYTES | FRAMES | BYTES |
000.000- 33576 29721685 33576 29721685 870 29004801
=======================================================================================================================
-z ip_hosts,tree[,filter]
Calculate statistics on IPv4 addresses, with source and destination addresses all
grouped together.
-z ip_srcdst,tree[,filter]
Calculate statistics on IPv4 addresses, with source and destination addresses
separated into separate categories.
-z ip_ttl,tree[,filter]
Calculate statistics on the time to live (TTL) values that occur for each IPv4 source
address.
-z ip6_dests,tree[,filter]
Calculate statistics on IPv6 destination addresses and the protocols and ports
appearing on each address.
-z ip6_hosts,tree[,filter]
Calculate statistics on IPv6 addresses, with source and destination addresses all
grouped together.
-z ip6_ptype,tree[,filter]
Calculate statistics on port types that occur on IPv6 packets.
-z ip6_srcdst,tree[,filter]
Calculate statistics on IPv6 addresses, with source and destination addresses
separated into separate categories.
-z ip6_hop,tree[,filter]
Calculate statistics on the hop limits that occur for each IPv6 source address.
-z isup_msg,tree[,filter]
Calculate statistics on ISUP messages. Displayed information is message types and
direction (originating point code and destination point code.)
-z lbmr_queue_ads_queue,tree[,filter]
Calculate statistics on LBM Topic Resolution Packets. Displays queue advertisements
collated by queue name and then source addresses and port.
-z lbmr_queue_ads_source,tree[,filter]
Calculate statistics on LBM Topic Resolution Packets. Displays queue advertisements
collated by source address and then queue and port.
-z lbmr_queue_queries_queue,tree[,filter]
Calculate statistics on LBM Topic Resolution Packets. Displays queue queries collated
by queue name and then receiver addresses.
-z lbmr_queue_queries_receiver,tree[,filter]
Calculate statistics on LBM Topic Resolution Packets. Displays queue queries collated
by receiver address and then queue.
-z lbmr_topic_ads_source,tree[,filter]
Calculate statistics on LBM Topic Resolution Packets. Displays topic advertisements
collated by source address and then topic name and source string.
-z lbmr_topic_ads_topic,tree[,filter]
Calculate statistics on LBM Topic Resolution Packets. Displays topic advertisements
collated by topic name and then source address and source string.
-z lbmr_topic_ads_transport,tree[,filter]
Calculate statistics on LBM Topic Resolution Packets. Displays topic advertisements
collated by source string and then topic name.
-z lbmr_topic_queries_pattern,tree[,filter]
Calculate statistics on LBM Topic Resolution Packets. Displays topic queries collated
by pattern and then receiver address.
-z lbmr_topic_queries_pattern_receiver,tree[,filter]
Calculate statistics on LBM Topic Resolution Packets. Displays topic queries collated
by receiver address and then pattern.
-z lbmr_topic_queries_receiver,tree[,filter]
Calculate statistics on LBM Topic Resolution Packets. Displays topic queries collated
by receiver address and then topic name.
-z lbmr_topic_queries_topic,tree[,filter]
Calculate statistics on LBM Topic Resolution Packets. Displays topic queries collated
by topic name and then receiver address.
-z mac-lte,stat[,filter]
This option will activate a counter for LTE MAC messages. You will get information
about the maximum number of UEs/TTI, common messages and various counters for each UE
that appears in the log.
Example: tshark -z mac-lte,stat.
This option can be used multiple times on the command line.
Example: -z "mac-lte,stat,mac-lte.rnti>3000" will only collect stats for UEs with an
assigned RNTI whose value is more than 3000.
-z megaco,rtd[,filter]
Collect requests/response RTD (Response Time Delay) data for MEGACO. (This is similar
to -z smb,srt). Data collected is the number of calls for each known MEGACO Type,
MinRTD, MaxRTD and AvgRTD. Additionally you get the number of duplicate
requests/responses, unresponded requests, responses, which don’t match with any
request. Example: -z megaco,rtd.
Example: -z "megaco,rtd,ip.addr==1.2.3.4" will only collect stats for MEGACO packets
exchanged by the host at IP address 1.2.3.4 .
This option can be used multiple times on the command line.
-z mgcp,rtd[,filter]
Collect requests/response RTD (Response Time Delay) data for MGCP. (This is similar to
-z smb,srt). Data collected is the number of calls for each known MGCP Type, MinRTD,
MaxRTD and AvgRTD. Additionally you get the number of duplicate requests/responses,
unresponded requests, responses, which don’t match with any request. Example: -z
mgcp,rtd.
This option can be used multiple times on the command line.
Example: -z "mgcp,rtd,ip.addr==1.2.3.4" will only collect stats for MGCP packets
exchanged by the host at IP address 1.2.3.4 .
-z mtp3,msus[,filter]
Calculate statistics on MTP3 MSUs. For each combination of originating point code,
destination point code, and service indicator, calculates the total number of MSUs,
the total bytes, and the average bytes per MSU.
-z ncp,srt[,filter]
Collect requests/response SRT (Service Response Time) data for Netware Core Protocol.
Minimum SRT, maximum SRT, average SRT, and sum SRT is displayed for request/response
pairs, organized by group, function and subfunction, and verb. No statistics are
gathered on unpaired messages.
-z osmux,tree[,filter]
Calculate statistics for the OSmux voice/signaling multiplex protocol. Displays the
total number of OSmux packets, and displays for each stream the number of packets,
number of packets with the RTP market bit set, number of AMR frames, jitter analysis,
and sequence number analysis.
-z pingpongprotocol,stat[,filter]
Calculate statistics on the Ping Pong Protocol of Reliable Server Pooling. For each
message type, displays the number, rate and share among all message types of both
packets and bytes, and the first and last time that it is seen.
-z plen,tree[,filter]
Calculate statistics on packet lengths. Packets are grouped into buckets that grow
exponentially with powers of two.
-z proto,colinfo,filter,field
Append all field values for the packet to the Info column of the one-line summary
output. This feature can be used to append arbitrary fields to the Info column in
addition to the normal content of that column. field is the display-filter name of a
field which value should be placed in the Info column. filter is a filter string that
controls for which packets the field value will be presented in the info column. field
will only be presented in the Info column for the packets which match filter.
Note
In order for TShark to be able to extract the field value from the packet, field
MUST be part of the filter string. If not, TShark will not be able to extract its
value.
For a simple example to add the "nfs.fh.hash" field to the Info column for all packets
containing the "nfs.fh.hash" field, use
-z proto,colinfo,nfs.fh.hash,nfs.fh.hash
To put "nfs.fh.hash" in the Info column but only for packets coming from host 1.2.3.4
use:
-z "proto,colinfo,nfs.fh.hash && ip.src==1.2.3.4,nfs.fh.hash"
This option can be used multiple times on the command line.
-z ptype,tree[,filter]
Calculate statistics on port types that occur on IPv4 packets.
-z radius,rtd[,filter]
Collect requests/response RTD (Response Time Delay) data for RADIUS. The data
collected for each RADIUS code is the number of calls, Minimum RTD, Maximum RTD,
Average RTD, Minimum in Frame, and Maximum in Frame, along with the number of Open
Requests (Unresponded Requests), Discarded Responses (Responses without matching
request) and Duplicate Messages.
-z rlc-lte,stat[,filter]
This option will activate a counter for LTE RLC messages. You will get information
about common messages and various counters for each UE that appears in the log.
Example: tshark -z rlc-lte,stat.
This option can be used multiple times on the command line.
Example: -z "rlc-lte,stat,rlc-lte.ueid>3000" will only collect stats for UEs with a
UEId of more than 3000.
-z rpc,programs
Collect call/reply SRT data for all known ONC-RPC programs/versions. Data collected is
number of calls for each protocol/version, MinSRT, MaxSRT and AvgSRT. This option can
only be used once on the command line.
-z rpc,srt,program,version[,filter]
Collect call/reply SRT (Service Response Time) data for program/version. Data
collected is the number of calls for each procedure, MinSRT, MaxSRT, AvgSRT, and the
total time taken for each procedure.
Example: tshark -z rpc,srt,100003,3 will collect data for NFS v3.
This option can be used multiple times on the command line.
Example: -z rpc,srt,100003,3,nfs.fh.hash==0x12345678 will collect NFS v3 SRT
statistics for a specific file.
-z rtp,streams
Collect statistics for all RTP streams and calculate max. delta, max. and mean jitter
and packet loss percentages.
-z rtsp,stat[,filter]
Count the RTSP response status codes and the RSTP request methods.
-z rtsp,tree[,filter]
Calculate the RTSP packet distribution. Displayed values are the response status codes
and request methods.
-z sametime,tree[,filter]
Calculate statistics on SAMETIME messages. Displayed values are the messages type,
send type, and user status.
-z scsi,srt,cmdset[,filter]
Collect call/reply SRT (Service Response Time) data for SCSI commandset cmdset.
Commandsets are 0:SBC 1:SSC 5:MMC
Data collected is the number of calls for each procedure, MinSRT, MaxSRT and AvgSRT.
Example: -z scsi,srt,0 will collect data for SCSI BLOCK COMMANDS (SBC).
This option can be used multiple times on the command line.
Example: -z scsi,srt,0,ip.addr==1.2.3.4 will collect SCSI SBC SRT statistics for a
specific iscsi/ifcp/fcip host.
-z sctp,stat
Activate a counter for SCTP chunks. In addition to the total number of SCTP packets,
for each source and destination address and port combination the number of chunks of
the most common types (DATA, SACK, HEARTBEAT, HEARTBEAT ACK, INIT, INIT ACK, COOKIE
ECHO, COOKIE ACK, ABORT, and ERROR) are displayed.
-z sip,stat[,filter]
This option will activate a counter for SIP messages. You will get the number of
occurrences of each SIP Method and of each SIP Status-Code. Additionally you also get
the number of resent SIP Messages (only for SIP over UDP).
Example: -z sip,stat.
This option can be used multiple times on the command line.
Example: -z "sip,stat,ip.addr==1.2.3.4" will only collect stats for SIP packets
exchanged by the host at IP address 1.2.3.4 .
-z smb,sids
When this feature is used TShark will print a report with all the discovered SID and
account name mappings. Only those SIDs where the account name is known will be
presented in the table.
For this feature to work you will need to either to enable
"Edit/Preferences/Protocols/SMB/Snoop SID to name mappings" in the preferences or you
can override the preferences by specifying -o "smb.sid_name_snooping:TRUE" on the
TShark command line.
The current method used by TShark to find the SID→name mapping is relatively
restricted with a hope of future expansion.
-z smb,srt[,filter]
Collect call/reply SRT (Service Response Time) data for SMB. Data collected is number
of calls for each SMB command, MinSRT, MaxSRT and AvgSRT.
Example: -z smb,srt
The data will be presented as separate tables for all normal SMB commands, all
Transaction2 commands and all NT Transaction commands. Only those commands that are
seen in the capture will have its stats displayed. Only the first command in a xAndX
command chain will be used in the calculation. So for common SessionSetupAndX +
TreeConnectAndX chains, only the SessionSetupAndX call will be used in the statistics.
This is a flaw that might be fixed in the future.
This option can be used multiple times on the command line.
Example: -z "smb,srt,ip.addr==1.2.3.4" will only collect stats for SMB packets
exchanged by the host at IP address 1.2.3.4 .
-z smb2,srt[,filter]
Collect call/reply SRT (Service Response Time) data for SMB versions 2 and 3. The data
collected for each normal command type is the number of calls, MinSRT, MaxSRT, AvgSRT,
and SumSRT. No data is collected on cancel or oplock break requests, or on unpaired
commands. Only the first response to a given request is used; retransmissions are not
included in the calculation.
-z smpp_commands,tree[,filter]
Calculate the SMPP command distribution. Displayed values are command IDs for both
requests and responses, and status for responses.
-z snmp,srt[,filter]
Collect call/reply SRT (Service Response Time) data for SNMP. The data collected for
each PDU type is the number of request/response pairs, MinSRT, MaxSRT, AvgSRT, and
SumSRT. No data is collected on unpaired messages.
-z someip_messages,tree[,filter]
Create statistic of SOME/IP messages. Messages are counted and displayed as Messages
grouped by sender/receiver.
-z someipsd_entries,tree[,filter]
Create statistic of SOME/IP-SD entries. Entries are counted and displayed as Entries
grouped by sender/receiver.
-z sv
Print out the time since the start of the capture and sample count for each IEC 61850
Sampled Values packet.
-z ucp_messages,tree[,filter]
Calculate the message distribution of UCP packets. Displayed values are operation
types for both operations and results, and whether results are positive or negative,
with error codes displayed for negative results.
-z wsp,stat[,filter]
Count the PDU types and the status codes of reply packets for WSP packets.
--capture-comment <comment>
Add a capture comment to the output file, if supported by the output file format.
This option may be specified multiple times. Note that Wireshark currently only
displays the first comment of a capture file.
--list-time-stamp-types
List time stamp types supported for the interface. If no time stamp type can be set,
no time stamp types are listed.
--time-stamp-type <type>
Change the interface’s timestamp method.
--update-interval <interval>
Set the length of time in milliseconds between new packet reports during a capture.
Also sets the granularity of file duration conditions. The default value is 100ms.
--color
Enable coloring of packets according to standard Wireshark color filters. On Windows
colors are limited to the standard console character attribute colors. Other platforms
require a terminal that handles 24-bit "true color" terminal escape sequences. See
https://gitlab.com/wireshark/wireshark/-/wikis/ColoringRules for more information on
configuring color filters.
--no-duplicate-keys
If a key appears multiple times in an object, only write it a single time with as
value a json array containing all the separate values. (Only works with -T json)
--elastic-mapping-filter <protocol>,<protocol>,...
When generating the ElasticSearch mapping file, only put the specified protocols in
it, to avoid a huge mapping file that can choke some software (such as Kibana). The
option takes a list of wanted protocol abbreviations, separated by comma.
Example: ip,udp,dns puts only those three protocols in the mapping file.
--export-objects <protocol>,<destdir>
Export all objects within a protocol into directory destdir. The available values for
protocol can be listed with --export-objects help.
The objects are directly saved in the given directory. Filenames are dependent on the
dissector, but typically it is named after the basename of a file. Duplicate files are
not overwritten, instead an increasing number is appended before the file extension.
This interface is subject to change, adding the possibility to filter on files.
--print-timers
Output JSON containing elapsed times for each pass tshark does to process a capture
file and the sum elapsed time for all passes. The per-pass output contains the total
elapsed time and aggregate counters for per-packet operations (dissection and
filtering).
DISSECTION OPTIONS
-d <layer type>==<selector>,<decode-as protocol>
Like Wireshark’s Decode As... feature, this lets you specify how a layer type should
be dissected. If the layer type in question (for example, tcp.port or udp.port for a
TCP or UDP port number) has the specified selector value, packets should be dissected
as the specified protocol.
Example 1. Decode As Port
-d tcp.port==8888,http will decode any traffic running over TCP port 8888 as HTTP.
Example 2. Decode As Port Range
-d tcp.port==8888-8890,http will decode any traffic running over TCP ports 8888,
8889 or 8890 as HTTP.
Example 3. Decode As Port Range via Length
-d tcp.port==8888:3,http will decode any traffic running over the three TCP ports
8888, 8889 or 8890 as HTTP.
Using an invalid selector or protocol will print out a list of valid selectors and
protocol names, respectively.
Example 4. Decode As List of Selectors
-d . is a quick way to get a list of valid selectors.
Example 5. Decode As List of Values for a Selector
-d ethertype==0x0800,. is a quick way to get a list of protocols that can be
selected with an ethertype.
--disable-all-protocols
Disable dissection of all protocols.
--disable-protocol <proto_name>[,<proto_name>,...]
Disable dissection of proto_name. Use a proto_name of ALL to override your chosen
profile’s default enabled protocol list and temporarily disable all protocols.
--disable-heuristic <short_name>
Disable dissection of heuristic protocol.
--enable-protocol <proto_name>[,<proto_name>,...]
Enable dissection of proto_name. Use a proto_name of ALL to override your chosen
profile’s default disabled protocol list and temporarily enable all protocols which
are enabled by default.
If a protocol is implicated in both --disable-protocol and --enable-protocol, the
protocol is enabled. This allows you to temporarily disable all protocols but a list
of exceptions. Example: --disable-protocol ALL --enable-protocol eth,ip
--enable-heuristic <short_name>
Enable dissection of heuristic protocol.
-K <keytab>
Load kerberos crypto keys from the specified keytab file. This option can be used
multiple times to load keys from several files.
Example: -K krb5.keytab
-n
Disable network object name resolution (such as hostname, TCP and UDP port names); the
-N option might override this one.
-N <name resolving flags>
Turn on name resolving only for particular types of addresses and port numbers, with
name resolving for other types of addresses and port numbers turned off. This option
(along with -n) can be specified multiple times; the last value given overrides
earlier ones. This option and -n override the options from the preferences, including
preferences set via the -o option. If both -N and -n options are not present, the
values from the preferences are used, which default to -N dmN.
The argument is a string that may contain the letters:
d to enable resolution from captured DNS packets
g to enable IP address geolocation information lookup from configured MaxMind
databases
m to enable MAC address resolution
n to enable network address resolution
N to enable using external resolvers (e.g., DNS) for network address resolution; no
effect without n also enabled.
t to enable transport-layer port number resolution
v to enable VLAN IDs to names resolution
Caution
In tshark single-pass mode, external resolution and geolocation lookup is
performed synchronously. For live captures, which are always in single-pass mode,
this makes it more difficult for dissection to keep up with a busy network,
possibly leading to dropped packets.
--only-protocols <protocols>
Only enable dissection of these protocols, comma separated. Disable everything else.
-t (a|ad|adoy|d|dd|e|r|u|ud|udoy)[.[N]]|.[N]
Set the format of the packet timestamp displayed in the default time column. The
format can be one of:
a absolute: The absolute time, as local time in your time zone, is the actual time the
packet was captured, with no date displayed
ad absolute with date: The absolute date, displayed as YYYY-MM-DD, and time, as local
time in your time zone, is the actual time and date the packet was captured
adoy absolute with date using day of year: The absolute date, displayed as YYYY/DOY,
and time, as local time in your time zone, is the actual time and date the packet was
captured
d delta: The delta time is the time since the previous packet was captured
dd delta_displayed: The delta_displayed time is the time since the previous displayed
packet was captured
e epoch: The time in seconds since epoch (Jan 1, 1970 00:00:00)
r relative: The relative time is the time elapsed between the first packet and the
current packet
u UTC: The absolute time, as UTC, is the actual time the packet was captured, with no
date displayed
ud UTC with date: The absolute date, displayed as YYYY-MM-DD, and time, as UTC, is the
actual time and date the packet was captured
udoy UTC with date using day of year: The absolute date, displayed as YYYY/DOY, and
time, as UTC, is the actual time and date the packet was captured
.[N] Set the precision: N is the number of decimals (0 through 9). If using "."
without N, automatically determine precision from trace.
The default format is relative with precision based on capture format.
-u <s|hms>
Specifies how packet timestamp formats in -t which are relative times (i.e. relative,
delta, and delta_displayed) are displayed. Valid choices are:
s for seconds
hms for hours, minutes, and seconds
The default format is seconds.
DIAGNOSTIC OPTIONS
--log-level <level>
Set the active log level. Supported levels in lowest to highest order are "noisy",
"debug", "info", "message", "warning", "critical", and "error". Messages at each level
and higher will be printed, for example "warning" prints "warning", "critical", and
"error" messages and "noisy" prints all messages. Levels are case insensitive.
--log-fatal <level>
Abort the program if any messages are logged at the specified level or higher. For
example, "warning" aborts on any "warning", "critical", or "error" messages.
--log-domains <list>
Only print messages for the specified log domains, e.g. "GUI,Epan,sshdump". List of
domains must be comma-separated. Can be negated with "!" as the first character
(inverts the match).
--log-debug <list>
Force the specified domains to log at the "debug" level. List of domains must be
comma-separated. Can be negated with "!" as the first character (inverts the match).
--log-noisy <list>
Force the specified domains to log at the "noisy" level. List of domains must be
comma-separated. Can be negated with "!" as the first character (inverts the match).
--log-fatal-domains <list>
Abort the program if any messages are logged for the specified log domains. List of
domains must be comma-separated.
--log-file <path>
Write log messages and stderr output to the specified file.
CAPTURE FILTER SYNTAX
See the manual page of pcap-filter(7) or, if that doesn’t exist, tcpdump(8), or, if that
doesn’t exist, https://gitlab.com/wireshark/wireshark/-/wikis/CaptureFilters.
READ FILTER SYNTAX
For a complete table of protocol and protocol fields that are filterable in TShark see the
wireshark-filter(4) manual page.
FILES
These files contains various Wireshark configuration values.
Preferences
The preferences files contain global (system-wide) and personal preference settings.
If the system-wide preference file exists, it is read first, overriding the default
settings. If the personal preferences file exists, it is read next, overriding any
previous values. Note: If the command line option -o is used (possibly more than
once), it will in turn override values from the preferences files.
The preferences settings are in the form prefname:value, one per line, where prefname
is the name of the preference and value is the value to which it should be set; white
space is allowed between : and value. A preference setting can be continued on
subsequent lines by indenting the continuation lines with white space. A # character
starts a comment that runs to the end of the line:
# Capture in promiscuous mode?
# TRUE or FALSE (case-insensitive).
capture.prom_mode: TRUE
The global preferences file is looked for in the wireshark directory under the share
subdirectory of the main installation directory. On macOS, this would typically be
/Application/Wireshark.app/Contents/Resources/share; on other UNIX-compatible systems,
such as Linux, \*BSD, Solaris, and AIX, this would typically be
/usr/share/wireshark/preferences for system-installed packages and
/usr/local/share/wireshark/preferences for locally-installed packages; on Windows,
this would typically be C:\Program Files\Wireshark\preferences.
On UNIX-compatible systems, the personal preferences file is looked for in
$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/wireshark/preferences, (or, if $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/wireshark does not
exist while $HOME/.wireshark does exist, $HOME/.wireshark/preferences); this is
typically $HOME/.config/wireshark/preferences. On Windows, the personal preferences
file is looked for in %APPDATA%\Wireshark\preferences (or, if %APPDATA% isn’t defined,
%USERPROFILE%\Application Data\Wireshark\preferences).
Disabled (Enabled) Protocols
The disabled_protos files contain system-wide and personal lists of protocols that
have been disabled, so that their dissectors are never called. The files contain
protocol names, one per line, where the protocol name is the same name that would be
used in a display filter for the protocol:
http
tcp # a comment
The global disabled_protos file uses the same directory as the global preferences
file.
The personal disabled_protos file uses the same directory as the personal preferences
file.
Name Resolution (hosts)
If the personal hosts file exists, it is used to resolve IPv4 and IPv6 addresses
before any other attempts are made to resolve them. The file has the standard hosts
file syntax; each line contains one IP address and name, separated by whitespace. The
same directory as for the personal preferences file is used.
Capture filter name resolution is handled by libpcap on UNIX-compatible systems, such
as Linux, macOS, \*BSD, Solaris, and AIX, and by Npcap or WinPcap on Windows. As such
the Wireshark personal hosts file will not be consulted for capture filter name
resolution.
Name Resolution (subnets)
If an IPv4 address cannot be translated via name resolution (no exact match is found)
then a partial match is attempted via the subnets file.
Each line of this file consists of an IPv4 address, a subnet mask length separated
only by a / and a name separated by whitespace. While the address must be a full IPv4
address, any values beyond the mask length are subsequently ignored.
An example is:
# Comments must be prepended by the # sign! 192.168.0.0/24 ws_test_network
A partially matched name will be printed as "subnet-name.remaining-address". For
example, "192.168.0.1" under the subnet above would be printed as "ws_test_network.1";
if the mask length above had been 16 rather than 24, the printed address would be
``ws_test_network.0.1".
Name Resolution (ethers)
The ethers files are consulted to correlate 6-byte hardware addresses to names. First
the personal ethers file is tried and if an address is not found there the global
ethers file is tried next.
Each line contains one hardware address and name, separated by whitespace. The digits
of the hardware address are separated by colons (:), dashes (-) or periods (.). The
same separator character must be used consistently in an address. The following three
lines are valid lines of an ethers file:
ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff Broadcast
c0-00-ff-ff-ff-ff TR_broadcast
00.00.00.00.00.00 Zero_broadcast
The global ethers file is looked for in the /etc directory on UNIX-compatible systems,
such as Linux, macOS, \*BSD, Solaris, and AIX, and in the main installation directory
(for example, C:\Program Files\Wireshark) on Windows systems.
The personal ethers file is looked for in the same directory as the personal
preferences file.
Capture filter name resolution is handled by libpcap on UNIX-compatible systems and
Npcap or WinPcap on Windows. As such the Wireshark personal ethers file will not be
consulted for capture filter name resolution.
Name Resolution (manuf)
The manuf file is used to match the 3-byte vendor portion of a 6-byte hardware address
with the manufacturer’s name; it can also contain well-known MAC addresses and address
ranges specified with a netmask. The format of the file is the same as the ethers
files, except that entries of the form:
00:00:0C Cisco
can be provided, with the 3-byte OUI and the name for a vendor, and entries such as:
00-00-0C-07-AC/40 All-HSRP-routers
can be specified, with a MAC address and a mask indicating how many bits of the
address must match. The above entry, for example, has 40 significant bits, or 5 bytes,
and would match addresses from 00-00-0C-07-AC-00 through 00-00-0C-07-AC-FF. The mask
need not be a multiple of 8.
The manuf file is looked for in the same directory as the global preferences file.
Name Resolution (services)
The services file is used to translate port numbers into names.
The file has the standard services file syntax; each line contains one (service) name
and one transport identifier separated by white space. The transport identifier
includes one port number and one transport protocol name (typically tcp, udp, or sctp)
separated by a /.
An example is:
mydns 5045/udp # My own Domain Name Server
mydns 5045/tcp # My own Domain Name Server
Name Resolution (ipxnets)
The ipxnets files are used to correlate 4-byte IPX network numbers to names. First the
global ipxnets file is tried and if that address is not found there the personal one
is tried next.
The format is the same as the ethers file, except that each address is four bytes
instead of six. Additionally, the address can be represented as a single hexadecimal
number, as is more common in the IPX world, rather than four hex octets. For example,
these four lines are valid lines of an ipxnets file:
C0.A8.2C.00 HR
c0-a8-1c-00 CEO
00:00:BE:EF IT_Server1
110f FileServer3
The global ipxnets file is looked for in the /etc directory on UNIX-compatible
systems, such as Linux, macOS, \*BSD, Solaris, and AIX, and in the main installation
directory (for example, C:\Program Files\Wireshark) on Windows systems.
The personal ipxnets file is looked for in the same directory as the personal
preferences file.
OUTPUT
TShark uses UTF-8 to represent strings internally. In some cases the output might not be
valid. For example, a dissector might generate invalid UTF-8 character sequences. Programs
reading TShark output should expect UTF-8 and be prepared for invalid output.
If TShark detects that it is writing to a TTY on a UNIX-compatible system, such as Linux,
macOS, \*BSD, Solaris, and AIX, and the locale does not support UTF-8, output will be
re-encoded to match the current locale.
If TShark detects that it is writing to the console on Windows, dissection output will be
encoded as UTF-16LE. Other output will be UTF-8. If extended characters don’t display
properly in your terminal you might try setting your console code page to UTF-8 (chcp
65001) and using a modern terminal application if possible.
ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
WIRESHARK_CONFIG_DIR
This environment variable overrides the location of personal configuration files. On
UNIX-compatible systems, such as Linux, macOS, \*BSD, Solaris, and AIX, it defaults to
$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/wireshark (or, if that directory doesn’t exist but $HOME/.wireshark
does exist, $HOME/.wireshark); this is typically $HOME/.config/wireshark. On Windows,
it defaults to %APPDATA%\Wireshark (or, if %APPDATA% isn’t defined,
%USERPROFILE%\Application Data\Wireshark). Available since Wireshark 3.0.
WIRESHARK_DEBUG_WMEM_OVERRIDE
Setting this environment variable forces the wmem framework to use the specified
allocator backend for all allocations, regardless of which backend is normally
specified by the code. This is mainly useful to developers when testing or debugging.
See README.wmem in the source distribution for details.
WIRESHARK_RUN_FROM_BUILD_DIRECTORY
This environment variable causes the plugins and other data files to be loaded from
the build directory (where the program was compiled) rather than from the standard
locations. It has no effect when the program in question is running with root (or
setuid) permissions on UNIX-compatible systems, such as Linux, macOS, \*BSD, Solaris,
and AIX.
WIRESHARK_DATA_DIR
This environment variable causes the various data files to be loaded from a directory
other than the standard locations. It has no effect when the program in question is
running with root (or setuid) permissions on UNIX-compatible systems.
WIRESHARK_EXTCAP_DIR
This environment variable causes the various extcap programs and scripts to be run
from a directory other than the standard locations. It has no effect when the program
in question is running with root (or setuid) permissions on UNIX-compatible systems.
WIRESHARK_PLUGIN_DIR
This environment variable causes the various plugins to be loaded from a directory
other than the standard locations. It has no effect when the program in question is
running with root (or setuid) permissions on UNIX-compatible systems.
ERF_RECORDS_TO_CHECK
This environment variable controls the number of ERF records checked when deciding if
a file really is in the ERF format. Setting this environment variable a number higher
than the default (20) would make false positives less likely.
IPFIX_RECORDS_TO_CHECK
This environment variable controls the number of IPFIX records checked when deciding
if a file really is in the IPFIX format. Setting this environment variable a number
higher than the default (20) would make false positives less likely.
WIRESHARK_ABORT_ON_DISSECTOR_BUG
If this environment variable is set, TShark will call abort(3) when a dissector bug is
encountered. abort(3) will cause the program to exit abnormally; if you are running
TShark in a debugger, it should halt in the debugger and allow inspection of the
process, and, if you are not running it in a debugger, it will, on some OSes, assuming
your environment is configured correctly, generate a core dump file. This can be
useful to developers attempting to troubleshoot a problem with a protocol dissector.
WIRESHARK_ABORT_ON_TOO_MANY_ITEMS
If this environment variable is set, TShark will call abort(3) if a dissector tries to
add too many items to a tree (generally this is an indication of the dissector not
breaking out of a loop soon enough). abort(3) will cause the program to exit
abnormally; if you are running TShark in a debugger, it should halt in the debugger
and allow inspection of the process, and, if you are not running it in a debugger, it
will, on some OSes, assuming your environment is configured correctly, generate a core
dump file. This can be useful to developers attempting to troubleshoot a problem with
a protocol dissector.
WIRESHARK_LOG_LEVEL
This environment variable controls the verbosity of diagnostic messages to the
console. From less verbose to most verbose levels can be critical, warning, message,
info, debug or noisy. Levels above the current level are also active. Levels critical
and error are always active.
WIRESHARK_LOG_FATAL
Sets the fatal log level. Fatal log levels cause the program to abort. This level can
be set to Error, critical or warning. Error is always fatal and is the default.
WIRESHARK_LOG_DOMAINS
This environment variable selects which log domains are active. The filter is given as
a case-insensitive comma separated list. If set only the included domains will be
enabled. The default domain is always considered to be enabled. Domain filter lists
can be preceded by '!' to invert the sense of the match.
WIRESHARK_LOG_DEBUG
List of domains with debug log level. This sets the level of the provided log domains
and takes precedence over the active domains filter. If preceded by '!' this disables
the debug level instead.
WIRESHARK_LOG_NOISY
Same as above but for noisy log level instead.
SEE ALSO
wireshark-filter(4), wireshark(1), editcap(1), pcap(3), dumpcap(1), text2pcap(1),
mergecap(1), pcap-filter(7) or tcpdump(8)
NOTES
This is the manual page for TShark 4.2.6. TShark is part of the Wireshark distribution.
The latest version of Wireshark can be found at https://www.wireshark.org.
HTML versions of the Wireshark project man pages are available at
https://www.wireshark.org/docs/man-pages.
AUTHORS
TShark uses the same packet dissection code that Wireshark does, as well as using many
other modules from Wireshark; see the list of authors in the Wireshark man page for a list
of authors of that code.
2024-07-11 TSHARK(1)