oracular (3) XML::LibXML::LazyBuilder.3pm.gz
NAME
XML::LibXML::LazyBuilder - easy and lazy way to create XML documents for XML::LibXML
SYNOPSIS
use XML::LibXML::LazyBuilder;
{
package XML::LibXML::LazyBuilder;
$d = DOM (E A => {at1 => "val1", at2 => "val2"},
((E B => {}, ((E "C"),
(E D => {}, "Content of D"))),
(E E => {}, ((E F => {}, "Content of F"),
(E "G")))));
}
DESCRIPTION
This module significantly abridges the overhead of working with XML::LibXML by enabling developers to
write concise, nested structures that evaluate into XML::LibXML objects.
FUNCTIONS
DOM
my $doc = DOM (E $name => \%attr, @children), $var, $enc;
# With defaults, this is shorthand for:
my $doc = E($name => \%attr,
@children)->(XML::LibXML::Document->new);
Generates a "XML::LibXML::Document" object. The first argument is a "CODE" reference created by "E". $var
represents the version in the XML declaration, and $enc is the character encoding, which default to 1.0
and "utf-8", respectively.
E
my $sub = E tagname => \%attr, @children;
my $doc = DOM $sub;
This function returns a "CODE" reference which itself evaluates to an XML::LibXML::Element object. The
function returned from "E" expects an XML::LibXML::Document object as its only argument, which is
conveniently provided by "DOM".
Using "E" with an existing XML document
"E" can also be used to compose the subtree of an existing XML element. Instead of supplying a name as
the first argument of "E", supply an XML::LibXML::Element object. Note, however, that any attributes
present in that object will be overwritten by "\%attr", and the supplied element must be bound to a
document, or the function will croak. This is to ensure that the subtree is connected to the element's
document and not some other document.
As such, any XML::LibXML::Document object passed into the function returned by "E" will be ignored in
favour of the document connected to the supplied element. This also means that "E($elem => \%attr,
@children)->($ignored_dom);" can be called in void context, because it will just return $elem.
# parse an existing XML document
my $doc = XML::LibXML->load_xml(location => 'my.xml');
# find an element of interest
my ($existing) = $doc->findnodes('//some-element[1]');
# prepare the subtree
my $sub = E $existing => \%attr, @children;
# this will overwrite the attributes of $existing and append
# @children to it; normally the document is passed as an argument
# but in this case it would be derived from $existing.
$sub->();
# we also don't care about the output of this function, since it
# will have modified $doc, which we already have access to.
Note as well that members of @children can be XML::LibXML::Node objects.
Namespaces
Qualified element names and namespace declaration attributes will behave largely as expected. This means
that:
E 'foo:bar' => { 'xmlns:foo' => 'urn:x-foo:' }; # ...
...will properly induct the generated element into the "foo" namespace. E attempts to infer the namespace
mapping from the document, so child elements with qualified names will inherit the mapping from their
ancestors.
CAVEAT: When "E" is executed in the context of an element name rather than with an existing
XML::LibXML::Element, the namespace mappings are scanned from the context of the document root, in
document order. This means that the last namespace declaration that appears in the existing document
(depth-first) will occupy the given prefix. When an existing element is passed into "E", the
namespace search begins there and ascends to the root. If you have any concerns about collisions of
namespace declarations, use that form instead.
P
my $sub = P target => { key => 'value' }, @othertext;
This function returns a "CODE" reference which returns a processing instruction. If you pass in a HASH
reference as the first argument, it will be turned into key-value pairs using double-quotes on the
values. This means you have to take care of your own escaping of any double quotes that may be in the
values. The rest of the arguments are concatenated into a string (intended to behave like "print" in
perlfunc, which means if you want spaces between them, you likewise need to add them yourself).
C
my $sub = C @text;
This function creates a "CODE" reference which returns a comment. Again, @text is simply concatenated,
so if you wish to do any additional formatting, do so before passing it in.
D
my $sub = D @text;
This function creates a "CODE" reference which returns a CDATA section. Works identically to "C".
F
my $sub = F @children;
This function creates a "CODE" reference which returns a document fragment. Since "DOM" can only accept a
single node-generating function, it is particularly useful for the following idiom:
my $doc = DOM F(
(P 'xml-stylesheet' => { type => 'text/xsl', href => '/foo.xsl' }),
(E mydoc => {}, @children));
Which produces:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="/foo.xsl"?>
<mydoc>...</mydoc>
DTD
my $sub = DTD $name => $public, $system;
This function creates a "CODE" reference which returns a DTD declaration. Both $public and $system can be
"undef".
EXPORT
None by default.
:all
Exports "E", "P", "C", "D", "F" and "DOM".
EXAMPLES
If you nest your code in braces and use a "package" declaration like so, you can avoid polluting the
calling package's namespace:
my $d;
{
package XML::LibXML::LazyBuilder;
$d = DOM (E A => {at1 => "val1", at2 => "val2"},
((E B => {}, ((E "C"),
(E D => {}, "Content of D"))),
(E E => {}, ((E F => {}, "Content of F"),
(E "G")))));
}
Then, "$d->toString" will generate XML like this:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<A at1="val1" at2="val2"><B><C/><D>Content of D</D></B><E><F>Content of F</F><G/></E></A>
SEE ALSO
XML::LibXML
The Python module lxml.etree <http://lxml.de/tutorial.html>
AUTHOR
Toru Hisai <mailto:toru@torus.jp> Namespace and non-element support by Dorian Taylor <mailto:dorian@cpan.org>
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
Copyright (C) 2008, 2012 by Toru Hisai
This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl
itself, either Perl version 5.10.0 or, at your option, any later version of Perl 5 you may have
available.