Provided by: libguestfs-tools_1.24.5-1ubuntu0.1_amd64 bug

NAME

       guestfish - the guest filesystem shell

SYNOPSIS

        guestfish [--options] [commands]

        guestfish

        guestfish [--ro|--rw] -a disk.img

        guestfish [--ro|--rw] -a disk.img -m dev[:mountpoint]

        guestfish -d libvirt-domain

        guestfish [--ro|--rw] -a disk.img -i

        guestfish -d libvirt-domain -i

WARNING

       Using guestfish in read/write mode on live virtual machines can be dangerous, potentially
       causing disk corruption.  Use the --ro (read-only) option to use guestfish safely if the
       disk image or virtual machine might be live.

DESCRIPTION

       Guestfish is a shell and command-line tool for examining and modifying virtual machine
       filesystems.  It uses libguestfs and exposes all of the functionality of the guestfs API,
       see guestfs(3).

       Guestfish gives you structured access to the libguestfs API, from shell scripts or the
       command line or interactively.  If you want to rescue a broken virtual machine image, you
       should look at the virt-rescue(1) command.

EXAMPLES

   As an interactive shell
        $ guestfish

        Welcome to guestfish, the guest filesystem shell for
        editing virtual machine filesystems.

        Type: 'help' for a list of commands
              'man' to read the manual
              'quit' to quit the shell

        ><fs> add-ro disk.img
        ><fs> run
        ><fs> list-filesystems
        /dev/sda1: ext4
        /dev/vg_guest/lv_root: ext4
        /dev/vg_guest/lv_swap: swap
        ><fs> mount /dev/vg_guest/lv_root /
        ><fs> cat /etc/fstab
        # /etc/fstab
        # Created by anaconda
        [...]
        ><fs> exit

   From shell scripts
       Create a new "/etc/motd" file in a guest or disk image:

        guestfish <<_EOF_
        add disk.img
        run
        mount /dev/vg_guest/lv_root /
        write /etc/motd "Welcome, new users"
        _EOF_

       List the LVM logical volumes in a disk image:

        guestfish -a disk.img --ro <<_EOF_
        run
        lvs
        _EOF_

       List all the filesystems in a disk image:

        guestfish -a disk.img --ro <<_EOF_
        run
        list-filesystems
        _EOF_

   On one command line
       Update "/etc/resolv.conf" in a guest:

        guestfish \
          add disk.img : run : mount /dev/vg_guest/lv_root / : \
          write /etc/resolv.conf "nameserver 1.2.3.4"

       Edit "/boot/grub/grub.conf" interactively:

        guestfish --rw --add disk.img \
          --mount /dev/vg_guest/lv_root \
          --mount /dev/sda1:/boot \
          edit /boot/grub/grub.conf

   Mount disks automatically
       Use the -i option to automatically mount the disks from a virtual machine:

        guestfish --ro -a disk.img -i cat /etc/group

        guestfish --ro -d libvirt-domain -i cat /etc/group

       Another way to edit "/boot/grub/grub.conf" interactively is:

        guestfish --rw -a disk.img -i edit /boot/grub/grub.conf

   As a script interpreter
       Create a 100MB disk containing an ext2-formatted partition:

        #!/usr/bin/guestfish -f
        sparse test1.img 100M
        run
        part-disk /dev/sda mbr
        mkfs ext2 /dev/sda1

   Start with a prepared disk
       An alternate way to create a 100MB disk called "test1.img" containing a single
       ext2-formatted partition:

        guestfish -N fs

       To list what is available do:

        guestfish -N help | less

   Remote drives
       Access a remote disk using ssh:

        guestfish -a ssh://example.com/path/to/disk.img

   Remote control
        eval "`guestfish --listen`"
        guestfish --remote add-ro disk.img
        guestfish --remote run
        guestfish --remote lvs

OPTIONS

       --help
           Displays general help on options.

       -h
       --cmd-help
           Lists all available guestfish commands.

       -h cmd
       --cmd-help cmd
           Displays detailed help on a single command "cmd".

       -a image
       --add image
           Add a block device or virtual machine image to the shell.

           The format of the disk image is auto-detected.  To override this and force a
           particular format use the --format=.. option.

           Using this flag is mostly equivalent to using the "add" command, with "readonly:true"
           if the --ro flag was given, and with "format:..." if the --format=... flag was given.

       -a URI
       --add URI
           Add a remote disk.  See "ADDING REMOTE STORAGE".

       -c URI
       --connect URI
           When used in conjunction with the -d option, this specifies the libvirt URI to use.
           The default is to use the default libvirt connection.

       --csh
           If using the --listen option and a csh-like shell, use this option.  See section
           "REMOTE CONTROL AND CSH" below.

       -d libvirt-domain
       --domain libvirt-domain
           Add disks from the named libvirt domain.  If the --ro option is also used, then any
           libvirt domain can be used.  However in write mode, only libvirt domains which are
           shut down can be named here.

           Domain UUIDs can be used instead of names.

           Using this flag is mostly equivalent to using the "add-domain" command, with
           "readonly:true" if the --ro flag was given, and with "format:..." if the --format=...
           flag was given.

       --echo-keys
           When prompting for keys and passphrases, guestfish normally turns echoing off so you
           cannot see what you are typing.  If you are not worried about Tempest attacks and
           there is no one else in the room you can specify this flag to see what you are typing.

       -f file
       --file file
           Read commands from "file".  To write pure guestfish scripts, use:

            #!/usr/bin/guestfish -f

       --format=raw|qcow2|..
       --format
           The default for the -a option is to auto-detect the format of the disk image.  Using
           this forces the disk format for -a options which follow on the command line.  Using
           --format with no argument switches back to auto-detection for subsequent -a options.

           For example:

            guestfish --format=raw -a disk.img

           forces raw format (no auto-detection) for "disk.img".

            guestfish --format=raw -a disk.img --format -a another.img

           forces raw format (no auto-detection) for "disk.img" and reverts to auto-detection for
           "another.img".

           If you have untrusted raw-format guest disk images, you should use this option to
           specify the disk format.  This avoids a possible security problem with malicious
           guests (CVE-2010-3851).  See also "add".

       -i
       --inspector
           Using virt-inspector(1) code, inspect the disks looking for an operating system and
           mount filesystems as they would be mounted on the real virtual machine.

           Typical usage is either:

            guestfish -d myguest -i

           (for an inactive libvirt domain called myguest), or:

            guestfish --ro -d myguest -i

           (for active domains, readonly), or specify the block device directly:

            guestfish --rw -a /dev/Guests/MyGuest -i

           Note that the command line syntax changed slightly over older versions of guestfish.
           You can still use the old syntax:

            guestfish [--ro] -i disk.img

            guestfish [--ro] -i libvirt-domain

           Using this flag is mostly equivalent to using the "inspect-os" command and then using
           other commands to mount the filesystems that were found.

       --keys-from-stdin
           Read key or passphrase parameters from stdin.  The default is to try to read
           passphrases from the user by opening "/dev/tty".

       --listen
           Fork into the background and listen for remote commands.  See section "REMOTE CONTROL
           GUESTFISH OVER A SOCKET" below.

       --live
           Connect to a live virtual machine.  (Experimental, see "ATTACHING TO RUNNING DAEMONS"
           in guestfs(3)).

       -m dev[:mountpoint[:options[:fstype]]]
       --mount dev[:mountpoint[:options[:fstype]]]
           Mount the named partition or logical volume on the given mountpoint.

           If the mountpoint is omitted, it defaults to "/".

           You have to mount something on "/" before most commands will work.

           If any -m or --mount options are given, the guest is automatically launched.

           If you don't know what filesystems a disk image contains, you can either run guestfish
           without this option, then list the partitions, filesystems and LVs available (see
           "list-partitions", "list-filesystems" and "lvs" commands), or you can use the
           virt-filesystems(1) program.

           The third (and rarely used) part of the mount parameter is the list of mount options
           used to mount the underlying filesystem.  If this is not given, then the mount options
           are either the empty string or "ro" (the latter if the --ro flag is used).  By
           specifying the mount options, you override this default choice.  Probably the only
           time you would use this is to enable ACLs and/or extended attributes if the filesystem
           can support them:

            -m /dev/sda1:/:acl,user_xattr

           Using this flag is equivalent to using the "mount-options" command.

           The fourth part of the parameter is the filesystem driver to use, such as "ext3" or
           "ntfs". This is rarely needed, but can be useful if multiple drivers are valid for a
           filesystem (eg: "ext2" and "ext3"), or if libguestfs misidentifies a filesystem.

       --network
           Enable QEMU user networking in the guest.

       -N [filename=]type
       --new [filename=]type
       -N help
           Prepare a fresh disk image formatted as "type".  This is an alternative to the -a
           option: whereas -a adds an existing disk, -N creates a preformatted disk with a
           filesystem and adds it.  See "PREPARED DISK IMAGES" below.

       -n
       --no-sync
           Disable autosync.  This is enabled by default.  See the discussion of autosync in the
           guestfs(3) manpage.

       --no-dest-paths
           Don't tab-complete paths on the guest filesystem.  It is useful to be able to hit the
           tab key to complete paths on the guest filesystem, but this causes extra "hidden"
           guestfs calls to be made, so this option is here to allow this feature to be disabled.

       --pipe-error
           If writes fail to pipe commands (see "PIPES" below), then the command returns an
           error.

           The default (also for historical reasons) is to ignore such errors so that:

            ><fs> command_with_lots_of_output | head

           doesn't give an error.

       --progress-bars
           Enable progress bars, even when guestfish is used non-interactively.

           Progress bars are enabled by default when guestfish is used as an interactive shell.

       --no-progress-bars
           Disable progress bars.

       --remote[=pid]
           Send remote commands to $GUESTFISH_PID or "pid".  See section "REMOTE CONTROL
           GUESTFISH OVER A SOCKET" below.

       -r
       --ro
           This changes the -a, -d and -m options so that disks are added and mounts are done
           read-only.

           The option must always be used if the disk image or virtual machine might be running,
           and is generally recommended in cases where you don't need write access to the disk.

           Note that prepared disk images created with -N are not affected by this option.  Also
           commands like "add" are not affected - you have to specify the "readonly:true" option
           explicitly if you need it.

           See also "OPENING DISKS FOR READ AND WRITE" below.

       --selinux
           Enable SELinux support for the guest.  See "SELINUX" in guestfs(3).

       -v
       --verbose
           Enable very verbose messages.  This is particularly useful if you find a bug.

       -V
       --version
           Display the guestfish / libguestfs version number and exit.

       -w
       --rw
           This changes the -a, -d and -m options so that disks are added and mounts are done
           read-write.

           See "OPENING DISKS FOR READ AND WRITE" below.

       -x  Echo each command before executing it.

COMMANDS ON COMMAND LINE

       Any additional (non-option) arguments are treated as commands to execute.

       Commands to execute should be separated by a colon (":"), where the colon is a separate
       parameter.  Thus:

        guestfish cmd [args...] : cmd [args...] : cmd [args...] ...

       If there are no additional arguments, then we enter a shell, either an interactive shell
       with a prompt (if the input is a terminal) or a non-interactive shell.

       In either command line mode or non-interactive shell, the first command that gives an
       error causes the whole shell to exit.  In interactive mode (with a prompt) if a command
       fails, you can continue to enter commands.

USING launch (OR run)

       As with guestfs(3), you must first configure your guest by adding disks, then launch it,
       then mount any disks you need, and finally issue actions/commands.  So the general order
       of the day is:

       •   add or -a/--add

       •   launch (aka run)

       •   mount or -m/--mount

       •   any other commands

       "run" is a synonym for "launch".  You must "launch" (or "run") your guest before mounting
       or performing any other commands.

       The only exception is that if any of the -i, -m, --mount, -N or --new options were given
       then "run" is done automatically, simply because guestfish can't perform the action you
       asked for without doing this.

OPENING DISKS FOR READ AND WRITE

       The guestfish, guestmount(1) and virt-rescue(1) options --ro and --rw affect whether the
       other command line options -a, -c, -d, -i and -m open disk images read-only or for
       writing.

       In libguestfs ≤ 1.10, guestfish, guestmount and virt-rescue defaulted to opening disk
       images supplied on the command line for write.  To open a disk image read-only you have to
       do -a image --ro.

       This matters: If you accidentally open a live VM disk image writable then you will cause
       irreversible disk corruption.

       In a future libguestfs we intend to change the default the other way.  Disk images will be
       opened read-only.  You will have to either specify guestfish --rw, guestmount --rw, virt-
       rescue --rw, or change the configuration file "/etc/libguestfs-tools.conf" in order to get
       write access for disk images specified by those other command line options.

       This version of guestfish, guestmount and virt-rescue has a --rw option which does nothing
       (it is already the default).  However it is highly recommended that you use this option to
       indicate that you need write access, and prepare your scripts for the day when this option
       will be required for write access.

       Note: This does not affect commands like "add" and "mount", or any other libguestfs
       program apart from guestfish and guestmount.

QUOTING

       You can quote ordinary parameters using either single or double quotes.  For example:

        add "file with a space.img"

        rm '/file name'

        rm '/"'

       A few commands require a list of strings to be passed.  For these, use a whitespace-
       separated list, enclosed in quotes.  Strings containing whitespace to be passed through
       must be enclosed in single quotes.  A literal single quote must be escaped with a
       backslash.

        vgcreate VG "/dev/sda1 /dev/sdb1"
        command "/bin/echo 'foo      bar'"
        command "/bin/echo \'foo\'"

   ESCAPE SEQUENCES IN DOUBLE QUOTED ARGUMENTS
       In double-quoted arguments (only) use backslash to insert special characters:

       "\a"
           Alert (bell) character.

       "\b"
           Backspace character.

       "\f"
           Form feed character.

       "\n"
           Newline character.

       "\r"
           Carriage return character.

       "\t"
           Horizontal tab character.

       "\v"
           Vertical tab character.

       "\""
           A literal double quote character.

       "\ooo"
           A character with octal value ooo.  There must be precisely 3 octal digits (unlike C).

       "\xhh"
           A character with hex value hh.  There must be precisely 2 hex digits.

           In the current implementation "\000" and "\x00" cannot be used in strings.

       "\\"
           A literal backslash character.

OPTIONAL ARGUMENTS

       Some commands take optional arguments.  These arguments appear in this documentation as
       "[argname:..]".  You can use them as in these examples:

        add filename

        add filename readonly:true

        add filename format:qcow2 readonly:false

       Each optional argument can appear at most once.  All optional arguments must appear after
       the required ones.

NUMBERS

       This section applies to all commands which can take integers as parameters.

   SIZE SUFFIX
       When the command takes a parameter measured in bytes, you can use one of the following
       suffixes to specify kilobytes, megabytes and larger sizes:

       k or K or KiB
           The size in kilobytes (multiplied by 1024).

       KB  The size in SI 1000 byte units.

       M or MiB
           The size in megabytes (multiplied by 1048576).

       MB  The size in SI 1000000 byte units.

       G or GiB
           The size in gigabytes (multiplied by 2**30).

       GB  The size in SI 10**9 byte units.

       T or TiB
           The size in terabytes (multiplied by 2**40).

       TB  The size in SI 10**12 byte units.

       P or PiB
           The size in petabytes (multiplied by 2**50).

       PB  The size in SI 10**15 byte units.

       E or EiB
           The size in exabytes (multiplied by 2**60).

       EB  The size in SI 10**18 byte units.

       Z or ZiB
           The size in zettabytes (multiplied by 2**70).

       ZB  The size in SI 10**21 byte units.

       Y or YiB
           The size in yottabytes (multiplied by 2**80).

       YB  The size in SI 10**24 byte units.

       For example:

        truncate-size /file 1G

       would truncate the file to 1 gigabyte.

       Be careful because a few commands take sizes in kilobytes or megabytes (eg. the parameter
       to "memsize" is specified in megabytes already).  Adding a suffix will probably not do
       what you expect.

   OCTAL AND HEXADECIMAL NUMBERS
       For specifying the radix (base) use the C convention: 0 to prefix an octal number or "0x"
       to prefix a hexadecimal number.  For example:

        1234      decimal number 1234
        02322     octal number, equivalent to decimal 1234
        0x4d2     hexadecimal number, equivalent to decimal 1234

       When using the "chmod" command, you almost always want to specify an octal number for the
       mode, and you must prefix it with 0 (unlike the Unix chmod(1) program):

        chmod 0777 /public  # OK
        chmod 777 /public   # WRONG! This is mode 777 decimal = 01411 octal.

       Commands that return numbers usually print them in decimal, but some commands print
       numbers in other radices (eg. "umask" prints the mode in octal, preceded by 0).

WILDCARDS AND GLOBBING

       Neither guestfish nor the underlying guestfs API performs wildcard expansion (globbing) by
       default.  So for example the following will not do what you expect:

        rm-rf /home/*

       Assuming you don't have a directory called literally "/home/*" then the above command will
       return an error.

       To perform wildcard expansion, use the "glob" command.

        glob rm-rf /home/*

       runs "rm-rf" on each path that matches (ie. potentially running the command many times),
       equivalent to:

        rm-rf /home/jim
        rm-rf /home/joe
        rm-rf /home/mary

       "glob" only works on simple guest paths and not on device names.

       If you have several parameters, each containing a wildcard, then glob will perform a
       Cartesian product.

COMMENTS

       Any line which starts with a # character is treated as a comment and ignored.  The # can
       optionally be preceded by whitespace, but not by a command.  For example:

        # this is a comment
                # this is a comment
        foo # NOT a comment

       Blank lines are also ignored.

RUNNING COMMANDS LOCALLY

       Any line which starts with a ! character is treated as a command sent to the local shell
       ("/bin/sh" or whatever system(3) uses).  For example:

        !mkdir local
        tgz-out /remote local/remote-data.tar.gz

       will create a directory "local" on the host, and then export the contents of "/remote" on
       the mounted filesystem to "local/remote-data.tar.gz".  (See "tgz-out").

       To change the local directory, use the "lcd" command.  "!cd" will have no effect, due to
       the way that subprocesses work in Unix.

   LOCAL COMMANDS WITH INLINE EXECUTION
       If a line starts with <! then the shell command is executed (as for !), but subsequently
       any output (stdout) of the shell command is parsed and executed as guestfish commands.

       Thus you can use shell script to construct arbitrary guestfish commands which are then
       parsed by guestfish.

       For example it is tedious to create a sequence of files (eg. "/foo.1" through "/foo.100")
       using guestfish commands alone.  However this is simple if we use a shell script to create
       the guestfish commands for us:

        <! for n in `seq 1 100`; do echo write /foo.$n $n; done

       or with names like "/foo.001":

        <! for n in `seq 1 100`; do printf "write /foo.%03d %d\n" $n $n; done

       When using guestfish interactively it can be helpful to just run the shell script first
       (ie. remove the initial "<" character so it is just an ordinary ! local command), see what
       guestfish commands it would run, and when you are happy with those prepend the "<"
       character to run the guestfish commands for real.

PIPES

       Use "command <space> | command" to pipe the output of the first command (a guestfish
       command) to the second command (any host command).  For example:

        cat /etc/passwd | awk -F: '$3 == 0 { print }'

       (where "cat" is the guestfish cat command, but "awk" is the host awk program).  The above
       command would list all accounts in the guest filesystem which have UID 0, ie. root
       accounts including backdoors.  Other examples:

        hexdump /bin/ls | head
        list-devices | tail -1
        tgz-out / - | tar ztf -

       The space before the pipe symbol is required, any space after the pipe symbol is optional.
       Everything after the pipe symbol is just passed straight to the host shell, so it can
       contain redirections, globs and anything else that makes sense on the host side.

       To use a literal argument which begins with a pipe symbol, you have to quote it, eg:

        echo "|"

HOME DIRECTORIES

       If a parameter starts with the character "~" then the tilde may be expanded as a home
       directory path (either "~" for the current user's home directory, or "~user" for another
       user).

       Note that home directory expansion happens for users known on the host, not in the guest
       filesystem.

       To use a literal argument which begins with a tilde, you have to quote it, eg:

        echo "~"

ENCRYPTED DISKS

       Libguestfs has some support for Linux guests encrypted according to the Linux Unified Key
       Setup (LUKS) standard, which includes nearly all whole disk encryption systems used by
       modern Linux guests.  Currently only LVM-on-LUKS is supported.

       Identify encrypted block devices and partitions using "vfs-type":

        ><fs> vfs-type /dev/sda2
        crypto_LUKS

       Then open those devices using "luks-open".  This creates a device-mapper device called
       "/dev/mapper/luksdev".

        ><fs> luks-open /dev/sda2 luksdev
        Enter key or passphrase ("key"): <enter the passphrase>

       Finally you have to tell LVM to scan for volume groups on the newly created mapper device:

        vgscan
        vg-activate-all true

       The logical volume(s) can now be mounted in the usual way.

       Before closing a LUKS device you must unmount any logical volumes on it and deactivate the
       volume groups by calling "vg-activate false VG" on each one.  Then you can close the
       mapper device:

        vg-activate false /dev/VG
        luks-close /dev/mapper/luksdev

WINDOWS PATHS

       If a path is prefixed with "win:" then you can use Windows-style drive letters and paths
       (with some limitations).  The following commands are equivalent:

        file /WINDOWS/system32/config/system.LOG

        file win:\windows\system32\config\system.log

        file WIN:C:\Windows\SYSTEM32\CONFIG\SYSTEM.LOG

       The parameter is rewritten "behind the scenes" by looking up the position where the drive
       is mounted, prepending that to the path, changing all backslash characters to forward
       slash, then resolving the result using "case-sensitive-path".  For example if the E: drive
       was mounted on "/e" then the parameter might be rewritten like this:

        win:e:\foo\bar => /e/FOO/bar

       This only works in argument positions that expect a path.

UPLOADING AND DOWNLOADING FILES

       For commands such as "upload", "download", "tar-in", "tar-out" and others which upload
       from or download to a local file, you can use the special filename "-" to mean "from
       stdin" or "to stdout".  For example:

        upload - /foo

       reads stdin and creates from that a file "/foo" in the disk image, and:

        tar-out /etc - | tar tf -

       writes the tarball to stdout and then pipes that into the external "tar" command (see
       "PIPES").

       When using "-" to read from stdin, the input is read up to the end of stdin.  You can also
       use a special "heredoc"-like syntax to read up to some arbitrary end marker:

        upload -<<END /foo
        input line 1
        input line 2
        input line 3
        END

       Any string of characters can be used instead of "END".  The end marker must appear on a
       line of its own, without any preceding or following characters (not even spaces).

       Note that the "-<<" syntax only applies to parameters used to upload local files (so-
       called "FileIn" parameters in the generator).

EXIT ON ERROR BEHAVIOUR

       By default, guestfish will ignore any errors when in interactive mode (ie. taking commands
       from a human over a tty), and will exit on the first error in non-interactive mode
       (scripts, commands given on the command line).

       If you prefix a command with a - character, then that command will not cause guestfish to
       exit, even if that (one) command returns an error.

REMOTE CONTROL GUESTFISH OVER A SOCKET

       Guestfish can be remote-controlled over a socket.  This is useful particularly in shell
       scripts where you want to make several different changes to a filesystem, but you don't
       want the overhead of starting up a guestfish process each time.

       Start a guestfish server process using:

        eval "`guestfish --listen`"

       and then send it commands by doing:

        guestfish --remote cmd [...]

       To cause the server to exit, send it the exit command:

        guestfish --remote exit

       Note that the server will normally exit if there is an error in a command.  You can change
       this in the usual way.  See section "EXIT ON ERROR BEHAVIOUR".

   CONTROLLING MULTIPLE GUESTFISH PROCESSES
       The "eval" statement sets the environment variable $GUESTFISH_PID, which is how the
       --remote option knows where to send the commands.  You can have several guestfish listener
       processes running using:

        eval "`guestfish --listen`"
        pid1=$GUESTFISH_PID
        eval "`guestfish --listen`"
        pid2=$GUESTFISH_PID
        ...
        guestfish --remote=$pid1 cmd
        guestfish --remote=$pid2 cmd

   REMOTE CONTROL AND CSH
       When using csh-like shells (csh, tcsh etc) you have to add the --csh option:

        eval "`guestfish --listen --csh`"

   REMOTE CONTROL DETAILS
       Remote control happens over a Unix domain socket called
       "/tmp/.guestfish-$UID/socket-$PID", where $UID is the effective user ID of the process,
       and $PID is the process ID of the server.

       Guestfish client and server versions must match exactly.

       Older versions of guestfish were vulnerable to CVE-2013-4419 (see "CVE-2013-4419" in
       guestfs(3)).  This is fixed in the current version.

   USING REMOTE CONTROL ROBUSTLY FROM SHELL SCRIPTS
       From Bash, you can use the following code which creates a guestfish instance, correctly
       quotes the command line, handles failure to start, and cleans up guestfish when the script
       exits:

        #!/bin/bash -

        set -e

        guestfish[0]="guestfish"
        guestfish[1]="--listen"
        guestfish[2]="--ro"
        guestfish[3]="-a"
        guestfish[4]="disk.img"

        GUESTFISH_PID=
        eval $("${guestfish[@]}")
        if [ -z "$GUESTFISH_PID" ]; then
            echo "error: guestfish didn't start up, see error messages above"
            exit 1
        fi

        cleanup_guestfish ()
        {
            guestfish --remote -- exit >/dev/null 2>&1 ||:
        }
        trap cleanup_guestfish EXIT ERR

        guestfish --remote -- run

        # ...

   REMOTE CONTROL DOES NOT WORK WITH -a ETC. OPTIONS
       Options such as -a, --add, -N, --new etc don't interact properly with remote support.
       They are processed locally, and not sent through to the remote guestfish.  In particular
       this won't do what you expect:

        guestfish --remote --add disk.img

       Don't use these options.  Use the equivalent commands instead, eg:

        guestfish --remote add-drive disk.img

       or:

        guestfish --remote
        ><fs> add disk.img

   REMOTE CONTROL RUN COMMAND HANGING
       Using the "run" (or "launch") command remotely in a command substitution context hangs,
       ie. don't do (note the backquotes):

        a=`guestfish --remote run`

       Since the "run" command produces no output on stdout, this is not useful anyway.  For
       further information see https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=592910.

PREPARED DISK IMAGES

       Use the -N [filename=]type or --new [filename=]type parameter to select one of a set of
       preformatted disk images that guestfish can make for you to save typing.  This is
       particularly useful for testing purposes.  This option is used instead of the -a option,
       and like -a can appear multiple times (and can be mixed with -a).

       The new disk is called "test1.img" for the first -N, "test2.img" for the second and so on.
       Existing files in the current directory are overwritten.  You can use a different filename
       by specifying "filename=" before the type (see examples below).

       The type briefly describes how the disk should be sized, partitioned, how filesystem(s)
       should be created, and how content should be added.  Optionally the type can be followed
       by extra parameters, separated by ":" (colon) characters.  For example, -N fs creates a
       default 100MB, sparsely-allocated disk, containing a single partition, with the partition
       formatted as ext2.  -N fs:ext4:1G is the same, but for an ext4 filesystem on a 1GB disk
       instead.

       Note that the prepared filesystem is not mounted.  You would usually have to use the
       "mount /dev/sda1 /" command or add the -m /dev/sda1 option.

       If any -N or --new options are given, the libguestfs appliance is automatically launched.

   EXAMPLES
       Create a 100MB disk with an ext4-formatted partition, called "test1.img" in the current
       directory:

        guestfish -N fs:ext4

       Create a 32MB disk with a VFAT-formatted partition, and mount it:

        guestfish -N fs:vfat:32M -m /dev/sda1

       Create a blank 200MB disk:

        guestfish -N disk:200M

       Create a blank 200MB disk called "blankdisk.img" (instead of "test1.img"):

        guestfish -N blankdisk.img=disk:200M

   -N disk - create a blank disk
       "guestfish -N [filename=]disk[:size]"

       Create a blank disk, size 100MB (by default).

       The default size can be changed by supplying an optional parameter.

       The optional parameters are:

        Name          Default value
        size          100M          the size of the disk image

   -N part - create a partitioned disk
       "guestfish -N [filename=]part[:size[:partition]]"

       Create a disk with a single partition.  By default the size of the disk is 100MB (the
       available space in the partition will be a tiny bit smaller) and the partition table will
       be MBR (old DOS-style).

       These defaults can be changed by supplying optional parameters.

       The optional parameters are:

        Name          Default value
        size          100M          the size of the disk image
        partition     mbr           partition table type

   -N fs - create a filesystem
       "guestfish -N [filename=]fs[:filesystem[:size[:partition]]]"

       Create a disk with a single partition, with the partition containing an empty filesystem.
       This defaults to creating a 100MB disk (the available space in the filesystem will be a
       tiny bit smaller) with an MBR (old DOS-style) partition table and an ext2 filesystem.

       These defaults can be changed by supplying optional parameters.

       The optional parameters are:

        Name          Default value
        filesystem    ext2          the type of filesystem to use
        size          100M          the size of the disk image
        partition     mbr           partition table type

   -N lv - create a disk with logical volume
       "guestfish -N [filename=]lv[:name[:size[:partition]]]"

       Create a disk with a single partition, set up the partition as an LVM2 physical volume,
       and place a volume group and logical volume on there.  This defaults to creating a 100MB
       disk with the VG and LV called "/dev/VG/LV".  You can change the name of the VG and LV by
       supplying an alternate name as the first optional parameter.

       Note this does not create a filesystem.  Use 'lvfs' to do that.

       The optional parameters are:

        Name          Default value
        name          /dev/VG/LV    the name of the VG and LV to use
        size          100M          the size of the disk image
        partition     mbr           partition table type

   -N lvfs - create a disk with logical volume and filesystem
       "guestfish -N [filename=]lvfs[:name[:filesystem[:size[:partition]]]]"

       Create a disk with a single partition, set up the partition as an LVM2 physical volume,
       and place a volume group and logical volume on there.  Then format the LV with a
       filesystem.  This defaults to creating a 100MB disk with the VG and LV called
       "/dev/VG/LV", with an ext2 filesystem.

       The optional parameters are:

        Name          Default value
        name          /dev/VG/LV    the name of the VG and LV to use
        filesystem    ext2          the type of filesystem to use
        size          100M          the size of the disk image
        partition     mbr           partition table type

   -N bootroot - create a boot and root filesystem
       "guestfish -N [filename=]bootroot[:bootfs[:rootfs[:size[:bootsize[:partition]]]]]"

       Create a disk with two partitions, for boot and root filesystem.  Format the two
       filesystems independently.  There are several optional parameters which control the exact
       layout and filesystem types.

       The optional parameters are:

        Name          Default value
        bootfs        ext2          the type of filesystem to use for boot
        rootfs        ext2          the type of filesystem to use for root
        size          100M          the size of the disk image
        bootsize      32M           the size of the boot filesystem
        partition     mbr           partition table type

   -N bootrootlv - create a boot and root filesystem using LVM
       "guestfish -N
       [filename=]bootrootlv[:name[:bootfs[:rootfs[:size[:bootsize[:partition]]]]]]"

       This is the same as "bootroot" but the root filesystem (only) is placed on a logical
       volume, named by default "/dev/VG/LV".  There are several optional parameters which
       control the exact layout.

       The optional parameters are:

        Name          Default value
        name          /dev/VG/LV    the name of the VG and LV for root
        bootfs        ext2          the type of filesystem to use for boot
        rootfs        ext2          the type of filesystem to use for root
        size          100M          the size of the disk image
        bootsize      32M           the size of the boot filesystem
        partition     mbr           partition table type

ADDING REMOTE STORAGE

       For API-level documentation on this topic, see "guestfs_add_drive_opts" in guestfs(3) and
       "REMOTE STORAGE" in guestfs(3).

       On the command line, you can use the -a option to add network block devices using a URI-
       style format, for example:

        guestfish -a ssh://root@example.com/disk.img

       URIs cannot be used with the "add" command.  The equivalent command using the API directly
       is:

        ><fs> add /disk.img protocol:ssh server:tcp:example.com username:root

       The possible -a URI formats are described below.

   -a disk.img
   -a file:///path/to/disk.img
       Add the local disk image (or device) called "disk.img".

   -a ftp://[user@]example.com[:port]/disk.img
   -a ftps://[user@]example.com[:port]/disk.img
   -a http://[user@]example.com[:port]/disk.img
   -a https://[user@]example.com[:port]/disk.img
   -a tftp://[user@]example.com[:port]/disk.img
       Add a disk located on a remote FTP, HTTP or TFTP server.

       The equivalent API command would be:

        ><fs> add /disk.img protocol:(ftp|...) server:tcp:example.com

   -a gluster://example.com[:port]/disk
       Add a disk image located on GlusterFS storage.

       The server is the one running "glusterd", and may be "localhost".

       The equivalent API command would be:

        ><fs> add /disk protocol:gluster server:tcp:example.com

   -a iscsi://example.com[:port]/target-iqn-name[/lun]
       Add a disk located on an iSCSI server.

       The equivalent API command would be:

        ><fs> add /target-iqn-name/lun protocol:iscsi server:tcp:example.com

   -a nbd://example.com[:port]
   -a nbd://example.com[:port]/exportname
   -a nbd://?socket=/socket
   -a nbd:///exportname?socket=/socket
       Add a disk located on Network Block Device (nbd) storage.

       The /exportname part of the URI specifies an NBD export name, but is usually left empty.

       The optional ?socket parameter can be used to specify a Unix domain socket that we talk to
       the NBD server over.  Note that you cannot mix server name (ie. TCP/IP) and socket path.

       The equivalent API command would be (no export name):

        ><fs> add "" protocol:nbd server:[tcp:example.com|unix:/socket]

   -a rbd://example.com[:port]/disk
       Add a disk image located on a Ceph (RBD/librbd) storage volume.

       Although libguestfs and Ceph supports multiple servers, only a single server can be
       specified when using this URI syntax.

       The equivalent API command would be:

        ><fs> add /disk protocol:rbd server:tcp:example.com

   -a sheepdog://[example.com[:port]]/volume/image
       Add a disk image located on a Sheepdog volume.

       The server name is optional.  Although libguestfs and Sheepdog supports multiple servers,
       only at most one server can be specified when using this URI syntax.

       The equivalent API command would be:

        ><fs> add /disk protocol:sheepdog [server:tcp:example.com]

   -a ssh://[user@]example.com[:port]/disk.img
       Add a disk image located on a remote server, accessed using the Secure Shell (ssh) SFTP
       protocol.  SFTP is supported out of the box by all major SSH servers.

       The equivalent API command would be:

        ><fs> add /disk protocol:ssh server:tcp:example.com [username:user]

PROGRESS BARS

       Some (not all) long-running commands send progress notification messages as they are
       running.  Guestfish turns these messages into progress bars.

       When a command that supports progress bars takes longer than two seconds to run, and if
       progress bars are enabled, then you will see one appearing below the command:

        ><fs> copy-size /large-file /another-file 2048M
        / 10% [#####-----------------------------------------] 00:30

       The spinner on the left hand side moves round once for every progress notification
       received from the backend.  This is a (reasonably) golden assurance that the command is
       "doing something" even if the progress bar is not moving, because the command is able to
       send the progress notifications.  When the bar reaches 100% and the command finishes, the
       spinner disappears.

       Progress bars are enabled by default when guestfish is used interactively.  You can enable
       them even for non-interactive modes using --progress-bars, and you can disable them
       completely using --no-progress-bars.

PROMPT

       You can change or add colours to the default prompt ("><fs>") by setting the
       "GUESTFISH_PS1" environment variable.  A simple prompt can be set by setting this to an
       alternate string:

        $ GUESTFISH_PS1='(type a command) '
        $ export GUESTFISH_PS1
        $ guestfish
        [...]
        (type a command) ▂

       You can also use special escape sequences, as described in the table below:

       \\  A literal backslash character.

       \[
       \]  Place non-printing characters (eg. terminal control codes for colours) between
           "\[...\]".  What this does it to tell the readline(3) library that it should treat
           this subsequence as zero-width, so that command-line redisplay, editing etc works.

       \a  A bell character.

       \e  An ASCII ESC (escape) character.

       \n  A newline.

       \r  A carriage return.

       \NNN
           The ASCII character whose code is the octal value NNN.

       \xNN
           The ASCII character whose code is the hex value NN.

   EXAMPLES OF PROMPTS
       Note these these require a terminal that supports ANSI escape codes.

        GUESTFISH_PS1='\[\e[1;30m\]><fs>\[\e[0;30m\] '

       A bold black version of the ordinary prompt.

WINDOWS 8

       Windows 8 "fast startup" can prevent guestfish from mounting NTFS partitions.  See
       "WINDOWS HIBERNATION AND WINDOWS 8 FAST STARTUP" in guestfs(3).

GUESTFISH COMMANDS

       The commands in this section are guestfish convenience commands, in other words, they are
       not part of the guestfs(3) API.

   help
        help
        help cmd

       Without any parameter, this provides general help.

       With a "cmd" parameter, this displays detailed help for that command.

   exit
   quit
       This exits guestfish.  You can also use "^D" key.

   alloc
   allocate
        alloc filename size

       This creates an empty (zeroed) file of the given size, and then adds so it can be further
       examined.

       For more advanced image creation, see qemu-img(1) utility.

       Size can be specified using standard suffixes, eg. "1M".

       To create a sparse file, use "sparse" instead.  To create a prepared disk image, see
       "PREPARED DISK IMAGES".

   copy-in
        copy-in local [local ...] /remotedir

       "copy-in" copies local files or directories recursively into the disk image, placing them
       in the directory called "/remotedir" (which must exist).  This guestfish meta-command
       turns into a sequence of "tar-in" and other commands as necessary.

       Multiple local files and directories can be specified, but the last parameter must always
       be a remote directory.  Wildcards cannot be used.

   copy-out
        copy-out remote [remote ...] localdir

       "copy-out" copies remote files or directories recursively out of the disk image, placing
       them on the host disk in a local directory called "localdir" (which must exist).  This
       guestfish meta-command turns into a sequence of "download", "tar-out" and other commands
       as necessary.

       Multiple remote files and directories can be specified, but the last parameter must always
       be a local directory.  To download to the current directory, use "." as in:

        copy-out /home .

       Wildcards cannot be used in the ordinary command, but you can use them with the help of
       "glob" like this:

        glob copy-out /home/* .

   delete-event
        delete-event name

       Delete the event handler which was previously registered as "name".  If multiple event
       handlers were registered with the same name, they are all deleted.

       See also the guestfish commands "event" and "list-events".

   display
        display filename

       Use "display" (a graphical display program) to display an image file.  It downloads the
       file, and runs "display" on it.

       To use an alternative program, set the "GUESTFISH_DISPLAY_IMAGE" environment variable.
       For example to use the GNOME display program:

        export GUESTFISH_DISPLAY_IMAGE=eog

       See also display(1).

   echo
        echo [params ...]

       This echos the parameters to the terminal.

   edit
   vi
   emacs
        edit filename

       This is used to edit a file.  It downloads the file, edits it locally using your editor,
       then uploads the result.

       The editor is $EDITOR.  However if you use the alternate commands "vi" or "emacs" you will
       get those corresponding editors.

   event
        event name eventset "shell script ..."

       Register a shell script fragment which is executed when an event is raised.  See
       "guestfs_set_event_callback" in guestfs(3) for a discussion of the event API in
       libguestfs.

       The "name" parameter is a name that you give to this event handler.  It can be any string
       (even the empty string) and is simply there so you can delete the handler using the
       guestfish "delete-event" command.

       The "eventset" parameter is a comma-separated list of one or more events, for example
       "close" or "close,trace".  The special value "*" means all events.

       The third and final parameter is the shell script fragment (or any external command) that
       is executed when any of the events in the eventset occurs.  It is executed using "$SHELL
       -c", or if $SHELL is not set then "/bin/sh -c".

       The shell script fragment receives callback parameters as arguments $1, $2 etc.  The
       actual event that was called is available in the environment variable $EVENT.

        event "" close "echo closed"
        event messages appliance,library,trace "echo $@"
        event "" progress "echo progress: $3/$4"
        event "" * "echo $EVENT $@"

       See also the guestfish commands "delete-event" and "list-events".

   glob
        glob command args...

       Expand wildcards in any paths in the args list, and run "command" repeatedly on each
       matching path.

       See "WILDCARDS AND GLOBBING".

   hexedit
        hexedit <filename|device>
        hexedit <filename|device> <max>
        hexedit <filename|device> <start> <max>

       Use hexedit (a hex editor) to edit all or part of a binary file or block device.

       This command works by downloading potentially the whole file or device, editing it
       locally, then uploading it.  If the file or device is large, you have to specify which
       part you wish to edit by using "max" and/or "start" "max" parameters.  "start" and "max"
       are specified in bytes, with the usual modifiers allowed such as "1M" (1 megabyte).

       For example to edit the first few sectors of a disk you might do:

        hexedit /dev/sda 1M

       which would allow you to edit anywhere within the first megabyte of the disk.

       To edit the superblock of an ext2 filesystem on "/dev/sda1", do:

        hexedit /dev/sda1 0x400 0x400

       (assuming the superblock is in the standard location).

       This command requires the external hexedit(1) program.  You can specify another program to
       use by setting the "HEXEDITOR" environment variable.

       See also "hexdump".

   lcd
        lcd directory

       Change the local directory, ie. the current directory of guestfish itself.

       Note that "!cd" won't do what you might expect.

   list-events
        list-events

       List the event handlers registered using the guestfish "event" command.

   man
   manual
         man

       Opens the manual page for guestfish.

   more
   less
        more filename

        less filename

       This is used to view a file.

       The default viewer is $PAGER.  However if you use the alternate command "less" you will
       get the "less" command specifically.

   reopen
         reopen

       Close and reopen the libguestfs handle.  It is not necessary to use this normally, because
       the handle is closed properly when guestfish exits.  However this is occasionally useful
       for testing.

   setenv
         setenv VAR value

       Set the environment variable "VAR" to the string "value".

       To print the value of an environment variable use a shell command such as:

        !echo $VAR

   sparse
        sparse filename size

       This creates an empty sparse file of the given size, and then adds so it can be further
       examined.

       In all respects it works the same as the "alloc" command, except that the image file is
       allocated sparsely, which means that disk blocks are not assigned to the file until they
       are needed.  Sparse disk files only use space when written to, but they are slower and
       there is a danger you could run out of real disk space during a write operation.

       For more advanced image creation, see qemu-img(1) utility.

       Size can be specified using standard suffixes, eg. "1M".

       See also the guestfish "scratch" command.

   supported
        supported

       This command returns a list of the optional groups known to the daemon, and indicates
       which ones are supported by this build of the libguestfs appliance.

       See also "AVAILABILITY" in guestfs(3).

   time
        time command args...

       Run the command as usual, but print the elapsed time afterwards.  This can be useful for
       benchmarking operations.

   unsetenv
         unsetenv VAR

       Remove "VAR" from the environment.

COMMANDS

   acl-delete-def-file
        acl-delete-def-file dir

       This function deletes the default POSIX Access Control List (ACL) attached to directory
       "dir".

   acl-get-file
        acl-get-file path acltype

       This function returns the POSIX Access Control List (ACL) attached to "path".  The ACL is
       returned in "long text form" (see acl(5)).

       The "acltype" parameter may be:

       "access"
           Return the ordinary (access) ACL for any file, directory or other filesystem object.

       "default"
           Return the default ACL.  Normally this only makes sense if "path" is a directory.

   acl-set-file
        acl-set-file path acltype acl

       This function sets the POSIX Access Control List (ACL) attached to "path".

       The "acltype" parameter may be:

       "access"
           Set the ordinary (access) ACL for any file, directory or other filesystem object.

       "default"
           Set the default ACL.  Normally this only makes sense if "path" is a directory.

       The "acl" parameter is the new ACL in either "long text form" or "short text form" (see
       acl(5)).  The new ACL completely replaces any previous ACL on the file.  The ACL must
       contain the full Unix permissions (eg. "u::rwx,g::rx,o::rx").

       If you are specifying individual users or groups, then the mask field is also required
       (eg. "m::rwx"), followed by the "u:ID:..." and/or "g:ID:..." field(s).  A full ACL string
       might therefore look like this:

        u::rwx,g::rwx,o::rwx,m::rwx,u:500:rwx,g:500:rwx
        \ Unix permissions / \mask/ \      ACL        /

       You should use numeric UIDs and GIDs.  To map usernames and groupnames to the correct
       numeric ID in the context of the guest, use the Augeas functions (see "aug-init").

   add-cdrom
        add-cdrom filename

       This function adds a virtual CD-ROM disk image to the guest.

       Do not use this function!  ISO files are just ordinary read-only disk images.  Use "add-
       drive-ro" instead.

       This function is deprecated.  In new code, use the "add-drive" call instead.

       Deprecated functions will not be removed from the API, but the fact that they are
       deprecated indicates that there are problems with correct use of these functions.

   add-domain
   domain
        add-domain dom [libvirturi:..] [readonly:true|false] [iface:..] [live:true|false] [allowuuid:true|false] [readonlydisk:..]

       This function adds the disk(s) attached to the named libvirt domain "dom".  It works by
       connecting to libvirt, requesting the domain and domain XML from libvirt, parsing it for
       disks, and calling "add-drive-opts" on each one.

       The number of disks added is returned.  This operation is atomic: if an error is returned,
       then no disks are added.

       This function does some minimal checks to make sure the libvirt domain is not running
       (unless "readonly" is true).  In a future version we will try to acquire the libvirt lock
       on each disk.

       Disks must be accessible locally.  This often means that adding disks from a remote
       libvirt connection (see http://libvirt.org/remote.html) will fail unless those disks are
       accessible via the same device path locally too.

       The optional "libvirturi" parameter sets the libvirt URI (see
       http://libvirt.org/uri.html).  If this is not set then we connect to the default libvirt
       URI (or one set through an environment variable, see the libvirt documentation for full
       details).

       The optional "live" flag controls whether this call will try to connect to a running
       virtual machine "guestfsd" process if it sees a suitable <channel> element in the libvirt
       XML definition.  The default (if the flag is omitted) is never to try.  See "ATTACHING TO
       RUNNING DAEMONS" in guestfs(3) for more information.

       If the "allowuuid" flag is true (default is false) then a UUID may be passed instead of
       the domain name.  The "dom" string is treated as a UUID first and looked up, and if that
       lookup fails then we treat "dom" as a name as usual.

       The optional "readonlydisk" parameter controls what we do for disks which are marked
       <readonly/> in the libvirt XML.  Possible values are:

       readonlydisk = "error"
           If "readonly" is false:

           The whole call is aborted with an error if any disk with the <readonly/> flag is
           found.

           If "readonly" is true:

           Disks with the <readonly/> flag are added read-only.

       readonlydisk = "read"
           If "readonly" is false:

           Disks with the <readonly/> flag are added read-only.  Other disks are added
           read/write.

           If "readonly" is true:

           Disks with the <readonly/> flag are added read-only.

       readonlydisk = "write" (default)
           If "readonly" is false:

           Disks with the <readonly/> flag are added read/write.

           If "readonly" is true:

           Disks with the <readonly/> flag are added read-only.

       readonlydisk = "ignore"
           If "readonly" is true or false:

           Disks with the <readonly/> flag are skipped.

       The other optional parameters are passed directly through to "add-drive-opts".

       This command has one or more optional arguments.  See "OPTIONAL ARGUMENTS".

   add-drive
   add
   add-drive-opts
        add-drive filename [readonly:true|false] [format:..] [iface:..] [name:..] [label:..] [protocol:..] [server:..] [username:..] [secret:..] [cachemode:..]

       This function adds a disk image called "filename" to the handle.  "filename" may be a
       regular host file or a host device.

       When this function is called before "launch" (the usual case) then the first time you call
       this function, the disk appears in the API as "/dev/sda", the second time as "/dev/sdb",
       and so on.

       In libguestfs ≥ 1.20 you can also call this function after launch (with some
       restrictions).  This is called "hotplugging".  When hotplugging, you must specify a
       "label" so that the new disk gets a predictable name.  For more information see
       "HOTPLUGGING" in guestfs(3).

       You don't necessarily need to be root when using libguestfs.  However you obviously do
       need sufficient permissions to access the filename for whatever operations you want to
       perform (ie. read access if you just want to read the image or write access if you want to
       modify the image).

       This call checks that "filename" exists.

       "filename" may be the special string "/dev/null".  See "NULL DISKS" in guestfs(3).

       The optional arguments are:

       "readonly"
           If true then the image is treated as read-only.  Writes are still allowed, but they
           are stored in a temporary snapshot overlay which is discarded at the end.  The disk
           that you add is not modified.

       "format"
           This forces the image format.  If you omit this (or use "add-drive" or "add-drive-ro")
           then the format is automatically detected.  Possible formats include "raw" and
           "qcow2".

           Automatic detection of the format opens you up to a potential security hole when
           dealing with untrusted raw-format images.  See CVE-2010-3851 and RHBZ#642934.
           Specifying the format closes this security hole.

       "iface"
           This rarely-used option lets you emulate the behaviour of the deprecated "add-drive-
           with-if" call (q.v.)

       "name"
           The name the drive had in the original guest, e.g. "/dev/sdb".  This is used as a hint
           to the guest inspection process if it is available.

       "label"
           Give the disk a label.  The label should be a unique, short string using only ASCII
           characters "[a-zA-Z]".  As well as its usual name in the API (such as "/dev/sda"), the
           drive will also be named "/dev/disk/guestfs/label".

           See "DISK LABELS" in guestfs(3).

       "protocol"
           The optional protocol argument can be used to select an alternate source protocol.

           See also: "REMOTE STORAGE" in guestfs(3).

           "protocol = "file""
               "filename" is interpreted as a local file or device.  This is the default if the
               optional protocol parameter is omitted.

           "protocol = "ftp"|"ftps"|"http"|"https"|"tftp""
               Connect to a remote FTP, HTTP or TFTP server.  The "server" parameter must also be
               supplied - see below.

               See also: "FTP, HTTP AND TFTP" in guestfs(3)

           "protocol = "gluster""
               Connect to the GlusterFS server.  The "server" parameter must also be supplied -
               see below.

               See also: "GLUSTER" in guestfs(3)

           "protocol = "iscsi""
               Connect to the iSCSI server.  The "server" parameter must also be supplied - see
               below.

               See also: "ISCSI" in guestfs(3).

           "protocol = "nbd""
               Connect to the Network Block Device server.  The "server" parameter must also be
               supplied - see below.

               See also: "NETWORK BLOCK DEVICE" in guestfs(3).

           "protocol = "rbd""
               Connect to the Ceph (librbd/RBD) server.  The "server" parameter must also be
               supplied - see below.  The "username" parameter may be supplied.  See below.  The
               "secret" parameter may be supplied.  See below.

               See also: "CEPH" in guestfs(3).

           "protocol = "sheepdog""
               Connect to the Sheepdog server.  The "server" parameter may also be supplied - see
               below.

               See also: "SHEEPDOG" in guestfs(3).

           "protocol = "ssh""
               Connect to the Secure Shell (ssh) server.

               The "server" parameter must be supplied.  The "username" parameter may be
               supplied.  See below.

               See also: "SSH" in guestfs(3).

       "server"
           For protocols which require access to a remote server, this is a list of server(s).

            Protocol       Number of servers required
            --------       --------------------------
            file           List must be empty or param not used at all
            ftp|ftps|http|https|tftp  Exactly one
            gluster        Exactly one
            iscsi          Exactly one
            nbd            Exactly one
            rbd            One or more
            sheepdog       Zero or more
            ssh            Exactly one

           Each list element is a string specifying a server.  The string must be in one of the
           following formats:

            hostname
            hostname:port
            tcp:hostname
            tcp:hostname:port
            unix:/path/to/socket

           If the port number is omitted, then the standard port number for the protocol is used
           (see "/etc/services").

       "username"
           For the "ftp", "ftps", "http", "https", "iscsi", "rbd", "ssh" and "tftp" protocols,
           this specifies the remote username.

           If not given, then the local username is used for "ssh", and no authentication is
           attempted for ceph.  But note this sometimes may give unexpected results, for example
           if using the libvirt backend and if the libvirt backend is configured to start the
           qemu appliance as a special user such as "qemu.qemu".  If in doubt, specify the remote
           username you want.

       "secret"
           For the "rbd" protocol only, this specifies the 'secret' to use when connecting to the
           remote device.

           If not given, then a secret matching the given username will be looked up in the
           default keychain locations, or if no username is given, then no authentication will be
           used.

       "cachemode"
           Choose whether or not libguestfs will obey sync operations (safe but slow) or not
           (unsafe but fast).  The possible values for this string are:

           "cachemode = "writeback""
               This is the default.

               Write operations in the API do not return until a write(2) call has completed in
               the host [but note this does not imply that anything gets written to disk].

               Sync operations in the API, including implicit syncs caused by filesystem
               journalling, will not return until an fdatasync(2) call has completed in the host,
               indicating that data has been committed to disk.

           "cachemode = "unsafe""
               In this mode, there are no guarantees.  Libguestfs may cache anything and ignore
               sync requests.  This is suitable only for scratch or temporary disks.

       This command has one or more optional arguments.  See "OPTIONAL ARGUMENTS".

   add-drive-ro
   add-ro
        add-drive-ro filename

       This function is the equivalent of calling "add-drive-opts" with the optional parameter
       "GUESTFS_ADD_DRIVE_OPTS_READONLY" set to 1, so the disk is added read-only, with the
       format being detected automatically.

   add-drive-ro-with-if
        add-drive-ro-with-if filename iface

       This is the same as "add-drive-ro" but it allows you to specify the QEMU interface
       emulation to use at run time.

       This function is deprecated.  In new code, use the "add-drive" call instead.

       Deprecated functions will not be removed from the API, but the fact that they are
       deprecated indicates that there are problems with correct use of these functions.

   add-drive-scratch
   scratch
        add-drive-scratch size [name:..] [label:..]

       This command adds a temporary scratch drive to the handle.  The "size" parameter is the
       virtual size (in bytes).  The scratch drive is blank initially (all reads return zeroes
       until you start writing to it).  The drive is deleted when the handle is closed.

       The optional arguments "name" and "label" are passed through to "add-drive".

       This command has one or more optional arguments.  See "OPTIONAL ARGUMENTS".

   add-drive-with-if
        add-drive-with-if filename iface

       This is the same as "add-drive" but it allows you to specify the QEMU interface emulation
       to use at run time.

       This function is deprecated.  In new code, use the "add-drive" call instead.

       Deprecated functions will not be removed from the API, but the fact that they are
       deprecated indicates that there are problems with correct use of these functions.

   aug-clear
        aug-clear augpath

       Set the value associated with "path" to "NULL".  This is the same as the augtool(1)
       "clear" command.

   aug-close
        aug-close

       Close the current Augeas handle and free up any resources used by it.  After calling this,
       you have to call "aug-init" again before you can use any other Augeas functions.

   aug-defnode
        aug-defnode name expr val

       Defines a variable "name" whose value is the result of evaluating "expr".

       If "expr" evaluates to an empty nodeset, a node is created, equivalent to calling "aug-
       set" "expr", "value".  "name" will be the nodeset containing that single node.

       On success this returns a pair containing the number of nodes in the nodeset, and a
       boolean flag if a node was created.

   aug-defvar
        aug-defvar name expr

       Defines an Augeas variable "name" whose value is the result of evaluating "expr".  If
       "expr" is NULL, then "name" is undefined.

       On success this returns the number of nodes in "expr", or 0 if "expr" evaluates to
       something which is not a nodeset.

   aug-get
        aug-get augpath

       Look up the value associated with "path".  If "path" matches exactly one node, the "value"
       is returned.

   aug-init
        aug-init root flags

       Create a new Augeas handle for editing configuration files.  If there was any previous
       Augeas handle associated with this guestfs session, then it is closed.

       You must call this before using any other "aug-*" commands.

       "root" is the filesystem root.  "root" must not be NULL, use "/" instead.

       The flags are the same as the flags defined in <augeas.h>, the logical or of the following
       integers:

       "AUG_SAVE_BACKUP" = 1
           Keep the original file with a ".augsave" extension.

       "AUG_SAVE_NEWFILE" = 2
           Save changes into a file with extension ".augnew", and do not overwrite original.
           Overrides "AUG_SAVE_BACKUP".

       "AUG_TYPE_CHECK" = 4
           Typecheck lenses.

           This option is only useful when debugging Augeas lenses.  Use of this option may
           require additional memory for the libguestfs appliance.  You may need to set the
           "LIBGUESTFS_MEMSIZE" environment variable or call "set-memsize".

       "AUG_NO_STDINC" = 8
           Do not use standard load path for modules.

       "AUG_SAVE_NOOP" = 16
           Make save a no-op, just record what would have been changed.

       "AUG_NO_LOAD" = 32
           Do not load the tree in "aug-init".

       To close the handle, you can call "aug-close".

       To find out more about Augeas, see http://augeas.net/.

   aug-insert
        aug-insert augpath label true|false

       Create a new sibling "label" for "path", inserting it into the tree before or after "path"
       (depending on the boolean flag "before").

       "path" must match exactly one existing node in the tree, and "label" must be a label, ie.
       not contain "/", "*" or end with a bracketed index "[N]".

   aug-label
        aug-label augpath

       The label (name of the last element) of the Augeas path expression "augpath" is returned.
       "augpath" must match exactly one node, else this function returns an error.

   aug-load
        aug-load

       Load files into the tree.

       See "aug_load" in the Augeas documentation for the full gory details.

   aug-ls
        aug-ls augpath

       This is just a shortcut for listing "aug-match" "path/*" and sorting the resulting nodes
       into alphabetical order.

   aug-match
        aug-match augpath

       Returns a list of paths which match the path expression "path".  The returned paths are
       sufficiently qualified so that they match exactly one node in the current tree.

   aug-mv
        aug-mv src dest

       Move the node "src" to "dest".  "src" must match exactly one node.  "dest" is overwritten
       if it exists.

   aug-rm
        aug-rm augpath

       Remove "path" and all of its children.

       On success this returns the number of entries which were removed.

   aug-save
        aug-save

       This writes all pending changes to disk.

       The flags which were passed to "aug-init" affect exactly how files are saved.

   aug-set
        aug-set augpath val

       Set the value associated with "path" to "val".

       In the Augeas API, it is possible to clear a node by setting the value to NULL.  Due to an
       oversight in the libguestfs API you cannot do that with this call.  Instead you must use
       the "aug-clear" call.

   aug-setm
        aug-setm base sub val

       Change multiple Augeas nodes in a single operation.  "base" is an expression matching
       multiple nodes.  "sub" is a path expression relative to "base".  All nodes matching "base"
       are found, and then for each node, "sub" is changed to "val".  "sub" may also be "NULL" in
       which case the "base" nodes are modified.

       This returns the number of nodes modified.

   available
        available 'groups ...'

       This command is used to check the availability of some groups of functionality in the
       appliance, which not all builds of the libguestfs appliance will be able to provide.

       The libguestfs groups, and the functions that those groups correspond to, are listed in
       "AVAILABILITY" in guestfs(3).  You can also fetch this list at runtime by calling
       "available-all-groups".

       The argument "groups" is a list of group names, eg: "["inotify", "augeas"]" would check
       for the availability of the Linux inotify functions and Augeas (configuration file
       editing) functions.

       The command returns no error if all requested groups are available.

       It fails with an error if one or more of the requested groups is unavailable in the
       appliance.

       If an unknown group name is included in the list of groups then an error is always
       returned.

       Notes:

       •   "feature-available" is the same as this call, but with a slightly simpler to use API:
           that call returns a boolean true/false instead of throwing an error.

       •   You must call "launch" before calling this function.

           The reason is because we don't know what groups are supported by the appliance/daemon
           until it is running and can be queried.

       •   If a group of functions is available, this does not necessarily mean that they will
           work.  You still have to check for errors when calling individual API functions even
           if they are available.

       •   It is usually the job of distro packagers to build complete functionality into the
           libguestfs appliance.  Upstream libguestfs, if built from source with all requirements
           satisfied, will support everything.

       •   This call was added in version 1.0.80.  In previous versions of libguestfs all you
           could do would be to speculatively execute a command to find out if the daemon
           implemented it.  See also "version".

       See also "filesystem-available".

   available-all-groups
        available-all-groups

       This command returns a list of all optional groups that this daemon knows about.  Note
       this returns both supported and unsupported groups.  To find out which ones the daemon can
       actually support you have to call "available" / "feature-available" on each member of the
       returned list.

       See also "available", "feature-available" and "AVAILABILITY" in guestfs(3).

   base64-in
        base64-in (base64file|-) filename

       This command uploads base64-encoded data from "base64file" to "filename".

       Use "-" instead of a filename to read/write from stdin/stdout.

   base64-out
        base64-out filename (base64file|-)

       This command downloads the contents of "filename", writing it out to local file
       "base64file" encoded as base64.

       Use "-" instead of a filename to read/write from stdin/stdout.

   blkid
        blkid device

       This command returns block device attributes for "device". The following fields are
       usually present in the returned hash. Other fields may also be present.

       "UUID"
           The uuid of this device.

       "LABEL"
           The label of this device.

       "VERSION"
           The version of blkid command.

       "TYPE"
           The filesystem type or RAID of this device.

       "USAGE"
           The usage of this device, for example "filesystem" or "raid".

   blockdev-flushbufs
        blockdev-flushbufs device

       This tells the kernel to flush internal buffers associated with "device".

       This uses the blockdev(8) command.

   blockdev-getbsz
        blockdev-getbsz device

       This returns the block size of a device.

       Note: this is different from both size in blocks and filesystem block size.  Also this
       setting is not really used by anything.  You should probably not use it for anything.
       Filesystems have their own idea about what block size to choose.

       This uses the blockdev(8) command.

   blockdev-getro
        blockdev-getro device

       Returns a boolean indicating if the block device is read-only (true if read-only, false if
       not).

       This uses the blockdev(8) command.

   blockdev-getsize64
        blockdev-getsize64 device

       This returns the size of the device in bytes.

       See also "blockdev-getsz".

       This uses the blockdev(8) command.

   blockdev-getss
        blockdev-getss device

       This returns the size of sectors on a block device.  Usually 512, but can be larger for
       modern devices.

       (Note, this is not the size in sectors, use "blockdev-getsz" for that).

       This uses the blockdev(8) command.

   blockdev-getsz
        blockdev-getsz device

       This returns the size of the device in units of 512-byte sectors (even if the sectorsize
       isn't 512 bytes ... weird).

       See also "blockdev-getss" for the real sector size of the device, and "blockdev-getsize64"
       for the more useful size in bytes.

       This uses the blockdev(8) command.

   blockdev-rereadpt
        blockdev-rereadpt device

       Reread the partition table on "device".

       This uses the blockdev(8) command.

   blockdev-setbsz
        blockdev-setbsz device blocksize

       This call does nothing and has never done anything because of a bug in blockdev.  Do not
       use it.

       If you need to set the filesystem block size, use the "blocksize" option of "mkfs".

       This function is deprecated.  In new code, use the "mkfs" call instead.

       Deprecated functions will not be removed from the API, but the fact that they are
       deprecated indicates that there are problems with correct use of these functions.

   blockdev-setro
        blockdev-setro device

       Sets the block device named "device" to read-only.

       This uses the blockdev(8) command.

   blockdev-setrw
        blockdev-setrw device

       Sets the block device named "device" to read-write.

       This uses the blockdev(8) command.

   btrfs-device-add
        btrfs-device-add 'devices ...' fs

       Add the list of device(s) in "devices" to the btrfs filesystem mounted at "fs".  If
       "devices" is an empty list, this does nothing.

   btrfs-device-delete
        btrfs-device-delete 'devices ...' fs

       Remove the "devices" from the btrfs filesystem mounted at "fs".  If "devices" is an empty
       list, this does nothing.

   btrfs-filesystem-balance
        btrfs-filesystem-balance fs

       Balance the chunks in the btrfs filesystem mounted at "fs" across the underlying devices.

   btrfs-filesystem-resize
        btrfs-filesystem-resize mountpoint [size:N]

       This command resizes a btrfs filesystem.

       Note that unlike other resize calls, the filesystem has to be mounted and the parameter is
       the mountpoint not the device (this is a requirement of btrfs itself).

       The optional parameters are:

       "size"
           The new size (in bytes) of the filesystem.  If omitted, the filesystem is resized to
           the maximum size.

       See also btrfs(8).

       This command has one or more optional arguments.  See "OPTIONAL ARGUMENTS".

   btrfs-filesystem-sync
        btrfs-filesystem-sync fs

       Force sync on the btrfs filesystem mounted at "fs".

   btrfs-fsck
        btrfs-fsck device [superblock:N] [repair:true|false]

       Used to check a btrfs filesystem, "device" is the device file where the filesystem is
       stored.

       This command has one or more optional arguments.  See "OPTIONAL ARGUMENTS".

   btrfs-set-seeding
        btrfs-set-seeding device true|false

       Enable or disable the seeding feature of a device that contains a btrfs filesystem.

   btrfs-subvolume-create
        btrfs-subvolume-create dest

       Create a btrfs subvolume.  The "dest" argument is the destination directory and the name
       of the snapshot, in the form "/path/to/dest/name".

   btrfs-subvolume-delete
        btrfs-subvolume-delete subvolume

       Delete the named btrfs subvolume.

   btrfs-subvolume-list
        btrfs-subvolume-list fs

       List the btrfs snapshots and subvolumes of the btrfs filesystem which is mounted at "fs".

   btrfs-subvolume-set-default
        btrfs-subvolume-set-default id fs

       Set the subvolume of the btrfs filesystem "fs" which will be mounted by default.  See
       "btrfs-subvolume-list" to get a list of subvolumes.

   btrfs-subvolume-snapshot
        btrfs-subvolume-snapshot source dest

       Create a writable snapshot of the btrfs subvolume "source".  The "dest" argument is the
       destination directory and the name of the snapshot, in the form "/path/to/dest/name".

   canonical-device-name
        canonical-device-name device

       This utility function is useful when displaying device names to the user.  It takes a
       number of irregular device names and returns them in a consistent format:

       "/dev/hdX"
       "/dev/vdX"
           These are returned as "/dev/sdX".  Note this works for device names and partition
           names.  This is approximately the reverse of the algorithm described in "BLOCK DEVICE
           NAMING" in guestfs(3).

       "/dev/mapper/VG-LV"
       "/dev/dm-N"
           Converted to "/dev/VG/LV" form using "lvm-canonical-lvm-name".

       Other strings are returned unmodified.

   cap-get-file
        cap-get-file path

       This function returns the Linux capabilities attached to "path".  The capabilities set is
       returned in text form (see cap_to_text(3)).

       If no capabilities are attached to a file, an empty string is returned.

   cap-set-file
        cap-set-file path cap

       This function sets the Linux capabilities attached to "path".  The capabilities set "cap"
       should be passed in text form (see cap_from_text(3)).

   case-sensitive-path
        case-sensitive-path path

       This can be used to resolve case insensitive paths on a filesystem which is case
       sensitive.  The use case is to resolve paths which you have read from Windows
       configuration files or the Windows Registry, to the true path.

       The command handles a peculiarity of the Linux ntfs-3g filesystem driver (and probably
       others), which is that although the underlying filesystem is case-insensitive, the driver
       exports the filesystem to Linux as case-sensitive.

       One consequence of this is that special directories such as "c:\windows" may appear as
       "/WINDOWS" or "/windows" (or other things) depending on the precise details of how they
       were created.  In Windows itself this would not be a problem.

       Bug or feature?  You decide: http://www.tuxera.com/community/ntfs-3g-faq/#posixfilenames1

       "case-sensitive-path" attempts to resolve the true case of each element in the path. It
       will return a resolved path if either the full path or its parent directory exists. If the
       parent directory exists but the full path does not, the case of the parent directory will
       be correctly resolved, and the remainder appended unmodified. For example, if the file
       "/Windows/System32/netkvm.sys" exists:

       "case-sensitive-path" ("/windows/system32/netkvm.sys")
           "Windows/System32/netkvm.sys"

       "case-sensitive-path" ("/windows/system32/NoSuchFile")
           "Windows/System32/NoSuchFile"

       "case-sensitive-path" ("/windows/system33/netkvm.sys")
           ERROR

       Note: Because of the above behaviour, "case-sensitive-path" cannot be used to check for
       the existence of a file.

       Note: This function does not handle drive names, backslashes etc.

       See also "realpath".

   cat
        cat path

       Return the contents of the file named "path".

       Because, in C, this function returns a "char *", there is no way to differentiate between
       a "\0" character in a file and end of string.  To handle binary files, use the "read-file"
       or "download" functions.

   checksum
        checksum csumtype path

       This call computes the MD5, SHAx or CRC checksum of the file named "path".

       The type of checksum to compute is given by the "csumtype" parameter which must have one
       of the following values:

       "crc"
           Compute the cyclic redundancy check (CRC) specified by POSIX for the "cksum" command.

       "md5"
           Compute the MD5 hash (using the "md5sum" program).

       "sha1"
           Compute the SHA1 hash (using the "sha1sum" program).

       "sha224"
           Compute the SHA224 hash (using the "sha224sum" program).

       "sha256"
           Compute the SHA256 hash (using the "sha256sum" program).

       "sha384"
           Compute the SHA384 hash (using the "sha384sum" program).

       "sha512"
           Compute the SHA512 hash (using the "sha512sum" program).

       The checksum is returned as a printable string.

       To get the checksum for a device, use "checksum-device".

       To get the checksums for many files, use "checksums-out".

   checksum-device
        checksum-device csumtype device

       This call computes the MD5, SHAx or CRC checksum of the contents of the device named
       "device".  For the types of checksums supported see the "checksum" command.

   checksums-out
        checksums-out csumtype directory (sumsfile|-)

       This command computes the checksums of all regular files in "directory" and then emits a
       list of those checksums to the local output file "sumsfile".

       This can be used for verifying the integrity of a virtual machine.  However to be properly
       secure you should pay attention to the output of the checksum command (it uses the ones
       from GNU coreutils).  In particular when the filename is not printable, coreutils uses a
       special backslash syntax.  For more information, see the GNU coreutils info file.

       Use "-" instead of a filename to read/write from stdin/stdout.

   chmod
        chmod mode path

       Change the mode (permissions) of "path" to "mode".  Only numeric modes are supported.

       Note: When using this command from guestfish, "mode" by default would be decimal, unless
       you prefix it with 0 to get octal, ie. use 0700 not 700.

       The mode actually set is affected by the umask.

   chown
        chown owner group path

       Change the file owner to "owner" and group to "group".

       Only numeric uid and gid are supported.  If you want to use names, you will need to locate
       and parse the password file yourself (Augeas support makes this relatively easy).

   command
        command 'arguments ...'

       This call runs a command from the guest filesystem.  The filesystem must be mounted, and
       must contain a compatible operating system (ie. something Linux, with the same or
       compatible processor architecture).

       The single parameter is an argv-style list of arguments.  The first element is the name of
       the program to run.  Subsequent elements are parameters.  The list must be non-empty (ie.
       must contain a program name).  Note that the command runs directly, and is not invoked via
       the shell (see "sh").

       The return value is anything printed to stdout by the command.

       If the command returns a non-zero exit status, then this function returns an error
       message.  The error message string is the content of stderr from the command.

       The $PATH environment variable will contain at least "/usr/bin" and "/bin".  If you
       require a program from another location, you should provide the full path in the first
       parameter.

       Shared libraries and data files required by the program must be available on filesystems
       which are mounted in the correct places.  It is the caller's responsibility to ensure all
       filesystems that are needed are mounted at the right locations.

       Because of the message protocol, there is a transfer limit of somewhere between 2MB and
       4MB.  See "PROTOCOL LIMITS" in guestfs(3).

   command-lines
        command-lines 'arguments ...'

       This is the same as "command", but splits the result into a list of lines.

       See also: "sh-lines"

       Because of the message protocol, there is a transfer limit of somewhere between 2MB and
       4MB.  See "PROTOCOL LIMITS" in guestfs(3).

   compress-device-out
        compress-device-out ctype device (zdevice|-) [level:N]

       This command compresses "device" and writes it out to the local file "zdevice".

       The "ctype" and optional "level" parameters have the same meaning as in "compress-out".

       Use "-" instead of a filename to read/write from stdin/stdout.

       This command has one or more optional arguments.  See "OPTIONAL ARGUMENTS".

   compress-out
        compress-out ctype file (zfile|-) [level:N]

       This command compresses "file" and writes it out to the local file "zfile".

       The compression program used is controlled by the "ctype" parameter.  Currently this
       includes: "compress", "gzip", "bzip2", "xz" or "lzop".  Some compression types may not be
       supported by particular builds of libguestfs, in which case you will get an error
       containing the substring "not supported".

       The optional "level" parameter controls compression level.  The meaning and default for
       this parameter depends on the compression program being used.

       Use "-" instead of a filename to read/write from stdin/stdout.

       This command has one or more optional arguments.  See "OPTIONAL ARGUMENTS".

   config
        config hvparam hvvalue

       This can be used to add arbitrary hypervisor parameters of the form -param value.
       Actually it's not quite arbitrary - we prevent you from setting some parameters which
       would interfere with parameters that we use.

       The first character of "hvparam" string must be a "-" (dash).

       "hvvalue" can be NULL.

   copy-device-to-device
        copy-device-to-device src dest [srcoffset:N] [destoffset:N] [size:N] [sparse:true|false]

       The four calls "copy-device-to-device", "copy-device-to-file", "copy-file-to-device", and
       "copy-file-to-file" let you copy from a source (device|file) to a destination
       (device|file).

       Partial copies can be made since you can specify optionally the source offset, destination
       offset and size to copy.  These values are all specified in bytes.  If not given, the
       offsets both default to zero, and the size defaults to copying as much as possible until
       we hit the end of the source.

       The source and destination may be the same object.  However overlapping regions may not be
       copied correctly.

       If the destination is a file, it is created if required.  If the destination file is not
       large enough, it is extended.

       If the "sparse" flag is true then the call avoids writing blocks that contain only zeroes,
       which can help in some situations where the backing disk is thin-provisioned.  Note that
       unless the target is already zeroed, using this option will result in incorrect copying.

       This command has one or more optional arguments.  See "OPTIONAL ARGUMENTS".

   copy-device-to-file
        copy-device-to-file src dest [srcoffset:N] [destoffset:N] [size:N] [sparse:true|false]

       See "copy-device-to-device" for a general overview of this call.

       This command has one or more optional arguments.  See "OPTIONAL ARGUMENTS".

   copy-file-to-device
        copy-file-to-device src dest [srcoffset:N] [destoffset:N] [size:N] [sparse:true|false]

       See "copy-device-to-device" for a general overview of this call.

       This command has one or more optional arguments.  See "OPTIONAL ARGUMENTS".

   copy-file-to-file
        copy-file-to-file src dest [srcoffset:N] [destoffset:N] [size:N] [sparse:true|false]

       See "copy-device-to-device" for a general overview of this call.

       This is not the function you want for copying files.  This is for copying blocks within
       existing files.  See "cp", "cp-a" and "mv" for general file copying and moving functions.

       This command has one or more optional arguments.  See "OPTIONAL ARGUMENTS".

   copy-size
        copy-size src dest size

       This command copies exactly "size" bytes from one source device or file "src" to another
       destination device or file "dest".

       Note this will fail if the source is too short or if the destination is not large enough.

       This function is deprecated.  In new code, use the "copy-device-to-device" call instead.

       Deprecated functions will not be removed from the API, but the fact that they are
       deprecated indicates that there are problems with correct use of these functions.

   cp
        cp src dest

       This copies a file from "src" to "dest" where "dest" is either a destination filename or
       destination directory.

   cp-a
        cp-a src dest

       This copies a file or directory from "src" to "dest" recursively using the "cp -a"
       command.

   cp-r
        cp-r src dest

       This copies a file or directory from "src" to "dest" recursively using the "cp -rP"
       command.

       Most users should use "cp-a" instead.  This command is useful when you don't want to
       preserve permissions, because the target filesystem does not support it (primarily when
       writing to DOS FAT filesystems).

   dd
        dd src dest

       This command copies from one source device or file "src" to another destination device or
       file "dest".  Normally you would use this to copy to or from a device or partition, for
       example to duplicate a filesystem.

       If the destination is a device, it must be as large or larger than the source file or
       device, otherwise the copy will fail.  This command cannot do partial copies (see "copy-
       device-to-device").

       This function is deprecated.  In new code, use the "copy-device-to-device" call instead.

       Deprecated functions will not be removed from the API, but the fact that they are
       deprecated indicates that there are problems with correct use of these functions.

   device-index
        device-index device

       This function takes a device name (eg. "/dev/sdb") and returns the index of the device in
       the list of devices.

       Index numbers start from 0.  The named device must exist, for example as a string returned
       from "list-devices".

       See also "list-devices", "part-to-dev".

   df
        df

       This command runs the "df" command to report disk space used.

       This command is mostly useful for interactive sessions.  It is not intended that you try
       to parse the output string.  Use "statvfs" from programs.

   df-h
        df-h

       This command runs the "df -h" command to report disk space used in human-readable format.

       This command is mostly useful for interactive sessions.  It is not intended that you try
       to parse the output string.  Use "statvfs" from programs.

   disk-format
        disk-format filename

       Detect and return the format of the disk image called "filename".  "filename" can also be
       a host device, etc.  If the format of the image could not be detected, then "unknown" is
       returned.

       Note that detecting the disk format can be insecure under some circumstances.  See
       "CVE-2010-3851" in guestfs(3).

       See also: "DISK IMAGE FORMATS" in guestfs(3)

   disk-has-backing-file
        disk-has-backing-file filename

       Detect and return whether the disk image "filename" has a backing file.

       Note that detecting disk features can be insecure under some circumstances.  See
       "CVE-2010-3851" in guestfs(3).

   disk-virtual-size
        disk-virtual-size filename

       Detect and return the virtual size in bytes of the disk image called "filename".

       Note that detecting disk features can be insecure under some circumstances.  See
       "CVE-2010-3851" in guestfs(3).

   dmesg
        dmesg

       This returns the kernel messages ("dmesg" output) from the guest kernel.  This is
       sometimes useful for extended debugging of problems.

       Another way to get the same information is to enable verbose messages with "set-verbose"
       or by setting the environment variable "LIBGUESTFS_DEBUG=1" before running the program.

   download
        download remotefilename (filename|-)

       Download file "remotefilename" and save it as "filename" on the local machine.

       "filename" can also be a named pipe.

       See also "upload", "cat".

       Use "-" instead of a filename to read/write from stdin/stdout.

   download-offset
        download-offset remotefilename (filename|-) offset size

       Download file "remotefilename" and save it as "filename" on the local machine.

       "remotefilename" is read for "size" bytes starting at "offset" (this region must be within
       the file or device).

       Note that there is no limit on the amount of data that can be downloaded with this call,
       unlike with "pread", and this call always reads the full amount unless an error occurs.

       See also "download", "pread".

       Use "-" instead of a filename to read/write from stdin/stdout.

   drop-caches
        drop-caches whattodrop

       This instructs the guest kernel to drop its page cache, and/or dentries and inode caches.
       The parameter "whattodrop" tells the kernel what precisely to drop, see
       http://linux-mm.org/Drop_Caches

       Setting "whattodrop" to 3 should drop everything.

       This automatically calls sync(2) before the operation, so that the maximum guest memory is
       freed.

   du
        du path

       This command runs the "du -s" command to estimate file space usage for "path".

       "path" can be a file or a directory.  If "path" is a directory then the estimate includes
       the contents of the directory and all subdirectories (recursively).

       The result is the estimated size in kilobytes (ie. units of 1024 bytes).

   e2fsck
        e2fsck device [correct:true|false] [forceall:true|false]

       This runs the ext2/ext3 filesystem checker on "device".  It can take the following
       optional arguments:

       "correct"
           Automatically repair the file system. This option will cause e2fsck to automatically
           fix any filesystem problems that can be safely fixed without human intervention.

           This option may not be specified at the same time as the "forceall" option.

       "forceall"
           Assume an answer of 'yes' to all questions; allows e2fsck to be used non-
           interactively.

           This option may not be specified at the same time as the "correct" option.

       This command has one or more optional arguments.  See "OPTIONAL ARGUMENTS".

   e2fsck-f
        e2fsck-f device

       This runs "e2fsck -p -f device", ie. runs the ext2/ext3 filesystem checker on "device",
       noninteractively (-p), even if the filesystem appears to be clean (-f).

       This function is deprecated.  In new code, use the "e2fsck" call instead.

       Deprecated functions will not be removed from the API, but the fact that they are
       deprecated indicates that there are problems with correct use of these functions.

   echo-daemon
        echo-daemon 'words ...'

       This command concatenates the list of "words" passed with single spaces between them and
       returns the resulting string.

       You can use this command to test the connection through to the daemon.

       See also "ping-daemon".

   egrep
        egrep regex path

       This calls the external "egrep" program and returns the matching lines.

       Because of the message protocol, there is a transfer limit of somewhere between 2MB and
       4MB.  See "PROTOCOL LIMITS" in guestfs(3).

       This function is deprecated.  In new code, use the "grep" call instead.

       Deprecated functions will not be removed from the API, but the fact that they are
       deprecated indicates that there are problems with correct use of these functions.

   egrepi
        egrepi regex path

       This calls the external "egrep -i" program and returns the matching lines.

       Because of the message protocol, there is a transfer limit of somewhere between 2MB and
       4MB.  See "PROTOCOL LIMITS" in guestfs(3).

       This function is deprecated.  In new code, use the "grep" call instead.

       Deprecated functions will not be removed from the API, but the fact that they are
       deprecated indicates that there are problems with correct use of these functions.

   equal
        equal file1 file2

       This compares the two files "file1" and "file2" and returns true if their content is
       exactly equal, or false otherwise.

       The external cmp(1) program is used for the comparison.

   exists
        exists path

       This returns "true" if and only if there is a file, directory (or anything) with the given
       "path" name.

       See also "is-file", "is-dir", "stat".

   extlinux
        extlinux directory

       Install the SYSLINUX bootloader on the device mounted at "directory".  Unlike "syslinux"
       which requires a FAT filesystem, this can be used on an ext2/3/4 or btrfs filesystem.

       The "directory" parameter can be either a mountpoint, or a directory within the
       mountpoint.

       You also have to mark the partition as "active" ("part-set-bootable") and a Master Boot
       Record must be installed (eg. using "pwrite-device") on the first sector of the whole
       disk.  The SYSLINUX package comes with some suitable Master Boot Records.  See the
       extlinux(1) man page for further information.

       Additional configuration can be supplied to SYSLINUX by placing a file called
       "extlinux.conf" on the filesystem under "directory".  For further information about the
       contents of this file, see extlinux(1).

       See also "syslinux".

   fallocate
        fallocate path len

       This command preallocates a file (containing zero bytes) named "path" of size "len" bytes.
       If the file exists already, it is overwritten.

       Do not confuse this with the guestfish-specific "alloc" command which allocates a file in
       the host and attaches it as a device.

       This function is deprecated.  In new code, use the "fallocate64" call instead.

       Deprecated functions will not be removed from the API, but the fact that they are
       deprecated indicates that there are problems with correct use of these functions.

   fallocate64
        fallocate64 path len

       This command preallocates a file (containing zero bytes) named "path" of size "len" bytes.
       If the file exists already, it is overwritten.

       Note that this call allocates disk blocks for the file.  To create a sparse file use
       "truncate-size" instead.

       The deprecated call "fallocate" does the same, but owing to an oversight it only allowed
       30 bit lengths to be specified, effectively limiting the maximum size of files created
       through that call to 1GB.

       Do not confuse this with the guestfish-specific "alloc" and "sparse" commands which create
       a file in the host and attach it as a device.

   feature-available
        feature-available 'groups ...'

       This is the same as "available", but unlike that call it returns a simple true/false
       boolean result, instead of throwing an exception if a feature is not found.  For other
       documentation see "available".

   fgrep
        fgrep pattern path

       This calls the external "fgrep" program and returns the matching lines.

       Because of the message protocol, there is a transfer limit of somewhere between 2MB and
       4MB.  See "PROTOCOL LIMITS" in guestfs(3).

       This function is deprecated.  In new code, use the "grep" call instead.

       Deprecated functions will not be removed from the API, but the fact that they are
       deprecated indicates that there are problems with correct use of these functions.

   fgrepi
        fgrepi pattern path

       This calls the external "fgrep -i" program and returns the matching lines.

       Because of the message protocol, there is a transfer limit of somewhere between 2MB and
       4MB.  See "PROTOCOL LIMITS" in guestfs(3).

       This function is deprecated.  In new code, use the "grep" call instead.

       Deprecated functions will not be removed from the API, but the fact that they are
       deprecated indicates that there are problems with correct use of these functions.

   file
        file path

       This call uses the standard file(1) command to determine the type or contents of the file.

       This call will also transparently look inside various types of compressed file.

       The exact command which runs is "file -zb path".  Note in particular that the filename is
       not prepended to the output (the -b option).

       The output depends on the output of the underlying file(1) command and it can change in
       future in ways beyond our control.  In other words, the output is not guaranteed by the
       ABI.

       See also: file(1), "vfs-type", "lstat", "is-file", "is-blockdev" (etc), "is-zero".

   file-architecture
        file-architecture filename

       This detects the architecture of the binary "filename", and returns it if known.

       Currently defined architectures are:

       "i386"
           This string is returned for all 32 bit i386, i486, i586, i686 binaries irrespective of
           the precise processor requirements of the binary.

       "x86_64"
           64 bit x86-64.

       "sparc"
           32 bit SPARC.

       "sparc64"
           64 bit SPARC V9 and above.

       "ia64"
           Intel Itanium.

       "ppc"
           32 bit Power PC.

       "ppc64"
           64 bit Power PC.

       Libguestfs may return other architecture strings in future.

       The function works on at least the following types of files:

       •   many types of Un*x and Linux binary

       •   many types of Un*x and Linux shared library

       •   Windows Win32 and Win64 binaries

       •   Windows Win32 and Win64 DLLs

           Win32 binaries and DLLs return "i386".

           Win64 binaries and DLLs return "x86_64".

       •   Linux kernel modules

       •   Linux new-style initrd images

       •   some non-x86 Linux vmlinuz kernels

       What it can't do currently:

       •   static libraries (libfoo.a)

       •   Linux old-style initrd as compressed ext2 filesystem (RHEL 3)

       •   x86 Linux vmlinuz kernels

           x86 vmlinuz images (bzImage format) consist of a mix of 16-, 32- and compressed code,
           and are horribly hard to unpack.  If you want to find the architecture of a kernel,
           use the architecture of the associated initrd or kernel module(s) instead.

   filesize
        filesize file

       This command returns the size of "file" in bytes.

       To get other stats about a file, use "stat", "lstat", "is-dir", "is-file" etc.  To get the
       size of block devices, use "blockdev-getsize64".

   filesystem-available
        filesystem-available filesystem

       Check whether libguestfs supports the named filesystem.  The argument "filesystem" is a
       filesystem name, such as "ext3".

       You must call "launch" before using this command.

       This is mainly useful as a negative test.  If this returns true, it doesn't mean that a
       particular filesystem can be created or mounted, since filesystems can fail for other
       reasons such as it being a later version of the filesystem, or having incompatible
       features, or lacking the right mkfs.<fs> tool.

       See also "available", "feature-available", "AVAILABILITY" in guestfs(3).

   fill
        fill c len path

       This command creates a new file called "path".  The initial content of the file is "len"
       octets of "c", where "c" must be a number in the range "[0..255]".

       To fill a file with zero bytes (sparsely), it is much more efficient to use "truncate-
       size".  To create a file with a pattern of repeating bytes use "fill-pattern".

   fill-dir
        fill-dir dir nr

       This function, useful for testing filesystems, creates "nr" empty files in the directory
       "dir" with names 00000000 through "nr-1" (ie. each file name is 8 digits long padded with
       zeroes).

   fill-pattern
        fill-pattern pattern len path

       This function is like "fill" except that it creates a new file of length "len" containing
       the repeating pattern of bytes in "pattern".  The pattern is truncated if necessary to
       ensure the length of the file is exactly "len" bytes.

   find
        find directory

       This command lists out all files and directories, recursively, starting at "directory".
       It is essentially equivalent to running the shell command "find directory -print" but some
       post-processing happens on the output, described below.

       This returns a list of strings without any prefix.  Thus if the directory structure was:

        /tmp/a
        /tmp/b
        /tmp/c/d

       then the returned list from "find" "/tmp" would be 4 elements:

        a
        b
        c
        c/d

       If "directory" is not a directory, then this command returns an error.

       The returned list is sorted.

   find0
        find0 directory (files|-)

       This command lists out all files and directories, recursively, starting at "directory",
       placing the resulting list in the external file called "files".

       This command works the same way as "find" with the following exceptions:

       •   The resulting list is written to an external file.

       •   Items (filenames) in the result are separated by "\0" characters.  See find(1) option
           -print0.

       •   The result list is not sorted.

       Use "-" instead of a filename to read/write from stdin/stdout.

   findfs-label
        findfs-label label

       This command searches the filesystems and returns the one which has the given label.  An
       error is returned if no such filesystem can be found.

       To find the label of a filesystem, use "vfs-label".

   findfs-uuid
        findfs-uuid uuid

       This command searches the filesystems and returns the one which has the given UUID.  An
       error is returned if no such filesystem can be found.

       To find the UUID of a filesystem, use "vfs-uuid".

   fsck
        fsck fstype device

       This runs the filesystem checker (fsck) on "device" which should have filesystem type
       "fstype".

       The returned integer is the status.  See fsck(8) for the list of status codes from "fsck".

       Notes:

       •   Multiple status codes can be summed together.

       •   A non-zero return code can mean "success", for example if errors have been corrected
           on the filesystem.

       •   Checking or repairing NTFS volumes is not supported (by linux-ntfs).

       This command is entirely equivalent to running "fsck -a -t fstype device".

   fstrim
        fstrim mountpoint [offset:N] [length:N] [minimumfreeextent:N]

       Trim the free space in the filesystem mounted on "mountpoint".  The filesystem must be
       mounted read-write.

       The filesystem contents are not affected, but any free space in the filesystem is
       "trimmed", that is, given back to the host device, thus making disk images more sparse,
       allowing unused space in qcow2 files to be reused, etc.

       This operation requires support in libguestfs, the mounted filesystem, the host
       filesystem, qemu and the host kernel.  If this support isn't present it may give an error
       or even appear to run but do nothing.

       See also "zero-free-space".  That is a slightly different operation that turns free space
       in the filesystem into zeroes.  It is valid to call "fstrim" either instead of, or after
       calling "zero-free-space".

       This command has one or more optional arguments.  See "OPTIONAL ARGUMENTS".

   get-append
        get-append

       Return the additional kernel options which are added to the guest kernel command line.

       If "NULL" then no options are added.

   get-attach-method
        get-attach-method

       Return the current backend.

       See "set-backend" and "BACKEND" in guestfs(3).

       This function is deprecated.  In new code, use the "get-backend" call instead.

       Deprecated functions will not be removed from the API, but the fact that they are
       deprecated indicates that there are problems with correct use of these functions.

   get-autosync
        get-autosync

       Get the autosync flag.

   get-backend
        get-backend

       Return the current backend.

       This handle property was previously called the "attach method".

       See "set-backend" and "BACKEND" in guestfs(3).

   get-cachedir
        get-cachedir

       Get the directory used by the handle to store the appliance cache.

   get-direct
        get-direct

       Return the direct appliance mode flag.

   get-e2attrs
        get-e2attrs file

       This returns the file attributes associated with "file".

       The attributes are a set of bits associated with each inode which affect the behaviour of
       the file.  The attributes are returned as a string of letters (described below).  The
       string may be empty, indicating that no file attributes are set for this file.

       These attributes are only present when the file is located on an ext2/3/4 filesystem.
       Using this call on other filesystem types will result in an error.

       The characters (file attributes) in the returned string are currently:

       'A' When the file is accessed, its atime is not modified.

       'a' The file is append-only.

       'c' The file is compressed on-disk.

       'D' (Directories only.)  Changes to this directory are written synchronously to disk.

       'd' The file is not a candidate for backup (see dump(8)).

       'E' The file has compression errors.

       'e' The file is using extents.

       'h' The file is storing its blocks in units of the filesystem blocksize instead of
           sectors.

       'I' (Directories only.)  The directory is using hashed trees.

       'i' The file is immutable.  It cannot be modified, deleted or renamed.  No link can be
           created to this file.

       'j' The file is data-journaled.

       's' When the file is deleted, all its blocks will be zeroed.

       'S' Changes to this file are written synchronously to disk.

       'T' (Directories only.)  This is a hint to the block allocator that subdirectories
           contained in this directory should be spread across blocks.  If not present, the block
           allocator will try to group subdirectories together.

       't' For a file, this disables tail-merging.  (Not used by upstream implementations of
           ext2.)

       'u' When the file is deleted, its blocks will be saved, allowing the file to be undeleted.

       'X' The raw contents of the compressed file may be accessed.

       'Z' The compressed file is dirty.

       More file attributes may be added to this list later.  Not all file attributes may be set
       for all kinds of files.  For detailed information, consult the chattr(1) man page.

       See also "set-e2attrs".

       Don't confuse these attributes with extended attributes (see "getxattr").

   get-e2generation
        get-e2generation file

       This returns the ext2 file generation of a file.  The generation (which used to be called
       the "version") is a number associated with an inode.  This is most commonly used by NFS
       servers.

       The generation is only present when the file is located on an ext2/3/4 filesystem.  Using
       this call on other filesystem types will result in an error.

       See "set-e2generation".

   get-e2label
        get-e2label device

       This returns the ext2/3/4 filesystem label of the filesystem on "device".

       This function is deprecated.  In new code, use the "vfs-label" call instead.

       Deprecated functions will not be removed from the API, but the fact that they are
       deprecated indicates that there are problems with correct use of these functions.

   get-e2uuid
        get-e2uuid device

       This returns the ext2/3/4 filesystem UUID of the filesystem on "device".

       This function is deprecated.  In new code, use the "vfs-uuid" call instead.

       Deprecated functions will not be removed from the API, but the fact that they are
       deprecated indicates that there are problems with correct use of these functions.

   get-hv
        get-hv

       Return the current hypervisor binary.

       This is always non-NULL.  If it wasn't set already, then this will return the default qemu
       binary name.

   get-libvirt-requested-credential-challenge
        get-libvirt-requested-credential-challenge index

       Get the challenge (provided by libvirt) for the "index"'th requested credential.  If
       libvirt did not provide a challenge, this returns the empty string "".

       See "LIBVIRT AUTHENTICATION" in guestfs(3) for documentation and example code.

   get-libvirt-requested-credential-defresult
        get-libvirt-requested-credential-defresult index

       Get the default result (provided by libvirt) for the "index"'th requested credential.  If
       libvirt did not provide a default result, this returns the empty string "".

       See "LIBVIRT AUTHENTICATION" in guestfs(3) for documentation and example code.

   get-libvirt-requested-credential-prompt
        get-libvirt-requested-credential-prompt index

       Get the prompt (provided by libvirt) for the "index"'th requested credential.  If libvirt
       did not provide a prompt, this returns the empty string "".

       See "LIBVIRT AUTHENTICATION" in guestfs(3) for documentation and example code.

   get-libvirt-requested-credentials
        get-libvirt-requested-credentials

       This should only be called during the event callback for events of type
       "GUESTFS_EVENT_LIBVIRT_AUTH".

       Return the list of credentials requested by libvirt.  Possible values are a subset of the
       strings provided when you called "set-libvirt-supported-credentials".

       See "LIBVIRT AUTHENTICATION" in guestfs(3) for documentation and example code.

   get-memsize
        get-memsize

       This gets the memory size in megabytes allocated to the hypervisor.

       If "set-memsize" was not called on this handle, and if "LIBGUESTFS_MEMSIZE" was not set,
       then this returns the compiled-in default value for memsize.

       For more information on the architecture of libguestfs, see guestfs(3).

   get-network
        get-network

       This returns the enable network flag.

   get-path
        get-path

       Return the current search path.

       This is always non-NULL.  If it wasn't set already, then this will return the default
       path.

   get-pgroup
        get-pgroup

       This returns the process group flag.

   get-pid
   pid
        get-pid

       Return the process ID of the hypervisor.  If there is no hypervisor running, then this
       will return an error.

       This is an internal call used for debugging and testing.

   get-program
        get-program

       Get the program name.  See "set-program".

   get-qemu
        get-qemu

       Return the current hypervisor binary (usually qemu).

       This is always non-NULL.  If it wasn't set already, then this will return the default qemu
       binary name.

       This function is deprecated.  In new code, use the "get-hv" call instead.

       Deprecated functions will not be removed from the API, but the fact that they are
       deprecated indicates that there are problems with correct use of these functions.

   get-recovery-proc
        get-recovery-proc

       Return the recovery process enabled flag.

   get-selinux
        get-selinux

       This returns the current setting of the selinux flag which is passed to the appliance at
       boot time.  See "set-selinux".

       For more information on the architecture of libguestfs, see guestfs(3).

   get-smp
        get-smp

       This returns the number of virtual CPUs assigned to the appliance.

   get-tmpdir
        get-tmpdir

       Get the directory used by the handle to store temporary files.

   get-trace
        get-trace

       Return the command trace flag.

   get-umask
        get-umask

       Return the current umask.  By default the umask is 022 unless it has been set by calling
       "umask".

   get-verbose
        get-verbose

       This returns the verbose messages flag.

   getcon
        getcon

       This gets the SELinux security context of the daemon.

       See the documentation about SELINUX in guestfs(3), and "setcon"

   getxattr
        getxattr path name

       Get a single extended attribute from file "path" named "name".  This call follows
       symlinks.  If you want to lookup an extended attribute for the symlink itself, use
       "lgetxattr".

       Normally it is better to get all extended attributes from a file in one go by calling
       "getxattrs".  However some Linux filesystem implementations are buggy and do not provide a
       way to list out attributes.  For these filesystems (notably ntfs-3g) you have to know the
       names of the extended attributes you want in advance and call this function.

       Extended attribute values are blobs of binary data.  If there is no extended attribute
       named "name", this returns an error.

       See also: "getxattrs", "lgetxattr", attr(5).

   getxattrs
        getxattrs path

       This call lists the extended attributes of the file or directory "path".

       At the system call level, this is a combination of the listxattr(2) and getxattr(2) calls.

       See also: "lgetxattrs", attr(5).

   glob-expand
        glob-expand pattern

       This command searches for all the pathnames matching "pattern" according to the wildcard
       expansion rules used by the shell.

       If no paths match, then this returns an empty list (note: not an error).

       It is just a wrapper around the C glob(3) function with flags "GLOB_MARK|GLOB_BRACE".  See
       that manual page for more details.

       Notice that there is no equivalent command for expanding a device name (eg. "/dev/sd*").
       Use "list-devices", "list-partitions" etc functions instead.

   grep
   grep-opts
        grep regex path [extended:true|false] [fixed:true|false] [insensitive:true|false] [compressed:true|false]

       This calls the external "grep" program and returns the matching lines.

       The optional flags are:

       "extended"
           Use extended regular expressions.  This is the same as using the -E flag.

       "fixed"
           Match fixed (don't use regular expressions).  This is the same as using the -F flag.

       "insensitive"
           Match case-insensitive.  This is the same as using the -i flag.

       "compressed"
           Use "zgrep" instead of "grep".  This allows the input to be compress- or gzip-
           compressed.

       This command has one or more optional arguments.  See "OPTIONAL ARGUMENTS".

       Because of the message protocol, there is a transfer limit of somewhere between 2MB and
       4MB.  See "PROTOCOL LIMITS" in guestfs(3).

   grepi
        grepi regex path

       This calls the external "grep -i" program and returns the matching lines.

       Because of the message protocol, there is a transfer limit of somewhere between 2MB and
       4MB.  See "PROTOCOL LIMITS" in guestfs(3).

       This function is deprecated.  In new code, use the "grep" call instead.

       Deprecated functions will not be removed from the API, but the fact that they are
       deprecated indicates that there are problems with correct use of these functions.

   grub-install
        grub-install root device

       This command installs GRUB 1 (the Grand Unified Bootloader) on "device", with the root
       directory being "root".

       Notes:

       •   There is currently no way in the API to install grub2, which is used by most modern
           Linux guests.  It is possible to run the grub2 command from the guest, although see
           the caveats in "RUNNING COMMANDS" in guestfs(3).

       •   This uses "grub-install" from the host.  Unfortunately grub is not always compatible
           with itself, so this only works in rather narrow circumstances.  Careful testing with
           each guest version is advisable.

       •   If grub-install reports the error "No suitable drive was found in the generated device
           map."  it may be that you need to create a "/boot/grub/device.map" file first that
           contains the mapping between grub device names and Linux device names.  It is usually
           sufficient to create a file containing:

            (hd0) /dev/vda

           replacing "/dev/vda" with the name of the installation device.

   head
        head path

       This command returns up to the first 10 lines of a file as a list of strings.

       Because of the message protocol, there is a transfer limit of somewhere between 2MB and
       4MB.  See "PROTOCOL LIMITS" in guestfs(3).

   head-n
        head-n nrlines path

       If the parameter "nrlines" is a positive number, this returns the first "nrlines" lines of
       the file "path".

       If the parameter "nrlines" is a negative number, this returns lines from the file "path",
       excluding the last "nrlines" lines.

       If the parameter "nrlines" is zero, this returns an empty list.

       Because of the message protocol, there is a transfer limit of somewhere between 2MB and
       4MB.  See "PROTOCOL LIMITS" in guestfs(3).

   hexdump
        hexdump path

       This runs "hexdump -C" on the given "path".  The result is the human-readable, canonical
       hex dump of the file.

       Because of the message protocol, there is a transfer limit of somewhere between 2MB and
       4MB.  See "PROTOCOL LIMITS" in guestfs(3).

   hivex-close
        hivex-close

       Close the current hivex handle.

       This is a wrapper around the hivex(3) call of the same name.

   hivex-commit
        hivex-commit filename

       Commit (write) changes to the hive.

       If the optional "filename" parameter is null, then the changes are written back to the
       same hive that was opened.  If this is not null then they are written to the alternate
       filename given and the original hive is left untouched.

       This is a wrapper around the hivex(3) call of the same name.

   hivex-node-add-child
        hivex-node-add-child parent name

       Add a child node to "parent" named "name".

       This is a wrapper around the hivex(3) call of the same name.

   hivex-node-children
        hivex-node-children nodeh

       Return the list of nodes which are subkeys of "nodeh".

       This is a wrapper around the hivex(3) call of the same name.

   hivex-node-delete-child
        hivex-node-delete-child nodeh

       Delete "nodeh", recursively if necessary.

       This is a wrapper around the hivex(3) call of the same name.

   hivex-node-get-child
        hivex-node-get-child nodeh name

       Return the child of "nodeh" with the name "name", if it exists.  This can return 0 meaning
       the name was not found.

       This is a wrapper around the hivex(3) call of the same name.

   hivex-node-get-value
        hivex-node-get-value nodeh key

       Return the value attached to "nodeh" which has the name "key", if it exists.  This can
       return 0 meaning the key was not found.

       This is a wrapper around the hivex(3) call of the same name.

   hivex-node-name
        hivex-node-name nodeh

       Return the name of "nodeh".

       This is a wrapper around the hivex(3) call of the same name.

   hivex-node-parent
        hivex-node-parent nodeh

       Return the parent node of "nodeh".

       This is a wrapper around the hivex(3) call of the same name.

   hivex-node-set-value
        hivex-node-set-value nodeh key t val

       Set or replace a single value under the node "nodeh".  The "key" is the name, "t" is the
       type, and "val" is the data.

       This is a wrapper around the hivex(3) call of the same name.

   hivex-node-values
        hivex-node-values nodeh

       Return the array of (key, datatype, data) tuples attached to "nodeh".

       This is a wrapper around the hivex(3) call of the same name.

   hivex-open
        hivex-open filename [verbose:true|false] [debug:true|false] [write:true|false]

       Open the Windows Registry hive file named "filename".  If there was any previous hivex
       handle associated with this guestfs session, then it is closed.

       This is a wrapper around the hivex(3) call of the same name.

       This command has one or more optional arguments.  See "OPTIONAL ARGUMENTS".

   hivex-root
        hivex-root

       Return the root node of the hive.

       This is a wrapper around the hivex(3) call of the same name.

   hivex-value-key
        hivex-value-key valueh

       Return the key (name) field of a (key, datatype, data) tuple.

       This is a wrapper around the hivex(3) call of the same name.

   hivex-value-type
        hivex-value-type valueh

       Return the data type field from a (key, datatype, data) tuple.

       This is a wrapper around the hivex(3) call of the same name.

   hivex-value-utf8
        hivex-value-utf8 valueh

       This calls "hivex-value-value" (which returns the data field from a hivex value tuple).
       It then assumes that the field is a UTF-16LE string and converts the result to UTF-8 (or
       if this is not possible, it returns an error).

       This is useful for reading strings out of the Windows registry.  However it is not
       foolproof because the registry is not strongly-typed and fields can contain arbitrary or
       unexpected data.

   hivex-value-value
        hivex-value-value valueh

       Return the data field of a (key, datatype, data) tuple.

       This is a wrapper around the hivex(3) call of the same name.

       See also: "hivex-value-utf8".

   initrd-cat
        initrd-cat initrdpath filename

       This command unpacks the file "filename" from the initrd file called "initrdpath".  The
       filename must be given without the initial "/" character.

       For example, in guestfish you could use the following command to examine the boot script
       (usually called "/init") contained in a Linux initrd or initramfs image:

        initrd-cat /boot/initrd-<version>.img init

       See also "initrd-list".

       Because of the message protocol, there is a transfer limit of somewhere between 2MB and
       4MB.  See "PROTOCOL LIMITS" in guestfs(3).

   initrd-list
        initrd-list path

       This command lists out files contained in an initrd.

       The files are listed without any initial "/" character.  The files are listed in the order
       they appear (not necessarily alphabetical).  Directory names are listed as separate items.

       Old Linux kernels (2.4 and earlier) used a compressed ext2 filesystem as initrd.  We only
       support the newer initramfs format (compressed cpio files).

   inotify-add-watch
        inotify-add-watch path mask

       Watch "path" for the events listed in "mask".

       Note that if "path" is a directory then events within that directory are watched, but this
       does not happen recursively (in subdirectories).

       Note for non-C or non-Linux callers: the inotify events are defined by the Linux kernel
       ABI and are listed in "/usr/include/sys/inotify.h".

   inotify-close
        inotify-close

       This closes the inotify handle which was previously opened by inotify_init.  It removes
       all watches, throws away any pending events, and deallocates all resources.

   inotify-files
        inotify-files

       This function is a helpful wrapper around "inotify-read" which just returns a list of
       pathnames of objects that were touched.  The returned pathnames are sorted and
       deduplicated.

   inotify-init
        inotify-init maxevents

       This command creates a new inotify handle.  The inotify subsystem can be used to notify
       events which happen to objects in the guest filesystem.

       "maxevents" is the maximum number of events which will be queued up between calls to
       "inotify-read" or "inotify-files".  If this is passed as 0, then the kernel (or previously
       set) default is used.  For Linux 2.6.29 the default was 16384 events.  Beyond this limit,
       the kernel throws away events, but records the fact that it threw them away by setting a
       flag "IN_Q_OVERFLOW" in the returned structure list (see "inotify-read").

       Before any events are generated, you have to add some watches to the internal watch list.
       See: "inotify-add-watch" and "inotify-rm-watch".

       Queued up events should be read periodically by calling "inotify-read" (or "inotify-files"
       which is just a helpful wrapper around "inotify-read").  If you don't read the events out
       often enough then you risk the internal queue overflowing.

       The handle should be closed after use by calling "inotify-close".  This also removes any
       watches automatically.

       See also inotify(7) for an overview of the inotify interface as exposed by the Linux
       kernel, which is roughly what we expose via libguestfs.  Note that there is one global
       inotify handle per libguestfs instance.

   inotify-read
        inotify-read

       Return the complete queue of events that have happened since the previous read call.

       If no events have happened, this returns an empty list.

       Note: In order to make sure that all events have been read, you must call this function
       repeatedly until it returns an empty list.  The reason is that the call will read events
       up to the maximum appliance-to-host message size and leave remaining events in the queue.

   inotify-rm-watch
        inotify-rm-watch wd

       Remove a previously defined inotify watch.  See "inotify-add-watch".

   inspect-get-arch
        inspect-get-arch root

       This returns the architecture of the inspected operating system.  The possible return
       values are listed under "file-architecture".

       If the architecture could not be determined, then the string "unknown" is returned.

       Please read "INSPECTION" in guestfs(3) for more details.

   inspect-get-distro
        inspect-get-distro root

       This returns the distro (distribution) of the inspected operating system.

       Currently defined distros are:

       "archlinux"
           Arch Linux.

       "buildroot"
           Buildroot-derived distro, but not one we specifically recognize.

       "centos"
           CentOS.

       "cirros"
           Cirros.

       "debian"
           Debian.

       "fedora"
           Fedora.

       "freedos"
           FreeDOS.

       "gentoo"
           Gentoo.

       "linuxmint"
           Linux Mint.

       "mageia"
           Mageia.

       "mandriva"
           Mandriva.

       "meego"
           MeeGo.

       "openbsd"
           OpenBSD.

       "opensuse"
           OpenSUSE.

       "pardus"
           Pardus.

       "redhat-based"
           Some Red Hat-derived distro.

       "rhel"
           Red Hat Enterprise Linux.

       "scientificlinux"
           Scientific Linux.

       "slackware"
           Slackware.

       "sles"
           SuSE Linux Enterprise Server or Desktop.

       "suse-based"
           Some openSuSE-derived distro.

       "ttylinux"
           ttylinux.

       "ubuntu"
           Ubuntu.

       "unknown"
           The distro could not be determined.

       "windows"
           Windows does not have distributions.  This string is returned if the OS type is
           Windows.

       Future versions of libguestfs may return other strings here.  The caller should be
       prepared to handle any string.

       Please read "INSPECTION" in guestfs(3) for more details.

   inspect-get-drive-mappings
        inspect-get-drive-mappings root

       This call is useful for Windows which uses a primitive system of assigning drive letters
       (like "C:") to partitions.  This inspection API examines the Windows Registry to find out
       how disks/partitions are mapped to drive letters, and returns a hash table as in the
       example below:

        C      =>     /dev/vda2
        E      =>     /dev/vdb1
        F      =>     /dev/vdc1

       Note that keys are drive letters.  For Windows, the key is case insensitive and just
       contains the drive letter, without the customary colon separator character.

       In future we may support other operating systems that also used drive letters, but the
       keys for those might not be case insensitive and might be longer than 1 character.  For
       example in OS-9, hard drives were named "h0", "h1" etc.

       For Windows guests, currently only hard drive mappings are returned.  Removable disks (eg.
       DVD-ROMs) are ignored.

       For guests that do not use drive mappings, or if the drive mappings could not be
       determined, this returns an empty hash table.

       Please read "INSPECTION" in guestfs(3) for more details.  See also "inspect-get-
       mountpoints", "inspect-get-filesystems".

   inspect-get-filesystems
        inspect-get-filesystems root

       This returns a list of all the filesystems that we think are associated with this
       operating system.  This includes the root filesystem, other ordinary filesystems, and non-
       mounted devices like swap partitions.

       In the case of a multi-boot virtual machine, it is possible for a filesystem to be shared
       between operating systems.

       Please read "INSPECTION" in guestfs(3) for more details.  See also "inspect-get-
       mountpoints".

   inspect-get-format
        inspect-get-format root

       This returns the format of the inspected operating system.  You can use it to detect
       install images, live CDs and similar.

       Currently defined formats are:

       "installed"
           This is an installed operating system.

       "installer"
           The disk image being inspected is not an installed operating system, but a bootable
           install disk, live CD, or similar.

       "unknown"
           The format of this disk image is not known.

       Future versions of libguestfs may return other strings here.  The caller should be
       prepared to handle any string.

       Please read "INSPECTION" in guestfs(3) for more details.

   inspect-get-hostname
        inspect-get-hostname root

       This function returns the hostname of the operating system as found by inspection of the
       guest's configuration files.

       If the hostname could not be determined, then the string "unknown" is returned.

       Please read "INSPECTION" in guestfs(3) for more details.

   inspect-get-icon
        inspect-get-icon root [favicon:true|false] [highquality:true|false]

       This function returns an icon corresponding to the inspected operating system.  The icon
       is returned as a buffer containing a PNG image (re-encoded to PNG if necessary).

       If it was not possible to get an icon this function returns a zero-length (non-NULL)
       buffer.  Callers must check for this case.

       Libguestfs will start by looking for a file called "/etc/favicon.png" or
       "C:\etc\favicon.png" and if it has the correct format, the contents of this file will be
       returned.  You can disable favicons by passing the optional "favicon" boolean as false
       (default is true).

       If finding the favicon fails, then we look in other places in the guest for a suitable
       icon.

       If the optional "highquality" boolean is true then only high quality icons are returned,
       which means only icons of high resolution with an alpha channel.  The default (false) is
       to return any icon we can, even if it is of substandard quality.

       Notes:

       •   Unlike most other inspection API calls, the guest's disks must be mounted up before
           you call this, since it needs to read information from the guest filesystem during the
           call.

       •   Security: The icon data comes from the untrusted guest, and should be treated with
           caution.  PNG files have been known to contain exploits.  Ensure that libpng (or other
           relevant libraries) are fully up to date before trying to process or display the icon.

       •   The PNG image returned can be any size.  It might not be square.  Libguestfs tries to
           return the largest, highest quality icon available.  The application must scale the
           icon to the required size.

       •   Extracting icons from Windows guests requires the external "wrestool" program from the
           "icoutils" package, and several programs ("bmptopnm", "pnmtopng", "pamcut") from the
           "netpbm" package.  These must be installed separately.

       •   Operating system icons are usually trademarks.  Seek legal advice before using
           trademarks in applications.

       This command has one or more optional arguments.  See "OPTIONAL ARGUMENTS".

   inspect-get-major-version
        inspect-get-major-version root

       This returns the major version number of the inspected operating system.

       Windows uses a consistent versioning scheme which is not reflected in the popular public
       names used by the operating system.  Notably the operating system known as "Windows 7" is
       really version 6.1 (ie. major = 6, minor = 1).  You can find out the real versions
       corresponding to releases of Windows by consulting Wikipedia or MSDN.

       If the version could not be determined, then 0 is returned.

       Please read "INSPECTION" in guestfs(3) for more details.

   inspect-get-minor-version
        inspect-get-minor-version root

       This returns the minor version number of the inspected operating system.

       If the version could not be determined, then 0 is returned.

       Please read "INSPECTION" in guestfs(3) for more details.  See also "inspect-get-major-
       version".

   inspect-get-mountpoints
        inspect-get-mountpoints root

       This returns a hash of where we think the filesystems associated with this operating
       system should be mounted.  Callers should note that this is at best an educated guess made
       by reading configuration files such as "/etc/fstab".  In particular note that this may
       return filesystems which are non-existent or not mountable and callers should be prepared
       to handle or ignore failures if they try to mount them.

       Each element in the returned hashtable has a key which is the path of the mountpoint (eg.
       "/boot") and a value which is the filesystem that would be mounted there (eg.
       "/dev/sda1").

       Non-mounted devices such as swap devices are not returned in this list.

       For operating systems like Windows which still use drive letters, this call will only
       return an entry for the first drive "mounted on" "/".  For information about the mapping
       of drive letters to partitions, see "inspect-get-drive-mappings".

       Please read "INSPECTION" in guestfs(3) for more details.  See also "inspect-get-
       filesystems".

   inspect-get-package-format
        inspect-get-package-format root

       This function and "inspect-get-package-management" return the package format and package
       management tool used by the inspected operating system.  For example for Fedora these
       functions would return "rpm" (package format) and "yum" (package management).

       This returns the string "unknown" if we could not determine the package format or if the
       operating system does not have a real packaging system (eg. Windows).

       Possible strings include: "rpm", "deb", "ebuild", "pisi", "pacman", "pkgsrc".  Future
       versions of libguestfs may return other strings.

       Please read "INSPECTION" in guestfs(3) for more details.

   inspect-get-package-management
        inspect-get-package-management root

       "inspect-get-package-format" and this function return the package format and package
       management tool used by the inspected operating system.  For example for Fedora these
       functions would return "rpm" (package format) and "yum" (package management).

       This returns the string "unknown" if we could not determine the package management tool or
       if the operating system does not have a real packaging system (eg. Windows).

       Possible strings include: "yum", "up2date", "apt" (for all Debian derivatives), "portage",
       "pisi", "pacman", "urpmi", "zypper".  Future versions of libguestfs may return other
       strings.

       Please read "INSPECTION" in guestfs(3) for more details.

   inspect-get-product-name
        inspect-get-product-name root

       This returns the product name of the inspected operating system.  The product name is
       generally some freeform string which can be displayed to the user, but should not be
       parsed by programs.

       If the product name could not be determined, then the string "unknown" is returned.

       Please read "INSPECTION" in guestfs(3) for more details.

   inspect-get-product-variant
        inspect-get-product-variant root

       This returns the product variant of the inspected operating system.

       For Windows guests, this returns the contents of the Registry key
       "HKLM\Software\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion" "InstallationType" which is usually a
       string such as "Client" or "Server" (other values are possible).  This can be used to
       distinguish consumer and enterprise versions of Windows that have the same version number
       (for example, Windows 7 and Windows 2008 Server are both version 6.1, but the former is
       "Client" and the latter is "Server").

       For enterprise Linux guests, in future we intend this to return the product variant such
       as "Desktop", "Server" and so on.  But this is not implemented at present.

       If the product variant could not be determined, then the string "unknown" is returned.

       Please read "INSPECTION" in guestfs(3) for more details.  See also "inspect-get-product-
       name", "inspect-get-major-version".

   inspect-get-roots
        inspect-get-roots

       This function is a convenient way to get the list of root devices, as returned from a
       previous call to "inspect-os", but without redoing the whole inspection process.

       This returns an empty list if either no root devices were found or the caller has not
       called "inspect-os".

       Please read "INSPECTION" in guestfs(3) for more details.

   inspect-get-type
        inspect-get-type root

       This returns the type of the inspected operating system.  Currently defined types are:

       "linux"
           Any Linux-based operating system.

       "windows"
           Any Microsoft Windows operating system.

       "freebsd"
           FreeBSD.

       "netbsd"
           NetBSD.

       "openbsd"
           OpenBSD.

       "hurd"
           GNU/Hurd.

       "dos"
           MS-DOS, FreeDOS and others.

       "unknown"
           The operating system type could not be determined.

       Future versions of libguestfs may return other strings here.  The caller should be
       prepared to handle any string.

       Please read "INSPECTION" in guestfs(3) for more details.

   inspect-get-windows-current-control-set
        inspect-get-windows-current-control-set root

       This returns the Windows CurrentControlSet of the inspected guest.  The CurrentControlSet
       is a registry key name such as "ControlSet001".

       This call assumes that the guest is Windows and that the Registry could be examined by
       inspection.  If this is not the case then an error is returned.

       Please read "INSPECTION" in guestfs(3) for more details.

   inspect-get-windows-systemroot
        inspect-get-windows-systemroot root

       This returns the Windows systemroot of the inspected guest.  The systemroot is a directory
       path such as "/WINDOWS".

       This call assumes that the guest is Windows and that the systemroot could be determined by
       inspection.  If this is not the case then an error is returned.

       Please read "INSPECTION" in guestfs(3) for more details.

   inspect-is-live
        inspect-is-live root

       If "inspect-get-format" returns "installer" (this is an install disk), then this returns
       true if a live image was detected on the disk.

       Please read "INSPECTION" in guestfs(3) for more details.

   inspect-is-multipart
        inspect-is-multipart root

       If "inspect-get-format" returns "installer" (this is an install disk), then this returns
       true if the disk is part of a set.

       Please read "INSPECTION" in guestfs(3) for more details.

   inspect-is-netinst
        inspect-is-netinst root

       If "inspect-get-format" returns "installer" (this is an install disk), then this returns
       true if the disk is a network installer, ie. not a self-contained install CD but one which
       is likely to require network access to complete the install.

       Please read "INSPECTION" in guestfs(3) for more details.

   inspect-list-applications
        inspect-list-applications root

       Return the list of applications installed in the operating system.

       Note: This call works differently from other parts of the inspection API.  You have to
       call "inspect-os", then "inspect-get-mountpoints", then mount up the disks, before calling
       this.  Listing applications is a significantly more difficult operation which requires
       access to the full filesystem.  Also note that unlike the other "inspect-get-*" calls
       which are just returning data cached in the libguestfs handle, this call actually reads
       parts of the mounted filesystems during the call.

       This returns an empty list if the inspection code was not able to determine the list of
       applications.

       The application structure contains the following fields:

       "app_name"
           The name of the application.  For Red Hat-derived and Debian-derived Linux guests,
           this is the package name.

       "app_display_name"
           The display name of the application, sometimes localized to the install language of
           the guest operating system.

           If unavailable this is returned as an empty string "".  Callers needing to display
           something can use "app_name" instead.

       "app_epoch"
           For package managers which use epochs, this contains the epoch of the package (an
           integer).  If unavailable, this is returned as 0.

       "app_version"
           The version string of the application or package.  If unavailable this is returned as
           an empty string "".

       "app_release"
           The release string of the application or package, for package managers that use this.
           If unavailable this is returned as an empty string "".

       "app_install_path"
           The installation path of the application (on operating systems such as Windows which
           use installation paths).  This path is in the format used by the guest operating
           system, it is not a libguestfs path.

           If unavailable this is returned as an empty string "".

       "app_trans_path"
           The install path translated into a libguestfs path.  If unavailable this is returned
           as an empty string "".

       "app_publisher"
           The name of the publisher of the application, for package managers that use this.  If
           unavailable this is returned as an empty string "".

       "app_url"
           The URL (eg. upstream URL) of the application.  If unavailable this is returned as an
           empty string "".

       "app_source_package"
           For packaging systems which support this, the name of the source package.  If
           unavailable this is returned as an empty string "".

       "app_summary"
           A short (usually one line) description of the application or package.  If unavailable
           this is returned as an empty string "".

       "app_description"
           A longer description of the application or package.  If unavailable this is returned
           as an empty string "".

       Please read "INSPECTION" in guestfs(3) for more details.

       This function is deprecated.  In new code, use the "inspect-list-applications2" call
       instead.

       Deprecated functions will not be removed from the API, but the fact that they are
       deprecated indicates that there are problems with correct use of these functions.

   inspect-list-applications2
        inspect-list-applications2 root

       Return the list of applications installed in the operating system.

       Note: This call works differently from other parts of the inspection API.  You have to
       call "inspect-os", then "inspect-get-mountpoints", then mount up the disks, before calling
       this.  Listing applications is a significantly more difficult operation which requires
       access to the full filesystem.  Also note that unlike the other "inspect-get-*" calls
       which are just returning data cached in the libguestfs handle, this call actually reads
       parts of the mounted filesystems during the call.

       This returns an empty list if the inspection code was not able to determine the list of
       applications.

       The application structure contains the following fields:

       "app2_name"
           The name of the application.  For Red Hat-derived and Debian-derived Linux guests,
           this is the package name.

       "app2_display_name"
           The display name of the application, sometimes localized to the install language of
           the guest operating system.

           If unavailable this is returned as an empty string "".  Callers needing to display
           something can use "app2_name" instead.

       "app2_epoch"
           For package managers which use epochs, this contains the epoch of the package (an
           integer).  If unavailable, this is returned as 0.

       "app2_version"
           The version string of the application or package.  If unavailable this is returned as
           an empty string "".

       "app2_release"
           The release string of the application or package, for package managers that use this.
           If unavailable this is returned as an empty string "".

       "app2_arch"
           The architecture string of the application or package, for package managers that use
           this.  If unavailable this is returned as an empty string "".

       "app2_install_path"
           The installation path of the application (on operating systems such as Windows which
           use installation paths).  This path is in the format used by the guest operating
           system, it is not a libguestfs path.

           If unavailable this is returned as an empty string "".

       "app2_trans_path"
           The install path translated into a libguestfs path.  If unavailable this is returned
           as an empty string "".

       "app2_publisher"
           The name of the publisher of the application, for package managers that use this.  If
           unavailable this is returned as an empty string "".

       "app2_url"
           The URL (eg. upstream URL) of the application.  If unavailable this is returned as an
           empty string "".

       "app2_source_package"
           For packaging systems which support this, the name of the source package.  If
           unavailable this is returned as an empty string "".

       "app2_summary"
           A short (usually one line) description of the application or package.  If unavailable
           this is returned as an empty string "".

       "app2_description"
           A longer description of the application or package.  If unavailable this is returned
           as an empty string "".

       Please read "INSPECTION" in guestfs(3) for more details.

   inspect-os
        inspect-os

       This function uses other libguestfs functions and certain heuristics to inspect the
       disk(s) (usually disks belonging to a virtual machine), looking for operating systems.

       The list returned is empty if no operating systems were found.

       If one operating system was found, then this returns a list with a single element, which
       is the name of the root filesystem of this operating system.  It is also possible for this
       function to return a list containing more than one element, indicating a dual-boot or
       multi-boot virtual machine, with each element being the root filesystem of one of the
       operating systems.

       You can pass the root string(s) returned to other "inspect-get-*" functions in order to
       query further information about each operating system, such as the name and version.

       This function uses other libguestfs features such as "mount-ro" and "umount-all" in order
       to mount and unmount filesystems and look at the contents.  This should be called with no
       disks currently mounted.  The function may also use Augeas, so any existing Augeas handle
       will be closed.

       This function cannot decrypt encrypted disks.  The caller must do that first (supplying
       the necessary keys) if the disk is encrypted.

       Please read "INSPECTION" in guestfs(3) for more details.

       See also "list-filesystems".

   is-blockdev
   is-blockdev-opts
        is-blockdev path [followsymlinks:true|false]

       This returns "true" if and only if there is a block device with the given "path" name.

       If the optional flag "followsymlinks" is true, then a symlink (or chain of symlinks) that
       ends with a block device also causes the function to return true.

       See also "stat".

       This command has one or more optional arguments.  See "OPTIONAL ARGUMENTS".

   is-chardev
   is-chardev-opts
        is-chardev path [followsymlinks:true|false]

       This returns "true" if and only if there is a character device with the given "path" name.

       If the optional flag "followsymlinks" is true, then a symlink (or chain of symlinks) that
       ends with a chardev also causes the function to return true.

       See also "stat".

       This command has one or more optional arguments.  See "OPTIONAL ARGUMENTS".

   is-config
        is-config

       This returns true iff this handle is being configured (in the "CONFIG" state).

       For more information on states, see guestfs(3).

   is-dir
   is-dir-opts
        is-dir path [followsymlinks:true|false]

       This returns "true" if and only if there is a directory with the given "path" name.  Note
       that it returns false for other objects like files.

       If the optional flag "followsymlinks" is true, then a symlink (or chain of symlinks) that
       ends with a directory also causes the function to return true.

       See also "stat".

       This command has one or more optional arguments.  See "OPTIONAL ARGUMENTS".

   is-fifo
   is-fifo-opts
        is-fifo path [followsymlinks:true|false]

       This returns "true" if and only if there is a FIFO (named pipe) with the given "path"
       name.

       If the optional flag "followsymlinks" is true, then a symlink (or chain of symlinks) that
       ends with a FIFO also causes the function to return true.

       See also "stat".

       This command has one or more optional arguments.  See "OPTIONAL ARGUMENTS".

   is-file
   is-file-opts
        is-file path [followsymlinks:true|false]

       This returns "true" if and only if there is a regular file with the given "path" name.
       Note that it returns false for other objects like directories.

       If the optional flag "followsymlinks" is true, then a symlink (or chain of symlinks) that
       ends with a file also causes the function to return true.

       See also "stat".

       This command has one or more optional arguments.  See "OPTIONAL ARGUMENTS".

   is-lv
        is-lv device

       This command tests whether "device" is a logical volume, and returns true iff this is the
       case.

   is-socket
   is-socket-opts
        is-socket path [followsymlinks:true|false]

       This returns "true" if and only if there is a Unix domain socket with the given "path"
       name.

       If the optional flag "followsymlinks" is true, then a symlink (or chain of symlinks) that
       ends with a socket also causes the function to return true.

       See also "stat".

       This command has one or more optional arguments.  See "OPTIONAL ARGUMENTS".

   is-symlink
        is-symlink path

       This returns "true" if and only if there is a symbolic link with the given "path" name.

       See also "stat".

   is-whole-device
        is-whole-device device

       This returns "true" if and only if "device" refers to a whole block device. That is, not a
       partition or a logical device.

   is-zero
        is-zero path

       This returns true iff the file exists and the file is empty or it contains all zero bytes.

   is-zero-device
        is-zero-device device

       This returns true iff the device exists and contains all zero bytes.

       Note that for large devices this can take a long time to run.

   isoinfo
        isoinfo isofile

       This is the same as "isoinfo-device" except that it works for an ISO file located inside
       some other mounted filesystem.  Note that in the common case where you have added an ISO
       file as a libguestfs device, you would not call this.  Instead you would call "isoinfo-
       device".

   isoinfo-device
        isoinfo-device device

       "device" is an ISO device.  This returns a struct of information read from the primary
       volume descriptor (the ISO equivalent of the superblock) of the device.

       Usually it is more efficient to use the isoinfo(1) command with the -d option on the host
       to analyze ISO files, instead of going through libguestfs.

       For information on the primary volume descriptor fields, see
       http://wiki.osdev.org/ISO_9660#The_Primary_Volume_Descriptor

   journal-close
        journal-close

       Close the journal handle.

   journal-get
        journal-get

       Read the current journal entry.  This returns all the fields in the journal as a set of
       "(attrname, attrval)" pairs.  The "attrname" is the field name (a string).

       The "attrval" is the field value (a binary blob, often but not always a string).  Please
       note that "attrval" is a byte array, not a \0-terminated C string.

       The length of data may be truncated to the data threshold (see: "journal-set-data-
       threshold", "journal-get-data-threshold").

       If you set the data threshold to unlimited (0) then this call can read a journal entry of
       any size, ie. it is not limited by the libguestfs protocol.

   journal-get-data-threshold
        journal-get-data-threshold

       Get the current data threshold for reading journal entries.  This is a hint to the journal
       that it may truncate data fields to this size when reading them (note also that it may not
       truncate them).  If this returns 0, then the threshold is unlimited.

       See also "journal-set-data-threshold".

   journal-next
        journal-next

       Move to the next journal entry.  You have to call this at least once after opening the
       handle before you are able to read data.

       The returned boolean tells you if there are any more journal records to read.  "true"
       means you can read the next record (eg. using "journal-get-data"), and "false" means you
       have reached the end of the journal.

   journal-open
        journal-open directory

       Open the systemd journal located in "directory".  Any previously opened journal handle is
       closed.

       The contents of the journal can be read using "journal-next" and "journal-get".

       After you have finished using the journal, you should close the handle by calling
       "journal-close".

   journal-set-data-threshold
        journal-set-data-threshold threshold

       Set the data threshold for reading journal entries.  This is a hint to the journal that it
       may truncate data fields to this size when reading them (note also that it may not
       truncate them).  If you set this to 0, then the threshold is unlimited.

       See also "journal-get-data-threshold".

   journal-skip
        journal-skip skip

       Skip forwards ("skip ≥ 0") or backwards ("skip < 0") in the journal.

       The number of entries actually skipped is returned (note "rskip ≥ 0").  If this is not the
       same as the absolute value of the skip parameter ("|skip|") you passed in then it means
       you have reached the end or the start of the journal.

   kill-subprocess
        kill-subprocess

       This kills the hypervisor.

       Do not call this.  See: "shutdown" instead.

       This function is deprecated.  In new code, use the "shutdown" call instead.

       Deprecated functions will not be removed from the API, but the fact that they are
       deprecated indicates that there are problems with correct use of these functions.

   launch
   run
        launch

       You should call this after configuring the handle (eg. adding drives) but before
       performing any actions.

       Do not call "launch" twice on the same handle.  Although it will not give an error (for
       historical reasons), the precise behaviour when you do this is not well defined.  Handles
       are very cheap to create, so create a new one for each launch.

   lchown
        lchown owner group path

       Change the file owner to "owner" and group to "group".  This is like "chown" but if "path"
       is a symlink then the link itself is changed, not the target.

       Only numeric uid and gid are supported.  If you want to use names, you will need to locate
       and parse the password file yourself (Augeas support makes this relatively easy).

   ldmtool-create-all
        ldmtool-create-all

       This function scans all block devices looking for Windows dynamic disk volumes and
       partitions, and creates devices for any that were found.

       Call "list-ldm-volumes" and "list-ldm-partitions" to return all devices.

       Note that you don't normally need to call this explicitly, since it is done automatically
       at "launch" time.  However you might want to call this function if you have hotplugged
       disks or have just created a Windows dynamic disk.

   ldmtool-diskgroup-disks
        ldmtool-diskgroup-disks diskgroup

       Return the disks in a Windows dynamic disk group.  The "diskgroup" parameter should be the
       GUID of a disk group, one element from the list returned by "ldmtool-scan".

   ldmtool-diskgroup-name
        ldmtool-diskgroup-name diskgroup

       Return the name of a Windows dynamic disk group.  The "diskgroup" parameter should be the
       GUID of a disk group, one element from the list returned by "ldmtool-scan".

   ldmtool-diskgroup-volumes
        ldmtool-diskgroup-volumes diskgroup

       Return the volumes in a Windows dynamic disk group.  The "diskgroup" parameter should be
       the GUID of a disk group, one element from the list returned by "ldmtool-scan".

   ldmtool-remove-all
        ldmtool-remove-all

       This is essentially the opposite of "ldmtool-create-all".  It removes the device mapper
       mappings for all Windows dynamic disk volumes

   ldmtool-scan
        ldmtool-scan

       This function scans for Windows dynamic disks.  It returns a list of identifiers (GUIDs)
       for all disk groups that were found.  These identifiers can be passed to other "ldmtool-*"
       functions.

       This function scans all block devices.  To scan a subset of block devices, call "ldmtool-
       scan-devices" instead.

   ldmtool-scan-devices
        ldmtool-scan-devices 'devices ...'

       This function scans for Windows dynamic disks.  It returns a list of identifiers (GUIDs)
       for all disk groups that were found.  These identifiers can be passed to other "ldmtool-*"
       functions.

       The parameter "devices" is a list of block devices which are scanned.  If this list is
       empty, all block devices are scanned.

   ldmtool-volume-hint
        ldmtool-volume-hint diskgroup volume

       Return the hint field of the volume named "volume" in the disk group with GUID
       "diskgroup".  This may not be defined, in which case the empty string is returned.  The
       hint field is often, though not always, the name of a Windows drive, eg. "E:".

   ldmtool-volume-partitions
        ldmtool-volume-partitions diskgroup volume

       Return the list of partitions in the volume named "volume" in the disk group with GUID
       "diskgroup".

   ldmtool-volume-type
        ldmtool-volume-type diskgroup volume

       Return the type of the volume named "volume" in the disk group with GUID "diskgroup".

       Possible volume types that can be returned here include: "simple", "spanned", "striped",
       "mirrored", "raid5".  Other types may also be returned.

   lgetxattr
        lgetxattr path name

       Get a single extended attribute from file "path" named "name".  If "path" is a symlink,
       then this call returns an extended attribute from the symlink.

       Normally it is better to get all extended attributes from a file in one go by calling
       "getxattrs".  However some Linux filesystem implementations are buggy and do not provide a
       way to list out attributes.  For these filesystems (notably ntfs-3g) you have to know the
       names of the extended attributes you want in advance and call this function.

       Extended attribute values are blobs of binary data.  If there is no extended attribute
       named "name", this returns an error.

       See also: "lgetxattrs", "getxattr", attr(5).

   lgetxattrs
        lgetxattrs path

       This is the same as "getxattrs", but if "path" is a symbolic link, then it returns the
       extended attributes of the link itself.

   list-9p
        list-9p

       List all 9p filesystems attached to the guest.  A list of mount tags is returned.

   list-devices
        list-devices

       List all the block devices.

       The full block device names are returned, eg. "/dev/sda".

       See also "list-filesystems".

   list-disk-labels
        list-disk-labels

       If you add drives using the optional "label" parameter of "add-drive-opts", you can use
       this call to map between disk labels, and raw block device and partition names (like
       "/dev/sda" and "/dev/sda1").

       This returns a hashtable, where keys are the disk labels (without the "/dev/disk/guestfs"
       prefix), and the values are the full raw block device and partition names (eg. "/dev/sda"
       and "/dev/sda1").

   list-dm-devices
        list-dm-devices

       List all device mapper devices.

       The returned list contains "/dev/mapper/*" devices, eg. ones created by a previous call to
       "luks-open".

       Device mapper devices which correspond to logical volumes are not returned in this list.
       Call "lvs" if you want to list logical volumes.

   list-filesystems
        list-filesystems

       This inspection command looks for filesystems on partitions, block devices and logical
       volumes, returning a list of "mountables" containing filesystems and their type.

       The return value is a hash, where the keys are the devices containing filesystems, and the
       values are the filesystem types.  For example:

        "/dev/sda1" => "ntfs"
        "/dev/sda2" => "ext2"
        "/dev/vg_guest/lv_root" => "ext4"
        "/dev/vg_guest/lv_swap" => "swap"

       The key is not necessarily a block device. It may also be an opaque 'mountable' string
       which can be passed to "mount".

       The value can have the special value "unknown", meaning the content of the device is
       undetermined or empty.  "swap" means a Linux swap partition.

       This command runs other libguestfs commands, which might include "mount" and "umount", and
       therefore you should use this soon after launch and only when nothing is mounted.

       Not all of the filesystems returned will be mountable.  In particular, swap partitions are
       returned in the list.  Also this command does not check that each filesystem found is
       valid and mountable, and some filesystems might be mountable but require special options.
       Filesystems may not all belong to a single logical operating system (use "inspect-os" to
       look for OSes).

   list-ldm-partitions
        list-ldm-partitions

       This function returns all Windows dynamic disk partitions that were found at launch time.
       It returns a list of device names.

   list-ldm-volumes
        list-ldm-volumes

       This function returns all Windows dynamic disk volumes that were found at launch time.  It
       returns a list of device names.

   list-md-devices
        list-md-devices

       List all Linux md devices.

   list-partitions
        list-partitions

       List all the partitions detected on all block devices.

       The full partition device names are returned, eg. "/dev/sda1"

       This does not return logical volumes.  For that you will need to call "lvs".

       See also "list-filesystems".

   ll
        ll directory

       List the files in "directory" (relative to the root directory, there is no cwd) in the
       format of 'ls -la'.

       This command is mostly useful for interactive sessions.  It is not intended that you try
       to parse the output string.

   llz
        llz directory

       List the files in "directory" in the format of 'ls -laZ'.

       This command is mostly useful for interactive sessions.  It is not intended that you try
       to parse the output string.

   ln
        ln target linkname

       This command creates a hard link using the "ln" command.

   ln-f
        ln-f target linkname

       This command creates a hard link using the "ln -f" command.  The -f option removes the
       link ("linkname") if it exists already.

   ln-s
        ln-s target linkname

       This command creates a symbolic link using the "ln -s" command.

   ln-sf
        ln-sf target linkname

       This command creates a symbolic link using the "ln -sf" command, The -f option removes the
       link ("linkname") if it exists already.

   lremovexattr
        lremovexattr xattr path

       This is the same as "removexattr", but if "path" is a symbolic link, then it removes an
       extended attribute of the link itself.

   ls
        ls directory

       List the files in "directory" (relative to the root directory, there is no cwd).  The '.'
       and '..' entries are not returned, but hidden files are shown.

   ls0
        ls0 dir (filenames|-)

       This specialized command is used to get a listing of the filenames in the directory "dir".
       The list of filenames is written to the local file "filenames" (on the host).

       In the output file, the filenames are separated by "\0" characters.

       "." and ".." are not returned.  The filenames are not sorted.

       Use "-" instead of a filename to read/write from stdin/stdout.

   lsetxattr
        lsetxattr xattr val vallen path

       This is the same as "setxattr", but if "path" is a symbolic link, then it sets an extended
       attribute of the link itself.

   lstat
        lstat path

       Returns file information for the given "path".

       This is the same as "stat" except that if "path" is a symbolic link, then the link is
       stat-ed, not the file it refers to.

       This is the same as the lstat(2) system call.

   lstatlist
        lstatlist path 'names ...'

       This call allows you to perform the "lstat" operation on multiple files, where all files
       are in the directory "path".  "names" is the list of files from this directory.

       On return you get a list of stat structs, with a one-to-one correspondence to the "names"
       list.  If any name did not exist or could not be lstat'd, then the "ino" field of that
       structure is set to "-1".

       This call is intended for programs that want to efficiently list a directory contents
       without making many round-trips.  See also "lxattrlist" for a similarly efficient call for
       getting extended attributes.

   luks-add-key
        luks-add-key device keyslot

       This command adds a new key on LUKS device "device".  "key" is any existing key, and is
       used to access the device.  "newkey" is the new key to add.  "keyslot" is the key slot
       that will be replaced.

       Note that if "keyslot" already contains a key, then this command will fail.  You have to
       use "luks-kill-slot" first to remove that key.

       This command has one or more key or passphrase parameters.  Guestfish will prompt for
       these separately.

   luks-close
        luks-close device

       This closes a LUKS device that was created earlier by "luks-open" or "luks-open-ro".  The
       "device" parameter must be the name of the LUKS mapping device (ie. "/dev/mapper/mapname")
       and not the name of the underlying block device.

   luks-format
        luks-format device keyslot

       This command erases existing data on "device" and formats the device as a LUKS encrypted
       device.  "key" is the initial key, which is added to key slot "slot".  (LUKS supports 8
       key slots, numbered 0-7).

       This command has one or more key or passphrase parameters.  Guestfish will prompt for
       these separately.

   luks-format-cipher
        luks-format-cipher device keyslot cipher

       This command is the same as "luks-format" but it also allows you to set the "cipher" used.

       This command has one or more key or passphrase parameters.  Guestfish will prompt for
       these separately.

   luks-kill-slot
        luks-kill-slot device keyslot

       This command deletes the key in key slot "keyslot" from the encrypted LUKS device
       "device".  "key" must be one of the other keys.

       This command has one or more key or passphrase parameters.  Guestfish will prompt for
       these separately.

   luks-open
        luks-open device mapname

       This command opens a block device which has been encrypted according to the Linux Unified
       Key Setup (LUKS) standard.

       "device" is the encrypted block device or partition.

       The caller must supply one of the keys associated with the LUKS block device, in the "key"
       parameter.

       This creates a new block device called "/dev/mapper/mapname".  Reads and writes to this
       block device are decrypted from and encrypted to the underlying "device" respectively.

       If this block device contains LVM volume groups, then calling "vgscan" followed by "vg-
       activate-all" will make them visible.

       Use "list-dm-devices" to list all device mapper devices.

       This command has one or more key or passphrase parameters.  Guestfish will prompt for
       these separately.

   luks-open-ro
        luks-open-ro device mapname

       This is the same as "luks-open" except that a read-only mapping is created.

       This command has one or more key or passphrase parameters.  Guestfish will prompt for
       these separately.

   lvcreate
        lvcreate logvol volgroup mbytes

       This creates an LVM logical volume called "logvol" on the volume group "volgroup", with
       "size" megabytes.

   lvcreate-free
        lvcreate-free logvol volgroup percent

       Create an LVM logical volume called "/dev/volgroup/logvol", using approximately "percent"
       % of the free space remaining in the volume group.  Most usefully, when "percent" is 100
       this will create the largest possible LV.

   lvm-canonical-lv-name
        lvm-canonical-lv-name lvname

       This converts alternative naming schemes for LVs that you might find to the canonical
       name.  For example, "/dev/mapper/VG-LV" is converted to "/dev/VG/LV".

       This command returns an error if the "lvname" parameter does not refer to a logical
       volume.

       See also "is-lv", "canonical-device-name".

   lvm-clear-filter
        lvm-clear-filter

       This undoes the effect of "lvm-set-filter".  LVM will be able to see every block device.

       This command also clears the LVM cache and performs a volume group scan.

   lvm-remove-all
        lvm-remove-all

       This command removes all LVM logical volumes, volume groups and physical volumes.

   lvm-set-filter
        lvm-set-filter 'devices ...'

       This sets the LVM device filter so that LVM will only be able to "see" the block devices
       in the list "devices", and will ignore all other attached block devices.

       Where disk image(s) contain duplicate PVs or VGs, this command is useful to get LVM to
       ignore the duplicates, otherwise LVM can get confused.  Note also there are two types of
       duplication possible: either cloned PVs/VGs which have identical UUIDs; or VGs that are
       not cloned but just happen to have the same name.  In normal operation you cannot create
       this situation, but you can do it outside LVM, eg.  by cloning disk images or by bit
       twiddling inside the LVM metadata.

       This command also clears the LVM cache and performs a volume group scan.

       You can filter whole block devices or individual partitions.

       You cannot use this if any VG is currently in use (eg.  contains a mounted filesystem),
       even if you are not filtering out that VG.

   lvremove
        lvremove device

       Remove an LVM logical volume "device", where "device" is the path to the LV, such as
       "/dev/VG/LV".

       You can also remove all LVs in a volume group by specifying the VG name, "/dev/VG".

   lvrename
        lvrename logvol newlogvol

       Rename a logical volume "logvol" with the new name "newlogvol".

   lvresize
        lvresize device mbytes

       This resizes (expands or shrinks) an existing LVM logical volume to "mbytes".  When
       reducing, data in the reduced part is lost.

   lvresize-free
        lvresize-free lv percent

       This expands an existing logical volume "lv" so that it fills "pc"% of the remaining free
       space in the volume group.  Commonly you would call this with pc = 100 which expands the
       logical volume as much as possible, using all remaining free space in the volume group.

   lvs
        lvs

       List all the logical volumes detected.  This is the equivalent of the lvs(8) command.

       This returns a list of the logical volume device names (eg. "/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00").

       See also "lvs-full", "list-filesystems".

   lvs-full
        lvs-full

       List all the logical volumes detected.  This is the equivalent of the lvs(8) command.  The
       "full" version includes all fields.

   lvuuid
        lvuuid device

       This command returns the UUID of the LVM LV "device".

   lxattrlist
        lxattrlist path 'names ...'

       This call allows you to get the extended attributes of multiple files, where all files are
       in the directory "path".  "names" is the list of files from this directory.

       On return you get a flat list of xattr structs which must be interpreted sequentially.
       The first xattr struct always has a zero-length "attrname".  "attrval" in this struct is
       zero-length to indicate there was an error doing "lgetxattr" for this file, or is a C
       string which is a decimal number (the number of following attributes for this file, which
       could be "0").  Then after the first xattr struct are the zero or more attributes for the
       first named file.  This repeats for the second and subsequent files.

       This call is intended for programs that want to efficiently list a directory contents
       without making many round-trips.  See also "lstatlist" for a similarly efficient call for
       getting standard stats.

   max-disks
        max-disks

       Return the maximum number of disks that may be added to a handle (eg. by "add-drive-opts"
       and similar calls).

       This function was added in libguestfs 1.19.7.  In previous versions of libguestfs the
       limit was 25.

       See "MAXIMUM NUMBER OF DISKS" in guestfs(3) for additional information on this topic.

   md-create
        md-create name 'devices ...' [missingbitmap:N] [nrdevices:N] [spare:N] [chunk:N] [level:..]

       Create a Linux md (RAID) device named "name" on the devices in the list "devices".

       The optional parameters are:

       "missingbitmap"
           A bitmap of missing devices.  If a bit is set it means that a missing device is added
           to the array.  The least significant bit corresponds to the first device in the array.

           As examples:

           If "devices = ["/dev/sda"]" and "missingbitmap = 0x1" then the resulting array would
           be "[<missing>, "/dev/sda"]".

           If "devices = ["/dev/sda"]" and "missingbitmap = 0x2" then the resulting array would
           be "["/dev/sda", <missing>]".

           This defaults to 0 (no missing devices).

           The length of "devices" + the number of bits set in "missingbitmap" must equal
           "nrdevices" + "spare".

       "nrdevices"
           The number of active RAID devices.

           If not set, this defaults to the length of "devices" plus the number of bits set in
           "missingbitmap".

       "spare"
           The number of spare devices.

           If not set, this defaults to 0.

       "chunk"
           The chunk size in bytes.

       "level"
           The RAID level, which can be one of: linear, raid0, 0, stripe, raid1, 1, mirror,
           raid4, 4, raid5, 5, raid6, 6, raid10, 10.  Some of these are synonymous, and more
           levels may be added in future.

           If not set, this defaults to "raid1".

       This command has one or more optional arguments.  See "OPTIONAL ARGUMENTS".

   md-detail
        md-detail md

       This command exposes the output of 'mdadm -DY <md>'.  The following fields are usually
       present in the returned hash.  Other fields may also be present.

       "level"
           The raid level of the MD device.

       "devices"
           The number of underlying devices in the MD device.

       "metadata"
           The metadata version used.

       "uuid"
           The UUID of the MD device.

       "name"
           The name of the MD device.

   md-stat
        md-stat md

       This call returns a list of the underlying devices which make up the single software RAID
       array device "md".

       To get a list of software RAID devices, call "list-md-devices".

       Each structure returned corresponds to one device along with additional status
       information:

       "mdstat_device"
           The name of the underlying device.

       "mdstat_index"
           The index of this device within the array.

       "mdstat_flags"
           Flags associated with this device.  This is a string containing (in no specific order)
           zero or more of the following flags:

           "W" write-mostly

           "F" device is faulty

           "S" device is a RAID spare

           "R" replacement

   md-stop
        md-stop md

       This command deactivates the MD array named "md".  The device is stopped, but it is not
       destroyed or zeroed.

   mkdir
        mkdir path

       Create a directory named "path".

   mkdir-mode
        mkdir-mode path mode

       This command creates a directory, setting the initial permissions of the directory to
       "mode".

       For common Linux filesystems, the actual mode which is set will be "mode & ~umask &
       01777".  Non-native-Linux filesystems may interpret the mode in other ways.

       See also "mkdir", "umask"

   mkdir-p
        mkdir-p path

       Create a directory named "path", creating any parent directories as necessary.  This is
       like the "mkdir -p" shell command.

   mkdtemp
        mkdtemp tmpl

       This command creates a temporary directory.  The "tmpl" parameter should be a full
       pathname for the temporary directory name with the final six characters being "XXXXXX".

       For example: "/tmp/myprogXXXXXX" or "/Temp/myprogXXXXXX", the second one being suitable
       for Windows filesystems.

       The name of the temporary directory that was created is returned.

       The temporary directory is created with mode 0700 and is owned by root.

       The caller is responsible for deleting the temporary directory and its contents after use.

       See also: mkdtemp(3)

   mke2fs
        mke2fs device [blockscount:N] [blocksize:N] [fragsize:N] [blockspergroup:N] [numberofgroups:N] [bytesperinode:N] [inodesize:N] [journalsize:N] [numberofinodes:N] [stridesize:N] [stripewidth:N] [maxonlineresize:N] [reservedblockspercentage:N] [mmpupdateinterval:N] [journaldevice:..] [label:..] [lastmounteddir:..] [creatoros:..] [fstype:..] [usagetype:..] [uuid:..] [forcecreate:true|false] [writesbandgrouponly:true|false] [lazyitableinit:true|false] [lazyjournalinit:true|false] [testfs:true|false] [discard:true|false] [quotatype:true|false] [extent:true|false] [filetype:true|false] [flexbg:true|false] [hasjournal:true|false] [journaldev:true|false] [largefile:true|false] [quota:true|false] [resizeinode:true|false] [sparsesuper:true|false] [uninitbg:true|false]

       "mke2fs" is used to create an ext2, ext3, or ext4 filesystem on "device".

       The optional "blockscount" is the size of the filesystem in blocks.  If omitted it
       defaults to the size of "device".  Note if the filesystem is too small to contain a
       journal, "mke2fs" will silently create an ext2 filesystem instead.

       This command has one or more optional arguments.  See "OPTIONAL ARGUMENTS".

   mke2fs-J
        mke2fs-J fstype blocksize device journal

       This creates an ext2/3/4 filesystem on "device" with an external journal on "journal".  It
       is equivalent to the command:

        mke2fs -t fstype -b blocksize -J device=<journal> <device>

       See also "mke2journal".

       This function is deprecated.  In new code, use the "mke2fs" call instead.

       Deprecated functions will not be removed from the API, but the fact that they are
       deprecated indicates that there are problems with correct use of these functions.

   mke2fs-JL
        mke2fs-JL fstype blocksize device label

       This creates an ext2/3/4 filesystem on "device" with an external journal on the journal
       labeled "label".

       See also "mke2journal-L".

       This function is deprecated.  In new code, use the "mke2fs" call instead.

       Deprecated functions will not be removed from the API, but the fact that they are
       deprecated indicates that there are problems with correct use of these functions.

   mke2fs-JU
        mke2fs-JU fstype blocksize device uuid

       This creates an ext2/3/4 filesystem on "device" with an external journal on the journal
       with UUID "uuid".

       See also "mke2journal-U".

       This function is deprecated.  In new code, use the "mke2fs" call instead.

       Deprecated functions will not be removed from the API, but the fact that they are
       deprecated indicates that there are problems with correct use of these functions.

   mke2journal
        mke2journal blocksize device

       This creates an ext2 external journal on "device".  It is equivalent to the command:

        mke2fs -O journal_dev -b blocksize device

       This function is deprecated.  In new code, use the "mke2fs" call instead.

       Deprecated functions will not be removed from the API, but the fact that they are
       deprecated indicates that there are problems with correct use of these functions.

   mke2journal-L
        mke2journal-L blocksize label device

       This creates an ext2 external journal on "device" with label "label".

       This function is deprecated.  In new code, use the "mke2fs" call instead.

       Deprecated functions will not be removed from the API, but the fact that they are
       deprecated indicates that there are problems with correct use of these functions.

   mke2journal-U
        mke2journal-U blocksize uuid device

       This creates an ext2 external journal on "device" with UUID "uuid".

       This function is deprecated.  In new code, use the "mke2fs" call instead.

       Deprecated functions will not be removed from the API, but the fact that they are
       deprecated indicates that there are problems with correct use of these functions.

   mkfifo
        mkfifo mode path

       This call creates a FIFO (named pipe) called "path" with mode "mode".  It is just a
       convenient wrapper around "mknod".

       The mode actually set is affected by the umask.

   mkfs
   mkfs-opts
        mkfs fstype device [blocksize:N] [features:..] [inode:N] [sectorsize:N]

       This function creates a filesystem on "device".  The filesystem type is "fstype", for
       example "ext3".

       The optional arguments are:

       "blocksize"
           The filesystem block size.  Supported block sizes depend on the filesystem type, but
           typically they are 1024, 2048 or 4096 for Linux ext2/3 filesystems.

           For VFAT and NTFS the "blocksize" parameter is treated as the requested cluster size.

           For UFS block sizes, please see mkfs.ufs(8).

       "features"
           This passes the -O parameter to the external mkfs program.

           For certain filesystem types, this allows extra filesystem features to be selected.
           See mke2fs(8) and mkfs.ufs(8) for more details.

           You cannot use this optional parameter with the "gfs" or "gfs2" filesystem type.

       "inode"
           This passes the -I parameter to the external mke2fs(8) program which sets the inode
           size (only for ext2/3/4 filesystems at present).

       "sectorsize"
           This passes the -S parameter to external mkfs.ufs(8) program, which sets sector size
           for ufs filesystem.

       This command has one or more optional arguments.  See "OPTIONAL ARGUMENTS".

   mkfs-b
        mkfs-b fstype blocksize device

       This call is similar to "mkfs", but it allows you to control the block size of the
       resulting filesystem.  Supported block sizes depend on the filesystem type, but typically
       they are 1024, 2048 or 4096 only.

       For VFAT and NTFS the "blocksize" parameter is treated as the requested cluster size.

       This function is deprecated.  In new code, use the "mkfs" call instead.

       Deprecated functions will not be removed from the API, but the fact that they are
       deprecated indicates that there are problems with correct use of these functions.

   mkfs-btrfs
        mkfs-btrfs 'devices ...' [allocstart:N] [bytecount:N] [datatype:..] [leafsize:N] [label:..] [metadata:..] [nodesize:N] [sectorsize:N]

       Create a btrfs filesystem, allowing all configurables to be set.  For more information on
       the optional arguments, see mkfs.btrfs(8).

       Since btrfs filesystems can span multiple devices, this takes a non-empty list of devices.

       To create general filesystems, use "mkfs".

       This command has one or more optional arguments.  See "OPTIONAL ARGUMENTS".

   mklost-and-found
        mklost-and-found mountpoint

       Make the "lost+found" directory, normally in the root directory of an ext2/3/4 filesystem.
       "mountpoint" is the directory under which we try to create the "lost+found" directory.

   mkmountpoint
        mkmountpoint exemptpath

       "mkmountpoint" and "rmmountpoint" are specialized calls that can be used to create extra
       mountpoints before mounting the first filesystem.

       These calls are only necessary in some very limited circumstances, mainly the case where
       you want to mount a mix of unrelated and/or read-only filesystems together.

       For example, live CDs often contain a "Russian doll" nest of filesystems, an ISO outer
       layer, with a squashfs image inside, with an ext2/3 image inside that.  You can unpack
       this as follows in guestfish:

        add-ro Fedora-11-i686-Live.iso
        run
        mkmountpoint /cd
        mkmountpoint /sqsh
        mkmountpoint /ext3fs
        mount /dev/sda /cd
        mount-loop /cd/LiveOS/squashfs.img /sqsh
        mount-loop /sqsh/LiveOS/ext3fs.img /ext3fs

       The inner filesystem is now unpacked under the /ext3fs mountpoint.

       "mkmountpoint" is not compatible with "umount-all".  You may get unexpected errors if you
       try to mix these calls.  It is safest to manually unmount filesystems and remove
       mountpoints after use.

       "umount-all" unmounts filesystems by sorting the paths longest first, so for this to work
       for manual mountpoints, you must ensure that the innermost mountpoints have the longest
       pathnames, as in the example code above.

       For more details see https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=599503

       Autosync [see "set-autosync", this is set by default on handles] can cause "umount-all" to
       be called when the handle is closed which can also trigger these issues.

   mknod
        mknod mode devmajor devminor path

       This call creates block or character special devices, or named pipes (FIFOs).

       The "mode" parameter should be the mode, using the standard constants.  "devmajor" and
       "devminor" are the device major and minor numbers, only used when creating block and
       character special devices.

       Note that, just like mknod(2), the mode must be bitwise OR'd with S_IFBLK, S_IFCHR,
       S_IFIFO or S_IFSOCK (otherwise this call just creates a regular file).  These constants
       are available in the standard Linux header files, or you can use "mknod-b", "mknod-c" or
       "mkfifo" which are wrappers around this command which bitwise OR in the appropriate
       constant for you.

       The mode actually set is affected by the umask.

   mknod-b
        mknod-b mode devmajor devminor path

       This call creates a block device node called "path" with mode "mode" and device
       major/minor "devmajor" and "devminor".  It is just a convenient wrapper around "mknod".

       The mode actually set is affected by the umask.

   mknod-c
        mknod-c mode devmajor devminor path

       This call creates a char device node called "path" with mode "mode" and device major/minor
       "devmajor" and "devminor".  It is just a convenient wrapper around "mknod".

       The mode actually set is affected by the umask.

   mkswap
   mkswap-opts
        mkswap device [label:..] [uuid:..]

       Create a Linux swap partition on "device".

       The option arguments "label" and "uuid" allow you to set the label and/or UUID of the new
       swap partition.

       This command has one or more optional arguments.  See "OPTIONAL ARGUMENTS".

   mkswap-L
        mkswap-L label device

       Create a swap partition on "device" with label "label".

       Note that you cannot attach a swap label to a block device (eg. "/dev/sda"), just to a
       partition.  This appears to be a limitation of the kernel or swap tools.

       This function is deprecated.  In new code, use the "mkswap" call instead.

       Deprecated functions will not be removed from the API, but the fact that they are
       deprecated indicates that there are problems with correct use of these functions.

   mkswap-U
        mkswap-U uuid device

       Create a swap partition on "device" with UUID "uuid".

       This function is deprecated.  In new code, use the "mkswap" call instead.

       Deprecated functions will not be removed from the API, but the fact that they are
       deprecated indicates that there are problems with correct use of these functions.

   mkswap-file
        mkswap-file path

       Create a swap file.

       This command just writes a swap file signature to an existing file.  To create the file
       itself, use something like "fallocate".

   mktemp
        mktemp tmpl [suffix:..]

       This command creates a temporary file.  The "tmpl" parameter should be a full pathname for
       the temporary directory name with the final six characters being "XXXXXX".

       For example: "/tmp/myprogXXXXXX" or "/Temp/myprogXXXXXX", the second one being suitable
       for Windows filesystems.

       The name of the temporary file that was created is returned.

       The temporary file is created with mode 0600 and is owned by root.

       The caller is responsible for deleting the temporary file after use.

       If the optional "suffix" parameter is given, then the suffix (eg. ".txt") is appended to
       the temporary name.

       See also: "mkdtemp".

       This command has one or more optional arguments.  See "OPTIONAL ARGUMENTS".

   modprobe
        modprobe modulename

       This loads a kernel module in the appliance.

       The kernel module must have been whitelisted when libguestfs was built (see
       "appliance/kmod.whitelist.in" in the source).

   mount
        mount mountable mountpoint

       Mount a guest disk at a position in the filesystem.  Block devices are named "/dev/sda",
       "/dev/sdb" and so on, as they were added to the guest.  If those block devices contain
       partitions, they will have the usual names (eg. "/dev/sda1").  Also LVM "/dev/VG/LV"-style
       names can be used, or 'mountable' strings returned by "list-filesystems" or "inspect-get-
       mountpoints".

       The rules are the same as for mount(2):  A filesystem must first be mounted on "/" before
       others can be mounted.  Other filesystems can only be mounted on directories which already
       exist.

       The mounted filesystem is writable, if we have sufficient permissions on the underlying
       device.

       Before libguestfs 1.13.16, this call implicitly added the options "sync" and "noatime".
       The "sync" option greatly slowed writes and caused many problems for users.  If your
       program might need to work with older versions of libguestfs, use "mount-options" instead
       (using an empty string for the first parameter if you don't want any options).

   mount-9p
        mount-9p mounttag mountpoint [options:..]

       Mount the virtio-9p filesystem with the tag "mounttag" on the directory "mountpoint".

       If required, "trans=virtio" will be automatically added to the options.  Any other options
       required can be passed in the optional "options" parameter.

       This command has one or more optional arguments.  See "OPTIONAL ARGUMENTS".

   mount-local
        mount-local localmountpoint [readonly:true|false] [options:..] [cachetimeout:N] [debugcalls:true|false]

       This call exports the libguestfs-accessible filesystem to a local mountpoint (directory)
       called "localmountpoint".  Ordinary reads and writes to files and directories under
       "localmountpoint" are redirected through libguestfs.

       If the optional "readonly" flag is set to true, then writes to the filesystem return error
       "EROFS".

       "options" is a comma-separated list of mount options.  See guestmount(1) for some useful
       options.

       "cachetimeout" sets the timeout (in seconds) for cached directory entries.  The default is
       60 seconds.  See guestmount(1) for further information.

       If "debugcalls" is set to true, then additional debugging information is generated for
       every FUSE call.

       When "mount-local" returns, the filesystem is ready, but is not processing requests
       (access to it will block).  You have to call "mount-local-run" to run the main loop.

       See "MOUNT LOCAL" in guestfs(3) for full documentation.

       This command has one or more optional arguments.  See "OPTIONAL ARGUMENTS".

   mount-local-run
        mount-local-run

       Run the main loop which translates kernel calls to libguestfs calls.

       This should only be called after "mount-local" returns successfully.  The call will not
       return until the filesystem is unmounted.

       Note you must not make concurrent libguestfs calls on the same handle from another thread.

       You may call this from a different thread than the one which called "mount-local", subject
       to the usual rules for threads and libguestfs (see "MULTIPLE HANDLES AND MULTIPLE THREADS"
       in guestfs(3)).

       See "MOUNT LOCAL" in guestfs(3) for full documentation.

   mount-loop
        mount-loop file mountpoint

       This command lets you mount "file" (a filesystem image in a file) on a mount point.  It is
       entirely equivalent to the command "mount -o loop file mountpoint".

   mount-options
        mount-options options mountable mountpoint

       This is the same as the "mount" command, but it allows you to set the mount options as for
       the mount(8) -o flag.

       If the "options" parameter is an empty string, then no options are passed (all options
       default to whatever the filesystem uses).

   mount-ro
        mount-ro mountable mountpoint

       This is the same as the "mount" command, but it mounts the filesystem with the read-only
       (-o ro) flag.

   mount-vfs
        mount-vfs options vfstype mountable mountpoint

       This is the same as the "mount" command, but it allows you to set both the mount options
       and the vfstype as for the mount(8) -o and -t flags.

   mountpoints
        mountpoints

       This call is similar to "mounts".  That call returns a list of devices.  This one returns
       a hash table (map) of device name to directory where the device is mounted.

   mounts
        mounts

       This returns the list of currently mounted filesystems.  It returns the list of devices
       (eg. "/dev/sda1", "/dev/VG/LV").

       Some internal mounts are not shown.

       See also: "mountpoints"

   mv
        mv src dest

       This moves a file from "src" to "dest" where "dest" is either a destination filename or
       destination directory.

       See also: "rename".

   nr-devices
        nr-devices

       This returns the number of whole block devices that were added.  This is the same as the
       number of devices that would be returned if you called "list-devices".

       To find out the maximum number of devices that could be added, call "max-disks".

   ntfs-3g-probe
        ntfs-3g-probe true|false device

       This command runs the ntfs-3g.probe(8) command which probes an NTFS "device" for
       mountability.  (Not all NTFS volumes can be mounted read-write, and some cannot be mounted
       at all).

       "rw" is a boolean flag.  Set it to true if you want to test if the volume can be mounted
       read-write.  Set it to false if you want to test if the volume can be mounted read-only.

       The return value is an integer which 0 if the operation would succeed, or some non-zero
       value documented in the ntfs-3g.probe(8) manual page.

   ntfsclone-in
        ntfsclone-in (backupfile|-) device

       Restore the "backupfile" (from a previous call to "ntfsclone-out") to "device",
       overwriting any existing contents of this device.

       Use "-" instead of a filename to read/write from stdin/stdout.

   ntfsclone-out
        ntfsclone-out device (backupfile|-) [metadataonly:true|false] [rescue:true|false] [ignorefscheck:true|false] [preservetimestamps:true|false] [force:true|false]

       Stream the NTFS filesystem "device" to the local file "backupfile".  The format used for
       the backup file is a special format used by the ntfsclone(8) tool.

       If the optional "metadataonly" flag is true, then only the metadata is saved, losing all
       the user data (this is useful for diagnosing some filesystem problems).

       The optional "rescue", "ignorefscheck", "preservetimestamps" and "force" flags have
       precise meanings detailed in the ntfsclone(8) man page.

       Use "ntfsclone-in" to restore the file back to a libguestfs device.

       Use "-" instead of a filename to read/write from stdin/stdout.

       This command has one or more optional arguments.  See "OPTIONAL ARGUMENTS".

   ntfsfix
        ntfsfix device [clearbadsectors:true|false]

       This command repairs some fundamental NTFS inconsistencies, resets the NTFS journal file,
       and schedules an NTFS consistency check for the first boot into Windows.

       This is not an equivalent of Windows "chkdsk".  It does not scan the filesystem for
       inconsistencies.

       The optional "clearbadsectors" flag clears the list of bad sectors.  This is useful after
       cloning a disk with bad sectors to a new disk.

       This command has one or more optional arguments.  See "OPTIONAL ARGUMENTS".

   ntfsresize
   ntfsresize-opts
        ntfsresize device [size:N] [force:true|false]

       This command resizes an NTFS filesystem, expanding or shrinking it to the size of the
       underlying device.

       The optional parameters are:

       "size"
           The new size (in bytes) of the filesystem.  If omitted, the filesystem is resized to
           fit the container (eg. partition).

       "force"
           If this option is true, then force the resize of the filesystem even if the filesystem
           is marked as requiring a consistency check.

           After the resize operation, the filesystem is always marked as requiring a consistency
           check (for safety).  You have to boot into Windows to perform this check and clear
           this condition.  If you don't set the "force" option then it is not possible to call
           "ntfsresize" multiple times on a single filesystem without booting into Windows
           between each resize.

       See also ntfsresize(8).

       This command has one or more optional arguments.  See "OPTIONAL ARGUMENTS".

   ntfsresize-size
        ntfsresize-size device size

       This command is the same as "ntfsresize" except that it allows you to specify the new size
       (in bytes) explicitly.

       This function is deprecated.  In new code, use the "ntfsresize" call instead.

       Deprecated functions will not be removed from the API, but the fact that they are
       deprecated indicates that there are problems with correct use of these functions.

   parse-environment
        parse-environment

       Parse the program's environment and set flags in the handle accordingly.  For example if
       "LIBGUESTFS_DEBUG=1" then the 'verbose' flag is set in the handle.

       Most programs do not need to call this.  It is done implicitly when you call "create".

       See "ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES" in guestfs(3) for a list of environment variables that can
       affect libguestfs handles.  See also "guestfs_create_flags" in guestfs(3), and "parse-
       environment-list".

   parse-environment-list
        parse-environment-list 'environment ...'

       Parse the list of strings in the argument "environment" and set flags in the handle
       accordingly.  For example if "LIBGUESTFS_DEBUG=1" is a string in the list, then the
       'verbose' flag is set in the handle.

       This is the same as "parse-environment" except that it parses an explicit list of strings
       instead of the program's environment.

   part-add
        part-add device prlogex startsect endsect

       This command adds a partition to "device".  If there is no partition table on the device,
       call "part-init" first.

       The "prlogex" parameter is the type of partition.  Normally you should pass "p" or
       "primary" here, but MBR partition tables also support "l" (or "logical") and "e" (or
       "extended") partition types.

       "startsect" and "endsect" are the start and end of the partition in sectors.  "endsect"
       may be negative, which means it counts backwards from the end of the disk ("-1" is the
       last sector).

       Creating a partition which covers the whole disk is not so easy.  Use "part-disk" to do
       that.

   part-del
        part-del device partnum

       This command deletes the partition numbered "partnum" on "device".

       Note that in the case of MBR partitioning, deleting an extended partition also deletes any
       logical partitions it contains.

   part-disk
        part-disk device parttype

       This command is simply a combination of "part-init" followed by "part-add" to create a
       single primary partition covering the whole disk.

       "parttype" is the partition table type, usually "mbr" or "gpt", but other possible values
       are described in "part-init".

   part-get-bootable
        part-get-bootable device partnum

       This command returns true if the partition "partnum" on "device" has the bootable flag
       set.

       See also "part-set-bootable".

   part-get-gpt-type
        part-get-gpt-type device partnum

       Return the type GUID of numbered GPT partition "partnum". For MBR partitions, return an
       appropriate GUID corresponding to the MBR type. Behaviour is undefined for other partition
       types.

   part-get-mbr-id
        part-get-mbr-id device partnum

       Returns the MBR type byte (also known as the ID byte) from the numbered partition
       "partnum".

       Note that only MBR (old DOS-style) partitions have type bytes.  You will get undefined
       results for other partition table types (see "part-get-parttype").

   part-get-parttype
        part-get-parttype device

       This command examines the partition table on "device" and returns the partition table type
       (format) being used.

       Common return values include: "msdos" (a DOS/Windows style MBR partition table), "gpt" (a
       GPT/EFI-style partition table).  Other values are possible, although unusual.  See "part-
       init" for a full list.

   part-init
        part-init device parttype

       This creates an empty partition table on "device" of one of the partition types listed
       below.  Usually "parttype" should be either "msdos" or "gpt" (for large disks).

       Initially there are no partitions.  Following this, you should call "part-add" for each
       partition required.

       Possible values for "parttype" are:

       efi
       gpt Intel EFI / GPT partition table.

           This is recommended for >= 2 TB partitions that will be accessed from Linux and Intel-
           based Mac OS X.  It also has limited backwards compatibility with the "mbr" format.

       mbr
       msdos
           The standard PC "Master Boot Record" (MBR) format used by MS-DOS and Windows.  This
           partition type will only work for device sizes up to 2 TB.  For large disks we
           recommend using "gpt".

       Other partition table types that may work but are not supported include:

       aix AIX disk labels.

       amiga
       rdb Amiga "Rigid Disk Block" format.

       bsd BSD disk labels.

       dasd
           DASD, used on IBM mainframes.

       dvh MIPS/SGI volumes.

       mac Old Mac partition format.  Modern Macs use "gpt".

       pc98
           NEC PC-98 format, common in Japan apparently.

       sun Sun disk labels.

   part-list
        part-list device

       This command parses the partition table on "device" and returns the list of partitions
       found.

       The fields in the returned structure are:

       part_num
           Partition number, counting from 1.

       part_start
           Start of the partition in bytes.  To get sectors you have to divide by the device's
           sector size, see "blockdev-getss".

       part_end
           End of the partition in bytes.

       part_size
           Size of the partition in bytes.

   part-set-bootable
        part-set-bootable device partnum true|false

       This sets the bootable flag on partition numbered "partnum" on device "device".  Note that
       partitions are numbered from 1.

       The bootable flag is used by some operating systems (notably Windows) to determine which
       partition to boot from.  It is by no means universally recognized.

   part-set-gpt-type
        part-set-gpt-type device partnum guid

       Set the type GUID of numbered GPT partition "partnum" to "guid". Return an error if the
       partition table of "device" isn't GPT, or if "guid" is not a valid GUID.

       See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GUID_Partition_Table#Partition_type_GUIDs for a useful
       list of type GUIDs.

   part-set-mbr-id
        part-set-mbr-id device partnum idbyte

       Sets the MBR type byte (also known as the ID byte) of the numbered partition "partnum" to
       "idbyte".  Note that the type bytes quoted in most documentation are in fact hexadecimal
       numbers, but usually documented without any leading "0x" which might be confusing.

       Note that only MBR (old DOS-style) partitions have type bytes.  You will get undefined
       results for other partition table types (see "part-get-parttype").

   part-set-name
        part-set-name device partnum name

       This sets the partition name on partition numbered "partnum" on device "device".  Note
       that partitions are numbered from 1.

       The partition name can only be set on certain types of partition table.  This works on
       "gpt" but not on "mbr" partitions.

   part-to-dev
        part-to-dev partition

       This function takes a partition name (eg. "/dev/sdb1") and removes the partition number,
       returning the device name (eg. "/dev/sdb").

       The named partition must exist, for example as a string returned from "list-partitions".

       See also "part-to-partnum", "device-index".

   part-to-partnum
        part-to-partnum partition

       This function takes a partition name (eg. "/dev/sdb1") and returns the partition number
       (eg. 1).

       The named partition must exist, for example as a string returned from "list-partitions".

       See also "part-to-dev".

   ping-daemon
        ping-daemon

       This is a test probe into the guestfs daemon running inside the hypervisor.  Calling this
       function checks that the daemon responds to the ping message, without affecting the daemon
       or attached block device(s) in any other way.

   pread
        pread path count offset

       This command lets you read part of a file.  It reads "count" bytes of the file, starting
       at "offset", from file "path".

       This may read fewer bytes than requested.  For further details see the pread(2) system
       call.

       See also "pwrite", "pread-device".

       Because of the message protocol, there is a transfer limit of somewhere between 2MB and
       4MB.  See "PROTOCOL LIMITS" in guestfs(3).

   pread-device
        pread-device device count offset

       This command lets you read part of a block device.  It reads "count" bytes of "device",
       starting at "offset".

       This may read fewer bytes than requested.  For further details see the pread(2) system
       call.

       See also "pread".

       Because of the message protocol, there is a transfer limit of somewhere between 2MB and
       4MB.  See "PROTOCOL LIMITS" in guestfs(3).

   pvchange-uuid
        pvchange-uuid device

       Generate a new random UUID for the physical volume "device".

   pvchange-uuid-all
        pvchange-uuid-all

       Generate new random UUIDs for all physical volumes.

   pvcreate
        pvcreate device

       This creates an LVM physical volume on the named "device", where "device" should usually
       be a partition name such as "/dev/sda1".

   pvremove
        pvremove device

       This wipes a physical volume "device" so that LVM will no longer recognise it.

       The implementation uses the "pvremove" command which refuses to wipe physical volumes that
       contain any volume groups, so you have to remove those first.

   pvresize
        pvresize device

       This resizes (expands or shrinks) an existing LVM physical volume to match the new size of
       the underlying device.

   pvresize-size
        pvresize-size device size

       This command is the same as "pvresize" except that it allows you to specify the new size
       (in bytes) explicitly.

   pvs
        pvs

       List all the physical volumes detected.  This is the equivalent of the pvs(8) command.

       This returns a list of just the device names that contain PVs (eg. "/dev/sda2").

       See also "pvs-full".

   pvs-full
        pvs-full

       List all the physical volumes detected.  This is the equivalent of the pvs(8) command.
       The "full" version includes all fields.

   pvuuid
        pvuuid device

       This command returns the UUID of the LVM PV "device".

   pwrite
        pwrite path content offset

       This command writes to part of a file.  It writes the data buffer "content" to the file
       "path" starting at offset "offset".

       This command implements the pwrite(2) system call, and like that system call it may not
       write the full data requested.  The return value is the number of bytes that were actually
       written to the file.  This could even be 0, although short writes are unlikely for regular
       files in ordinary circumstances.

       See also "pread", "pwrite-device".

       Because of the message protocol, there is a transfer limit of somewhere between 2MB and
       4MB.  See "PROTOCOL LIMITS" in guestfs(3).

   pwrite-device
        pwrite-device device content offset

       This command writes to part of a device.  It writes the data buffer "content" to "device"
       starting at offset "offset".

       This command implements the pwrite(2) system call, and like that system call it may not
       write the full data requested (although short writes to disk devices and partitions are
       probably impossible with standard Linux kernels).

       See also "pwrite".

       Because of the message protocol, there is a transfer limit of somewhere between 2MB and
       4MB.  See "PROTOCOL LIMITS" in guestfs(3).

   read-file
        read-file path

       This calls returns the contents of the file "path" as a buffer.

       Unlike "cat", this function can correctly handle files that contain embedded ASCII NUL
       characters.

   read-lines
        read-lines path

       Return the contents of the file named "path".

       The file contents are returned as a list of lines.  Trailing "LF" and "CRLF" character
       sequences are not returned.

       Note that this function cannot correctly handle binary files (specifically, files
       containing "\0" character which is treated as end of string).  For those you need to use
       the "read-file" function and split the buffer into lines yourself.

   readdir
        readdir dir

       This returns the list of directory entries in directory "dir".

       All entries in the directory are returned, including "." and "..".  The entries are not
       sorted, but returned in the same order as the underlying filesystem.

       Also this call returns basic file type information about each file.  The "ftyp" field will
       contain one of the following characters:

       'b' Block special

       'c' Char special

       'd' Directory

       'f' FIFO (named pipe)

       'l' Symbolic link

       'r' Regular file

       's' Socket

       'u' Unknown file type

       '?' The readdir(3) call returned a "d_type" field with an unexpected value

       This function is primarily intended for use by programs.  To get a simple list of names,
       use "ls".  To get a printable directory for human consumption, use "ll".

       Because of the message protocol, there is a transfer limit of somewhere between 2MB and
       4MB.  See "PROTOCOL LIMITS" in guestfs(3).

   readlink
        readlink path

       This command reads the target of a symbolic link.

   readlinklist
        readlinklist path 'names ...'

       This call allows you to do a "readlink" operation on multiple files, where all files are
       in the directory "path".  "names" is the list of files from this directory.

       On return you get a list of strings, with a one-to-one correspondence to the "names" list.
       Each string is the value of the symbolic link.

       If the readlink(2) operation fails on any name, then the corresponding result string is
       the empty string "".  However the whole operation is completed even if there were
       readlink(2) errors, and so you can call this function with names where you don't know if
       they are symbolic links already (albeit slightly less efficient).

       This call is intended for programs that want to efficiently list a directory contents
       without making many round-trips.

   realpath
        realpath path

       Return the canonicalized absolute pathname of "path".  The returned path has no ".", ".."
       or symbolic link path elements.

   remount
        remount mountpoint [rw:true|false]

       This call allows you to change the "rw" (readonly/read-write) flag on an already mounted
       filesystem at "mountpoint", converting a readonly filesystem to be read-write, or vice-
       versa.

       Note that at the moment you must supply the "optional" "rw" parameter.  In future we may
       allow other flags to be adjusted.

       This command has one or more optional arguments.  See "OPTIONAL ARGUMENTS".

   remove-drive
        remove-drive label

       This function is conceptually the opposite of "add-drive-opts".  It removes the drive that
       was previously added with label "label".

       Note that in order to remove drives, you have to add them with labels (see the optional
       "label" argument to "add-drive-opts").  If you didn't use a label, then they cannot be
       removed.

       You can call this function before or after launching the handle.  If called after launch,
       if the backend supports it, we try to hot unplug the drive: see "HOTPLUGGING" in
       guestfs(3).  The disk must not be in use (eg. mounted) when you do this.  We try to detect
       if the disk is in use and stop you from doing this.

   removexattr
        removexattr xattr path

       This call removes the extended attribute named "xattr" of the file "path".

       See also: "lremovexattr", attr(5).

   rename
        rename oldpath newpath

       Rename a file to a new place on the same filesystem.  This is the same as the Linux
       rename(2) system call.  In most cases you are better to use "mv" instead.

   resize2fs
        resize2fs device

       This resizes an ext2, ext3 or ext4 filesystem to match the size of the underlying device.

       See also "RESIZE2FS ERRORS" in guestfs(3).

   resize2fs-M
        resize2fs-M device

       This command is the same as "resize2fs", but the filesystem is resized to its minimum
       size.  This works like the -M option to the "resize2fs" command.

       To get the resulting size of the filesystem you should call "tune2fs-l" and read the
       "Block size" and "Block count" values.  These two numbers, multiplied together, give the
       resulting size of the minimal filesystem in bytes.

       See also "RESIZE2FS ERRORS" in guestfs(3).

   resize2fs-size
        resize2fs-size device size

       This command is the same as "resize2fs" except that it allows you to specify the new size
       (in bytes) explicitly.

       See also "RESIZE2FS ERRORS" in guestfs(3).

   rm
        rm path

       Remove the single file "path".

   rm-f
        rm-f path

       Remove the file "path".

       If the file doesn't exist, that error is ignored.  (Other errors, eg. I/O errors or bad
       paths, are not ignored)

       This call cannot remove directories.  Use "rmdir" to remove an empty directory, or "rm-rf"
       to remove directories recursively.

   rm-rf
        rm-rf path

       Remove the file or directory "path", recursively removing the contents if its a directory.
       This is like the "rm -rf" shell command.

   rmdir
        rmdir path

       Remove the single directory "path".

   rmmountpoint
        rmmountpoint exemptpath

       This calls removes a mountpoint that was previously created with "mkmountpoint".  See
       "mkmountpoint" for full details.

   rsync
        rsync src dest [archive:true|false] [deletedest:true|false]

       This call may be used to copy or synchronize two directories under the same libguestfs
       handle.  This uses the rsync(1) program which uses a fast algorithm that avoids copying
       files unnecessarily.

       "src" and "dest" are the source and destination directories.  Files are copied from "src"
       to "dest".

       The optional arguments are:

       "archive"
           Turns on archive mode.  This is the same as passing the --archive flag to "rsync".

       "deletedest"
           Delete files at the destination that do not exist at the source.

       This command has one or more optional arguments.  See "OPTIONAL ARGUMENTS".

   rsync-in
        rsync-in remote dest [archive:true|false] [deletedest:true|false]

       This call may be used to copy or synchronize the filesystem on the host or on a remote
       computer with the filesystem within libguestfs.  This uses the rsync(1) program which uses
       a fast algorithm that avoids copying files unnecessarily.

       This call only works if the network is enabled.  See "set-network" or the --network option
       to various tools like guestfish(1).

       Files are copied from the remote server and directory specified by "remote" to the
       destination directory "dest".

       The format of the remote server string is defined by rsync(1).  Note that there is no way
       to supply a password or passphrase so the target must be set up not to require one.

       The optional arguments are the same as those of "rsync".

       This command has one or more optional arguments.  See "OPTIONAL ARGUMENTS".

   rsync-out
        rsync-out src remote [archive:true|false] [deletedest:true|false]

       This call may be used to copy or synchronize the filesystem within libguestfs with a
       filesystem on the host or on a remote computer.  This uses the rsync(1) program which uses
       a fast algorithm that avoids copying files unnecessarily.

       This call only works if the network is enabled.  See "set-network" or the --network option
       to various tools like guestfish(1).

       Files are copied from the source directory "src" to the remote server and directory
       specified by "remote".

       The format of the remote server string is defined by rsync(1).  Note that there is no way
       to supply a password or passphrase so the target must be set up not to require one.

       The optional arguments are the same as those of "rsync".

       Globbing does not happen on the "src" parameter.  In programs which use the API directly
       you have to expand wildcards yourself (see "glob-expand").  In guestfish you can use the
       "glob" command (see "glob" in guestfish(1)), for example:

        ><fs> glob rsync-out /* rsync://remote/

       This command has one or more optional arguments.  See "OPTIONAL ARGUMENTS".

   scrub-device
        scrub-device device

       This command writes patterns over "device" to make data retrieval more difficult.

       It is an interface to the scrub(1) program.  See that manual page for more details.

   scrub-file
        scrub-file file

       This command writes patterns over a file to make data retrieval more difficult.

       The file is removed after scrubbing.

       It is an interface to the scrub(1) program.  See that manual page for more details.

   scrub-freespace
        scrub-freespace dir

       This command creates the directory "dir" and then fills it with files until the filesystem
       is full, and scrubs the files as for "scrub-file", and deletes them.  The intention is to
       scrub any free space on the partition containing "dir".

       It is an interface to the scrub(1) program.  See that manual page for more details.

   set-append
   append
        set-append append

       This function is used to add additional options to the guest kernel command line.

       The default is "NULL" unless overridden by setting "LIBGUESTFS_APPEND" environment
       variable.

       Setting "append" to "NULL" means no additional options are passed (libguestfs always adds
       a few of its own).

   set-attach-method
   attach-method
        set-attach-method backend

       Set the method that libguestfs uses to connect to the backend guestfsd daemon.

       See "BACKEND" in guestfs(3).

       This function is deprecated.  In new code, use the "set-backend" call instead.

       Deprecated functions will not be removed from the API, but the fact that they are
       deprecated indicates that there are problems with correct use of these functions.

   set-autosync
   autosync
        set-autosync true|false

       If "autosync" is true, this enables autosync.  Libguestfs will make a best effort attempt
       to make filesystems consistent and synchronized when the handle is closed (also if the
       program exits without closing handles).

       This is enabled by default (since libguestfs 1.5.24, previously it was disabled by
       default).

   set-backend
   backend
        set-backend backend

       Set the method that libguestfs uses to connect to the backend guestfsd daemon.

       This handle property was previously called the "attach method".

       See "BACKEND" in guestfs(3).

   set-cachedir
   cachedir
        set-cachedir cachedir

       Set the directory used by the handle to store the appliance cache, when using a supermin
       appliance.  The appliance is cached and shared between all handles which have the same
       effective user ID.

       The environment variables "LIBGUESTFS_CACHEDIR" and "TMPDIR" control the default value: If
       "LIBGUESTFS_CACHEDIR" is set, then that is the default.  Else if "TMPDIR" is set, then
       that is the default.  Else "/var/tmp" is the default.

   set-direct
   direct
        set-direct true|false

       If the direct appliance mode flag is enabled, then stdin and stdout are passed directly
       through to the appliance once it is launched.

       One consequence of this is that log messages aren't caught by the library and handled by
       "set-log-message-callback", but go straight to stdout.

       You probably don't want to use this unless you know what you are doing.

       The default is disabled.

   set-e2attrs
        set-e2attrs file attrs [clear:true|false]

       This sets or clears the file attributes "attrs" associated with the inode "file".

       "attrs" is a string of characters representing file attributes.  See "get-e2attrs" for a
       list of possible attributes.  Not all attributes can be changed.

       If optional boolean "clear" is not present or false, then the "attrs" listed are set in
       the inode.

       If "clear" is true, then the "attrs" listed are cleared in the inode.

       In both cases, other attributes not present in the "attrs" string are left unchanged.

       These attributes are only present when the file is located on an ext2/3/4 filesystem.
       Using this call on other filesystem types will result in an error.

       This command has one or more optional arguments.  See "OPTIONAL ARGUMENTS".

   set-e2generation
        set-e2generation file generation

       This sets the ext2 file generation of a file.

       See "get-e2generation".

   set-e2label
        set-e2label device label

       This sets the ext2/3/4 filesystem label of the filesystem on "device" to "label".
       Filesystem labels are limited to 16 characters.

       You can use either "tune2fs-l" or "get-e2label" to return the existing label on a
       filesystem.

       This function is deprecated.  In new code, use the "set-label" call instead.

       Deprecated functions will not be removed from the API, but the fact that they are
       deprecated indicates that there are problems with correct use of these functions.

   set-e2uuid
        set-e2uuid device uuid

       This sets the ext2/3/4 filesystem UUID of the filesystem on "device" to "uuid".  The
       format of the UUID and alternatives such as "clear", "random" and "time" are described in
       the tune2fs(8) manpage.

       You can use "vfs-uuid" to return the existing UUID of a filesystem.

       This function is deprecated.  In new code, use the "set-uuid" call instead.

       Deprecated functions will not be removed from the API, but the fact that they are
       deprecated indicates that there are problems with correct use of these functions.

   set-hv
   hv
        set-hv hv

       Set the hypervisor binary that we will use.  The hypervisor depends on the backend, but is
       usually the location of the qemu/KVM hypervisor.  For the uml backend, it is the location
       of the "linux" or "vmlinux" binary.

       The default is chosen when the library was compiled by the configure script.

       You can also override this by setting the "LIBGUESTFS_HV" environment variable.

       Note that you should call this function as early as possible after creating the handle.
       This is because some pre-launch operations depend on testing qemu features (by running
       "qemu -help").  If the qemu binary changes, we don't retest features, and so you might see
       inconsistent results.  Using the environment variable "LIBGUESTFS_HV" is safest of all
       since that picks the qemu binary at the same time as the handle is created.

   set-label
        set-label mountable label

       Set the filesystem label on "mountable" to "label".

       Only some filesystem types support labels, and libguestfs supports setting labels on only
       a subset of these.

       ext2, ext3, ext4
           Labels are limited to 16 bytes.

       NTFS
           Labels are limited to 128 unicode characters.

       XFS The label is limited to 12 bytes.  The filesystem must not be mounted when trying to
           set the label.

       btrfs
           The label is limited to 256 bytes and some characters are not allowed.  Setting the
           label on a btrfs subvolume will set the label on its parent filesystem.  The
           filesystem must not be mounted when trying to set the label.

       To read the label on a filesystem, call "vfs-label".

   set-libvirt-requested-credential
        set-libvirt-requested-credential index cred

       After requesting the "index"'th credential from the user, call this function to pass the
       answer back to libvirt.

       See "LIBVIRT AUTHENTICATION" in guestfs(3) for documentation and example code.

   set-libvirt-supported-credentials
        set-libvirt-supported-credentials 'creds ...'

       Call this function before setting an event handler for "GUESTFS_EVENT_LIBVIRT_AUTH", to
       supply the list of credential types that the program knows how to process.

       The "creds" list must be a non-empty list of strings.  Possible strings are:

       "username"
       "authname"
       "language"
       "cnonce"
       "passphrase"
       "echoprompt"
       "noechoprompt"
       "realm"
       "external"

       See libvirt documentation for the meaning of these credential types.

       See "LIBVIRT AUTHENTICATION" in guestfs(3) for documentation and example code.

   set-memsize
   memsize
        set-memsize memsize

       This sets the memory size in megabytes allocated to the hypervisor.  This only has any
       effect if called before "launch".

       You can also change this by setting the environment variable "LIBGUESTFS_MEMSIZE" before
       the handle is created.

       For more information on the architecture of libguestfs, see guestfs(3).

   set-network
   network
        set-network true|false

       If "network" is true, then the network is enabled in the libguestfs appliance.  The
       default is false.

       This affects whether commands are able to access the network (see "RUNNING COMMANDS" in
       guestfs(3)).

       You must call this before calling "launch", otherwise it has no effect.

   set-path
   path
        set-path searchpath

       Set the path that libguestfs searches for kernel and initrd.img.

       The default is "$libdir/guestfs" unless overridden by setting "LIBGUESTFS_PATH"
       environment variable.

       Setting "path" to "NULL" restores the default path.

   set-pgroup
   pgroup
        set-pgroup true|false

       If "pgroup" is true, child processes are placed into their own process group.

       The practical upshot of this is that signals like "SIGINT" (from users pressing "^C")
       won't be received by the child process.

       The default for this flag is false, because usually you want "^C" to kill the subprocess.
       Guestfish sets this flag to true when used interactively, so that "^C" can cancel long-
       running commands gracefully (see "user-cancel").

   set-program
   program
        set-program program

       Set the program name.  This is an informative string which the main program may optionally
       set in the handle.

       When the handle is created, the program name in the handle is set to the basename from
       "argv[0]".  If that was not possible, it is set to the empty string (but never "NULL").

   set-qemu
   qemu
        set-qemu hv

       Set the hypervisor binary (usually qemu) that we will use.

       The default is chosen when the library was compiled by the configure script.

       You can also override this by setting the "LIBGUESTFS_HV" environment variable.

       Setting "hv" to "NULL" restores the default qemu binary.

       Note that you should call this function as early as possible after creating the handle.
       This is because some pre-launch operations depend on testing qemu features (by running
       "qemu -help").  If the qemu binary changes, we don't retest features, and so you might see
       inconsistent results.  Using the environment variable "LIBGUESTFS_HV" is safest of all
       since that picks the qemu binary at the same time as the handle is created.

       This function is deprecated.  In new code, use the "set-hv" call instead.

       Deprecated functions will not be removed from the API, but the fact that they are
       deprecated indicates that there are problems with correct use of these functions.

   set-recovery-proc
   recovery-proc
        set-recovery-proc true|false

       If this is called with the parameter "false" then "launch" does not create a recovery
       process.  The purpose of the recovery process is to stop runaway hypervisor processes in
       the case where the main program aborts abruptly.

       This only has any effect if called before "launch", and the default is true.

       About the only time when you would want to disable this is if the main process will fork
       itself into the background ("daemonize" itself).  In this case the recovery process thinks
       that the main program has disappeared and so kills the hypervisor, which is not very
       helpful.

   set-selinux
   selinux
        set-selinux true|false

       This sets the selinux flag that is passed to the appliance at boot time.  The default is
       "selinux=0" (disabled).

       Note that if SELinux is enabled, it is always in Permissive mode ("enforcing=0").

       For more information on the architecture of libguestfs, see guestfs(3).

   set-smp
   smp
        set-smp smp

       Change the number of virtual CPUs assigned to the appliance.  The default is 1.
       Increasing this may improve performance, though often it has no effect.

       This function must be called before "launch".

   set-tmpdir
   tmpdir
        set-tmpdir tmpdir

       Set the directory used by the handle to store temporary files.

       The environment variables "LIBGUESTFS_TMPDIR" and "TMPDIR" control the default value: If
       "LIBGUESTFS_TMPDIR" is set, then that is the default.  Else if "TMPDIR" is set, then that
       is the default.  Else "/tmp" is the default.

   set-trace
   trace
        set-trace true|false

       If the command trace flag is set to 1, then libguestfs calls, parameters and return values
       are traced.

       If you want to trace C API calls into libguestfs (and other libraries) then possibly a
       better way is to use the external ltrace(1) command.

       Command traces are disabled unless the environment variable "LIBGUESTFS_TRACE" is defined
       and set to 1.

       Trace messages are normally sent to "stderr", unless you register a callback to send them
       somewhere else (see "set-event-callback").

   set-uuid
        set-uuid device uuid

       Set the filesystem UIUD on "device" to "label".

       Only some filesystem types support setting UUIDs.

       To read the UUID on a filesystem, call "vfs-uuid".

   set-verbose
   verbose
        set-verbose true|false

       If "verbose" is true, this turns on verbose messages.

       Verbose messages are disabled unless the environment variable "LIBGUESTFS_DEBUG" is
       defined and set to 1.

       Verbose messages are normally sent to "stderr", unless you register a callback to send
       them somewhere else (see "set-event-callback").

   setcon
        setcon context

       This sets the SELinux security context of the daemon to the string "context".

       See the documentation about SELINUX in guestfs(3).

   setxattr
        setxattr xattr val vallen path

       This call sets the extended attribute named "xattr" of the file "path" to the value "val"
       (of length "vallen").  The value is arbitrary 8 bit data.

       See also: "lsetxattr", attr(5).

   sfdisk
        sfdisk device cyls heads sectors 'lines ...'

       This is a direct interface to the sfdisk(8) program for creating partitions on block
       devices.

       "device" should be a block device, for example "/dev/sda".

       "cyls", "heads" and "sectors" are the number of cylinders, heads and sectors on the
       device, which are passed directly to sfdisk as the -C, -H and -S parameters.  If you pass
       0 for any of these, then the corresponding parameter is omitted.  Usually for 'large'
       disks, you can just pass 0 for these, but for small (floppy-sized) disks, sfdisk (or
       rather, the kernel) cannot work out the right geometry and you will need to tell it.

       "lines" is a list of lines that we feed to "sfdisk".  For more information refer to the
       sfdisk(8) manpage.

       To create a single partition occupying the whole disk, you would pass "lines" as a single
       element list, when the single element being the string "," (comma).

       See also: "sfdisk-l", "sfdisk-N", "part-init"

       This function is deprecated.  In new code, use the "part-add" call instead.

       Deprecated functions will not be removed from the API, but the fact that they are
       deprecated indicates that there are problems with correct use of these functions.

   sfdiskM
        sfdiskM device 'lines ...'

       This is a simplified interface to the "sfdisk" command, where partition sizes are
       specified in megabytes only (rounded to the nearest cylinder) and you don't need to
       specify the cyls, heads and sectors parameters which were rarely if ever used anyway.

       See also: "sfdisk", the sfdisk(8) manpage and "part-disk"

       This function is deprecated.  In new code, use the "part-add" call instead.

       Deprecated functions will not be removed from the API, but the fact that they are
       deprecated indicates that there are problems with correct use of these functions.

   sfdisk-N
        sfdisk-N device partnum cyls heads sectors line

       This runs sfdisk(8) option to modify just the single partition "n" (note: "n" counts from
       1).

       For other parameters, see "sfdisk".  You should usually pass 0 for the cyls/heads/sectors
       parameters.

       See also: "part-add"

       This function is deprecated.  In new code, use the "part-add" call instead.

       Deprecated functions will not be removed from the API, but the fact that they are
       deprecated indicates that there are problems with correct use of these functions.

   sfdisk-disk-geometry
        sfdisk-disk-geometry device

       This displays the disk geometry of "device" read from the partition table.  Especially in
       the case where the underlying block device has been resized, this can be different from
       the kernel's idea of the geometry (see "sfdisk-kernel-geometry").

       The result is in human-readable format, and not designed to be parsed.

   sfdisk-kernel-geometry
        sfdisk-kernel-geometry device

       This displays the kernel's idea of the geometry of "device".

       The result is in human-readable format, and not designed to be parsed.

   sfdisk-l
        sfdisk-l device

       This displays the partition table on "device", in the human-readable output of the
       sfdisk(8) command.  It is not intended to be parsed.

       See also: "part-list"

       This function is deprecated.  In new code, use the "part-list" call instead.

       Deprecated functions will not be removed from the API, but the fact that they are
       deprecated indicates that there are problems with correct use of these functions.

   sh
        sh command

       This call runs a command from the guest filesystem via the guest's "/bin/sh".

       This is like "command", but passes the command to:

        /bin/sh -c "command"

       Depending on the guest's shell, this usually results in wildcards being expanded, shell
       expressions being interpolated and so on.

       All the provisos about "command" apply to this call.

   sh-lines
        sh-lines command

       This is the same as "sh", but splits the result into a list of lines.

       See also: "command-lines"

   shutdown
        shutdown

       This is the opposite of "launch".  It performs an orderly shutdown of the backend
       process(es).  If the autosync flag is set (which is the default) then the disk image is
       synchronized.

       If the subprocess exits with an error then this function will return an error, which
       should not be ignored (it may indicate that the disk image could not be written out
       properly).

       It is safe to call this multiple times.  Extra calls are ignored.

       This call does not close or free up the handle.  You still need to call "close"
       afterwards.

       "close" will call this if you don't do it explicitly, but note that any errors are ignored
       in that case.

   sleep
        sleep secs

       Sleep for "secs" seconds.

   stat
        stat path

       Returns file information for the given "path".

       This is the same as the stat(2) system call.

   statvfs
        statvfs path

       Returns file system statistics for any mounted file system.  "path" should be a file or
       directory in the mounted file system (typically it is the mount point itself, but it
       doesn't need to be).

       This is the same as the statvfs(2) system call.

   strings
        strings path

       This runs the strings(1) command on a file and returns the list of printable strings
       found.

       Because of the message protocol, there is a transfer limit of somewhere between 2MB and
       4MB.  See "PROTOCOL LIMITS" in guestfs(3).

   strings-e
        strings-e encoding path

       This is like the "strings" command, but allows you to specify the encoding of strings that
       are looked for in the source file "path".

       Allowed encodings are:

       s   Single 7-bit-byte characters like ASCII and the ASCII-compatible parts of ISO-8859-X
           (this is what "strings" uses).

       S   Single 8-bit-byte characters.

       b   16-bit big endian strings such as those encoded in UTF-16BE or UCS-2BE.

       l (lower case letter L)
           16-bit little endian such as UTF-16LE and UCS-2LE.  This is useful for examining
           binaries in Windows guests.

       B   32-bit big endian such as UCS-4BE.

       L   32-bit little endian such as UCS-4LE.

       The returned strings are transcoded to UTF-8.

       Because of the message protocol, there is a transfer limit of somewhere between 2MB and
       4MB.  See "PROTOCOL LIMITS" in guestfs(3).

   swapoff-device
        swapoff-device device

       This command disables the libguestfs appliance swap device or partition named "device".
       See "swapon-device".

   swapoff-file
        swapoff-file file

       This command disables the libguestfs appliance swap on file.

   swapoff-label
        swapoff-label label

       This command disables the libguestfs appliance swap on labeled swap partition.

   swapoff-uuid
        swapoff-uuid uuid

       This command disables the libguestfs appliance swap partition with the given UUID.

   swapon-device
        swapon-device device

       This command enables the libguestfs appliance to use the swap device or partition named
       "device".  The increased memory is made available for all commands, for example those run
       using "command" or "sh".

       Note that you should not swap to existing guest swap partitions unless you know what you
       are doing.  They may contain hibernation information, or other information that the guest
       doesn't want you to trash.  You also risk leaking information about the host to the guest
       this way.  Instead, attach a new host device to the guest and swap on that.

   swapon-file
        swapon-file file

       This command enables swap to a file.  See "swapon-device" for other notes.

   swapon-label
        swapon-label label

       This command enables swap to a labeled swap partition.  See "swapon-device" for other
       notes.

   swapon-uuid
        swapon-uuid uuid

       This command enables swap to a swap partition with the given UUID.  See "swapon-device"
       for other notes.

   sync
        sync

       This syncs the disk, so that any writes are flushed through to the underlying disk image.

       You should always call this if you have modified a disk image, before closing the handle.

   syslinux
        syslinux device [directory:..]

       Install the SYSLINUX bootloader on "device".

       The device parameter must be either a whole disk formatted as a FAT filesystem, or a
       partition formatted as a FAT filesystem.  In the latter case, the partition should be
       marked as "active" ("part-set-bootable") and a Master Boot Record must be installed (eg.
       using "pwrite-device") on the first sector of the whole disk.  The SYSLINUX package comes
       with some suitable Master Boot Records.  See the syslinux(1) man page for further
       information.

       The optional arguments are:

       "directory"
           Install SYSLINUX in the named subdirectory, instead of in the root directory of the
           FAT filesystem.

       Additional configuration can be supplied to SYSLINUX by placing a file called
       "syslinux.cfg" on the FAT filesystem, either in the root directory, or under "directory"
       if that optional argument is being used.  For further information about the contents of
       this file, see syslinux(1).

       See also "extlinux".

       This command has one or more optional arguments.  See "OPTIONAL ARGUMENTS".

   tail
        tail path

       This command returns up to the last 10 lines of a file as a list of strings.

       Because of the message protocol, there is a transfer limit of somewhere between 2MB and
       4MB.  See "PROTOCOL LIMITS" in guestfs(3).

   tail-n
        tail-n nrlines path

       If the parameter "nrlines" is a positive number, this returns the last "nrlines" lines of
       the file "path".

       If the parameter "nrlines" is a negative number, this returns lines from the file "path",
       starting with the "-nrlines"th line.

       If the parameter "nrlines" is zero, this returns an empty list.

       Because of the message protocol, there is a transfer limit of somewhere between 2MB and
       4MB.  See "PROTOCOL LIMITS" in guestfs(3).

   tar-in
   tar-in-opts
        tar-in (tarfile|-) directory [compress:..]

       This command uploads and unpacks local file "tarfile" into "directory".

       The optional "compress" flag controls compression.  If not given, then the input should be
       an uncompressed tar file.  Otherwise one of the following strings may be given to select
       the compression type of the input file: "compress", "gzip", "bzip2", "xz", "lzop".  (Note
       that not all builds of libguestfs will support all of these compression types).

       Use "-" instead of a filename to read/write from stdin/stdout.

       This command has one or more optional arguments.  See "OPTIONAL ARGUMENTS".

   tar-out
   tar-out-opts
        tar-out directory (tarfile|-) [compress:..] [numericowner:true|false] [excludes:..]

       This command packs the contents of "directory" and downloads it to local file "tarfile".

       The optional "compress" flag controls compression.  If not given, then the output will be
       an uncompressed tar file.  Otherwise one of the following strings may be given to select
       the compression type of the output file: "compress", "gzip", "bzip2", "xz", "lzop".  (Note
       that not all builds of libguestfs will support all of these compression types).

       The other optional arguments are:

       "excludes"
           A list of wildcards.  Files are excluded if they match any of the wildcards.

       "numericowner"
           If set to true, the output tar file will contain UID/GID numbers instead of user/group
           names.

       Use "-" instead of a filename to read/write from stdin/stdout.

       This command has one or more optional arguments.  See "OPTIONAL ARGUMENTS".

   tgz-in
        tgz-in (tarball|-) directory

       This command uploads and unpacks local file "tarball" (a gzip compressed tar file) into
       "directory".

       Use "-" instead of a filename to read/write from stdin/stdout.

       This function is deprecated.  In new code, use the "tar-in" call instead.

       Deprecated functions will not be removed from the API, but the fact that they are
       deprecated indicates that there are problems with correct use of these functions.

   tgz-out
        tgz-out directory (tarball|-)

       This command packs the contents of "directory" and downloads it to local file "tarball".

       Use "-" instead of a filename to read/write from stdin/stdout.

       This function is deprecated.  In new code, use the "tar-out" call instead.

       Deprecated functions will not be removed from the API, but the fact that they are
       deprecated indicates that there are problems with correct use of these functions.

   touch
        touch path

       Touch acts like the touch(1) command.  It can be used to update the timestamps on a file,
       or, if the file does not exist, to create a new zero-length file.

       This command only works on regular files, and will fail on other file types such as
       directories, symbolic links, block special etc.

   truncate
        truncate path

       This command truncates "path" to a zero-length file.  The file must exist already.

   truncate-size
        truncate-size path size

       This command truncates "path" to size "size" bytes.  The file must exist already.

       If the current file size is less than "size" then the file is extended to the required
       size with zero bytes.  This creates a sparse file (ie. disk blocks are not allocated for
       the file until you write to it).  To create a non-sparse file of zeroes, use "fallocate64"
       instead.

   tune2fs
        tune2fs device [force:true|false] [maxmountcount:N] [mountcount:N] [errorbehavior:..] [group:N] [intervalbetweenchecks:N] [reservedblockspercentage:N] [lastmounteddirectory:..] [reservedblockscount:N] [user:N]

       This call allows you to adjust various filesystem parameters of an ext2/ext3/ext4
       filesystem called "device".

       The optional parameters are:

       "force"
           Force tune2fs to complete the operation even in the face of errors.  This is the same
           as the tune2fs "-f" option.

       "maxmountcount"
           Set the number of mounts after which the filesystem is checked by e2fsck(8).  If this
           is 0 then the number of mounts is disregarded.  This is the same as the tune2fs "-c"
           option.

       "mountcount"
           Set the number of times the filesystem has been mounted.  This is the same as the
           tune2fs "-C" option.

       "errorbehavior"
           Change the behavior of the kernel code when errors are detected.  Possible values
           currently are: "continue", "remount-ro", "panic".  In practice these options don't
           really make any difference, particularly for write errors.

           This is the same as the tune2fs "-e" option.

       "group"
           Set the group which can use reserved filesystem blocks.  This is the same as the
           tune2fs "-g" option except that it can only be specified as a number.

       "intervalbetweenchecks"
           Adjust the maximal time between two filesystem checks (in seconds).  If the option is
           passed as 0 then time-dependent checking is disabled.

           This is the same as the tune2fs "-i" option.

       "reservedblockspercentage"
           Set the percentage of the filesystem which may only be allocated by privileged
           processes.  This is the same as the tune2fs "-m" option.

       "lastmounteddirectory"
           Set the last mounted directory.  This is the same as the tune2fs "-M" option.

       "reservedblockscount" Set the number of reserved filesystem blocks. This is the same as
       the tune2fs "-r" option.
       "user"
           Set the user who can use the reserved filesystem blocks.  This is the same as the
           tune2fs "-u" option except that it can only be specified as a number.

       To get the current values of filesystem parameters, see "tune2fs-l".  For precise details
       of how tune2fs works, see the tune2fs(8) man page.

       This command has one or more optional arguments.  See "OPTIONAL ARGUMENTS".

   tune2fs-l
        tune2fs-l device

       This returns the contents of the ext2, ext3 or ext4 filesystem superblock on "device".

       It is the same as running "tune2fs -l device".  See tune2fs(8) manpage for more details.
       The list of fields returned isn't clearly defined, and depends on both the version of
       "tune2fs" that libguestfs was built against, and the filesystem itself.

   txz-in
        txz-in (tarball|-) directory

       This command uploads and unpacks local file "tarball" (an xz compressed tar file) into
       "directory".

       Use "-" instead of a filename to read/write from stdin/stdout.

       This function is deprecated.  In new code, use the "tar-in" call instead.

       Deprecated functions will not be removed from the API, but the fact that they are
       deprecated indicates that there are problems with correct use of these functions.

   txz-out
        txz-out directory (tarball|-)

       This command packs the contents of "directory" and downloads it to local file "tarball"
       (as an xz compressed tar archive).

       Use "-" instead of a filename to read/write from stdin/stdout.

       This function is deprecated.  In new code, use the "tar-out" call instead.

       Deprecated functions will not be removed from the API, but the fact that they are
       deprecated indicates that there are problems with correct use of these functions.

   umask
        umask mask

       This function sets the mask used for creating new files and device nodes to "mask & 0777".

       Typical umask values would be 022 which creates new files with permissions like
       "-rw-r--r--" or "-rwxr-xr-x", and 002 which creates new files with permissions like
       "-rw-rw-r--" or "-rwxrwxr-x".

       The default umask is 022.  This is important because it means that directories and device
       nodes will be created with 0644 or 0755 mode even if you specify 0777.

       See also "get-umask", umask(2), "mknod", "mkdir".

       This call returns the previous umask.

   umount
   unmount
   umount-opts
        umount pathordevice [force:true|false] [lazyunmount:true|false]

       This unmounts the given filesystem.  The filesystem may be specified either by its
       mountpoint (path) or the device which contains the filesystem.

       This command has one or more optional arguments.  See "OPTIONAL ARGUMENTS".

   umount-all
   unmount-all
        umount-all

       This unmounts all mounted filesystems.

       Some internal mounts are not unmounted by this call.

   umount-local
        umount-local [retry:true|false]

       If libguestfs is exporting the filesystem on a local mountpoint, then this unmounts it.

       See "MOUNT LOCAL" in guestfs(3) for full documentation.

       This command has one or more optional arguments.  See "OPTIONAL ARGUMENTS".

   upload
        upload (filename|-) remotefilename

       Upload local file "filename" to "remotefilename" on the filesystem.

       "filename" can also be a named pipe.

       See also "download".

       Use "-" instead of a filename to read/write from stdin/stdout.

   upload-offset
        upload-offset (filename|-) remotefilename offset

       Upload local file "filename" to "remotefilename" on the filesystem.

       "remotefilename" is overwritten starting at the byte "offset" specified.  The intention is
       to overwrite parts of existing files or devices, although if a non-existant file is
       specified then it is created with a "hole" before "offset".  The size of the data written
       is implicit in the size of the source "filename".

       Note that there is no limit on the amount of data that can be uploaded with this call,
       unlike with "pwrite", and this call always writes the full amount unless an error occurs.

       See also "upload", "pwrite".

       Use "-" instead of a filename to read/write from stdin/stdout.

   user-cancel
        user-cancel

       This function cancels the current upload or download operation.

       Unlike most other libguestfs calls, this function is signal safe and thread safe.  You can
       call it from a signal handler or from another thread, without needing to do any locking.

       The transfer that was in progress (if there is one) will stop shortly afterwards, and will
       return an error.  The errno (see "guestfs_last_errno") is set to "EINTR", so you can test
       for this to find out if the operation was cancelled or failed because of another error.

       No cleanup is performed: for example, if a file was being uploaded then after cancellation
       there may be a partially uploaded file.  It is the caller's responsibility to clean up if
       necessary.

       There are two common places that you might call "user-cancel":

       In an interactive text-based program, you might call it from a "SIGINT" signal handler so
       that pressing "^C" cancels the current operation.  (You also need to call
       "guestfs_set_pgroup" so that child processes don't receive the "^C" signal).

       In a graphical program, when the main thread is displaying a progress bar with a cancel
       button, wire up the cancel button to call this function.

   utimens
        utimens path atsecs atnsecs mtsecs mtnsecs

       This command sets the timestamps of a file with nanosecond precision.

       "atsecs, atnsecs" are the last access time (atime) in secs and nanoseconds from the epoch.

       "mtsecs, mtnsecs" are the last modification time (mtime) in secs and nanoseconds from the
       epoch.

       If the *nsecs field contains the special value "-1" then the corresponding timestamp is
       set to the current time.  (The *secs field is ignored in this case).

       If the *nsecs field contains the special value "-2" then the corresponding timestamp is
       left unchanged.  (The *secs field is ignored in this case).

   utsname
        utsname

       This returns the kernel version of the appliance, where this is available.  This
       information is only useful for debugging.  Nothing in the returned structure is defined by
       the API.

   version
        version

       Return the libguestfs version number that the program is linked against.

       Note that because of dynamic linking this is not necessarily the version of libguestfs
       that you compiled against.  You can compile the program, and then at runtime dynamically
       link against a completely different "libguestfs.so" library.

       This call was added in version 1.0.58.  In previous versions of libguestfs there was no
       way to get the version number.  From C code you can use dynamic linker functions to find
       out if this symbol exists (if it doesn't, then it's an earlier version).

       The call returns a structure with four elements.  The first three ("major", "minor" and
       "release") are numbers and correspond to the usual version triplet.  The fourth element
       ("extra") is a string and is normally empty, but may be used for distro-specific
       information.

       To construct the original version string: "$major.$minor.$release$extra"

       See also: "LIBGUESTFS VERSION NUMBERS" in guestfs(3).

       Note: Don't use this call to test for availability of features.  In enterprise
       distributions we backport features from later versions into earlier versions, making this
       an unreliable way to test for features.  Use "available" or "feature-available" instead.

   vfs-label
        vfs-label mountable

       This returns the label of the filesystem on "mountable".

       If the filesystem is unlabeled, this returns the empty string.

       To find a filesystem from the label, use "findfs-label".

   vfs-type
        vfs-type mountable

       This command gets the filesystem type corresponding to the filesystem on "mountable".

       For most filesystems, the result is the name of the Linux VFS module which would be used
       to mount this filesystem if you mounted it without specifying the filesystem type.  For
       example a string such as "ext3" or "ntfs".

   vfs-uuid
        vfs-uuid mountable

       This returns the filesystem UUID of the filesystem on "mountable".

       If the filesystem does not have a UUID, this returns the empty string.

       To find a filesystem from the UUID, use "findfs-uuid".

   vg-activate
        vg-activate true|false 'volgroups ...'

       This command activates or (if "activate" is false) deactivates all logical volumes in the
       listed volume groups "volgroups".

       This command is the same as running "vgchange -a y|n volgroups..."

       Note that if "volgroups" is an empty list then all volume groups are activated or
       deactivated.

   vg-activate-all
        vg-activate-all true|false

       This command activates or (if "activate" is false) deactivates all logical volumes in all
       volume groups.

       This command is the same as running "vgchange -a y|n"

   vgchange-uuid
        vgchange-uuid vg

       Generate a new random UUID for the volume group "vg".

   vgchange-uuid-all
        vgchange-uuid-all

       Generate new random UUIDs for all volume groups.

   vgcreate
        vgcreate volgroup 'physvols ...'

       This creates an LVM volume group called "volgroup" from the non-empty list of physical
       volumes "physvols".

   vglvuuids
        vglvuuids vgname

       Given a VG called "vgname", this returns the UUIDs of all the logical volumes created in
       this volume group.

       You can use this along with "lvs" and "lvuuid" calls to associate logical volumes and
       volume groups.

       See also "vgpvuuids".

   vgmeta
        vgmeta vgname

       "vgname" is an LVM volume group.  This command examines the volume group and returns its
       metadata.

       Note that the metadata is an internal structure used by LVM, subject to change at any
       time, and is provided for information only.

   vgpvuuids
        vgpvuuids vgname

       Given a VG called "vgname", this returns the UUIDs of all the physical volumes that this
       volume group resides on.

       You can use this along with "pvs" and "pvuuid" calls to associate physical volumes and
       volume groups.

       See also "vglvuuids".

   vgremove
        vgremove vgname

       Remove an LVM volume group "vgname", (for example "VG").

       This also forcibly removes all logical volumes in the volume group (if any).

   vgrename
        vgrename volgroup newvolgroup

       Rename a volume group "volgroup" with the new name "newvolgroup".

   vgs
        vgs

       List all the volumes groups detected.  This is the equivalent of the vgs(8) command.

       This returns a list of just the volume group names that were detected (eg. "VolGroup00").

       See also "vgs-full".

   vgs-full
        vgs-full

       List all the volumes groups detected.  This is the equivalent of the vgs(8) command.  The
       "full" version includes all fields.

   vgscan
        vgscan

       This rescans all block devices and rebuilds the list of LVM physical volumes, volume
       groups and logical volumes.

   vguuid
        vguuid vgname

       This command returns the UUID of the LVM VG named "vgname".

   wc-c
        wc-c path

       This command counts the characters in a file, using the "wc -c" external command.

   wc-l
        wc-l path

       This command counts the lines in a file, using the "wc -l" external command.

   wc-w
        wc-w path

       This command counts the words in a file, using the "wc -w" external command.

   wipefs
        wipefs device

       This command erases filesystem or RAID signatures from the specified "device" to make the
       filesystem invisible to libblkid.

       This does not erase the filesystem itself nor any other data from the "device".

       Compare with "zero" which zeroes the first few blocks of a device.

   write
        write path content

       This call creates a file called "path".  The content of the file is the string "content"
       (which can contain any 8 bit data).

       See also "write-append".

   write-append
        write-append path content

       This call appends "content" to the end of file "path".  If "path" does not exist, then a
       new file is created.

       See also "write".

   write-file
        write-file path content size

       This call creates a file called "path".  The contents of the file is the string "content"
       (which can contain any 8 bit data), with length "size".

       As a special case, if "size" is 0 then the length is calculated using "strlen" (so in this
       case the content cannot contain embedded ASCII NULs).

       NB. Owing to a bug, writing content containing ASCII NUL characters does not work, even if
       the length is specified.

       Because of the message protocol, there is a transfer limit of somewhere between 2MB and
       4MB.  See "PROTOCOL LIMITS" in guestfs(3).

       This function is deprecated.  In new code, use the "write" call instead.

       Deprecated functions will not be removed from the API, but the fact that they are
       deprecated indicates that there are problems with correct use of these functions.

   xfs-admin
        xfs-admin device [extunwritten:true|false] [imgfile:true|false] [v2log:true|false] [projid32bit:true|false] [lazycounter:true|false] [label:..] [uuid:..]

       Change the parameters of the XFS filesystem on "device".

       Devices that are mounted cannot be modified.  Administrators must unmount filesystems
       before this call can modify parameters.

       Some of the parameters of a mounted filesystem can be examined and modified using the
       "xfs-info" and "xfs-growfs" calls.

       This command has one or more optional arguments.  See "OPTIONAL ARGUMENTS".

   xfs-growfs
        xfs-growfs path [datasec:true|false] [logsec:true|false] [rtsec:true|false] [datasize:N] [logsize:N] [rtsize:N] [rtextsize:N] [maxpct:N]

       Grow the XFS filesystem mounted at "path".

       The returned struct contains geometry information.  Missing fields are returned as "-1"
       (for numeric fields) or empty string.

       This command has one or more optional arguments.  See "OPTIONAL ARGUMENTS".

   xfs-info
        xfs-info pathordevice

       "pathordevice" is a mounted XFS filesystem or a device containing an XFS filesystem.  This
       command returns the geometry of the filesystem.

       The returned struct contains geometry information.  Missing fields are returned as "-1"
       (for numeric fields) or empty string.

   xfs-repair
        xfs-repair device [forcelogzero:true|false] [nomodify:true|false] [noprefetch:true|false] [forcegeometry:true|false] [maxmem:N] [ihashsize:N] [bhashsize:N] [agstride:N] [logdev:..] [rtdev:..]

       Repair corrupt or damaged XFS filesystem on "device".

       The filesystem is specified using the "device" argument which should be the device name of
       the disk partition or volume containing the filesystem.  If given the name of a block
       device, "xfs_repair" will attempt to find the raw device associated with the specified
       block device and will use the raw device instead.

       Regardless, the filesystem to be repaired must be unmounted, otherwise, the resulting
       filesystem may be inconsistent or corrupt.

       The returned status indicates whether filesystem corruption was detected (returns 1) or
       was not detected (returns 0).

       This command has one or more optional arguments.  See "OPTIONAL ARGUMENTS".

   zegrep
        zegrep regex path

       This calls the external "zegrep" program and returns the matching lines.

       Because of the message protocol, there is a transfer limit of somewhere between 2MB and
       4MB.  See "PROTOCOL LIMITS" in guestfs(3).

       This function is deprecated.  In new code, use the "grep" call instead.

       Deprecated functions will not be removed from the API, but the fact that they are
       deprecated indicates that there are problems with correct use of these functions.

   zegrepi
        zegrepi regex path

       This calls the external "zegrep -i" program and returns the matching lines.

       Because of the message protocol, there is a transfer limit of somewhere between 2MB and
       4MB.  See "PROTOCOL LIMITS" in guestfs(3).

       This function is deprecated.  In new code, use the "grep" call instead.

       Deprecated functions will not be removed from the API, but the fact that they are
       deprecated indicates that there are problems with correct use of these functions.

   zero
        zero device

       This command writes zeroes over the first few blocks of "device".

       How many blocks are zeroed isn't specified (but it's not enough to securely wipe the
       device).  It should be sufficient to remove any partition tables, filesystem superblocks
       and so on.

       If blocks are already zero, then this command avoids writing zeroes.  This prevents the
       underlying device from becoming non-sparse or growing unnecessarily.

       See also: "zero-device", "scrub-device", "is-zero-device"

   zero-device
        zero-device device

       This command writes zeroes over the entire "device".  Compare with "zero" which just
       zeroes the first few blocks of a device.

       If blocks are already zero, then this command avoids writing zeroes.  This prevents the
       underlying device from becoming non-sparse or growing unnecessarily.

   zero-free-space
        zero-free-space directory

       Zero the free space in the filesystem mounted on "directory".  The filesystem must be
       mounted read-write.

       The filesystem contents are not affected, but any free space in the filesystem is freed.

       Free space is not "trimmed".  You may want to call "fstrim" either as an alternative to
       this, or after calling this, depending on your requirements.

   zerofree
        zerofree device

       This runs the zerofree program on "device".  This program claims to zero unused inodes and
       disk blocks on an ext2/3 filesystem, thus making it possible to compress the filesystem
       more effectively.

       You should not run this program if the filesystem is mounted.

       It is possible that using this program can damage the filesystem or data on the
       filesystem.

   zfgrep
        zfgrep pattern path

       This calls the external "zfgrep" program and returns the matching lines.

       Because of the message protocol, there is a transfer limit of somewhere between 2MB and
       4MB.  See "PROTOCOL LIMITS" in guestfs(3).

       This function is deprecated.  In new code, use the "grep" call instead.

       Deprecated functions will not be removed from the API, but the fact that they are
       deprecated indicates that there are problems with correct use of these functions.

   zfgrepi
        zfgrepi pattern path

       This calls the external "zfgrep -i" program and returns the matching lines.

       Because of the message protocol, there is a transfer limit of somewhere between 2MB and
       4MB.  See "PROTOCOL LIMITS" in guestfs(3).

       This function is deprecated.  In new code, use the "grep" call instead.

       Deprecated functions will not be removed from the API, but the fact that they are
       deprecated indicates that there are problems with correct use of these functions.

   zfile
        zfile meth path

       This command runs "file" after first decompressing "path" using "method".

       "method" must be one of "gzip", "compress" or "bzip2".

       Since 1.0.63, use "file" instead which can now process compressed files.

       This function is deprecated.  In new code, use the "file" call instead.

       Deprecated functions will not be removed from the API, but the fact that they are
       deprecated indicates that there are problems with correct use of these functions.

   zgrep
        zgrep regex path

       This calls the external "zgrep" program and returns the matching lines.

       Because of the message protocol, there is a transfer limit of somewhere between 2MB and
       4MB.  See "PROTOCOL LIMITS" in guestfs(3).

       This function is deprecated.  In new code, use the "grep" call instead.

       Deprecated functions will not be removed from the API, but the fact that they are
       deprecated indicates that there are problems with correct use of these functions.

   zgrepi
        zgrepi regex path

       This calls the external "zgrep -i" program and returns the matching lines.

       Because of the message protocol, there is a transfer limit of somewhere between 2MB and
       4MB.  See "PROTOCOL LIMITS" in guestfs(3).

       This function is deprecated.  In new code, use the "grep" call instead.

       Deprecated functions will not be removed from the API, but the fact that they are
       deprecated indicates that there are problems with correct use of these functions.

EXIT STATUS

       guestfish returns 0 if the commands completed without error, or 1 if there was an error.

ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES

       EDITOR
           The "edit" command uses $EDITOR as the editor.  If not set, it uses "vi".

       FEBOOTSTRAP_KERNEL
       FEBOOTSTRAP_MODULES
           When using supermin ≥ 4.1.0, these have been renamed "SUPERMIN_KERNEL" and
           "SUPERMIN_MODULES".

       GUESTFISH_DISPLAY_IMAGE
           The "display" command uses $GUESTFISH_DISPLAY_IMAGE to display images.  If not set, it
           uses display(1).

       GUESTFISH_PID
           Used with the --remote option to specify the remote guestfish process to control.  See
           section "REMOTE CONTROL GUESTFISH OVER A SOCKET".

       GUESTFISH_PS1
           Set the command prompt.  See "PROMPT".

       HEXEDITOR
           The "hexedit" command uses $HEXEDITOR as the external hex editor.  If not specified,
           the external hexedit(1) program is used.

       HOME
           If compiled with GNU readline support, various files in the home directory can be
           used.  See "FILES".

       LIBGUESTFS_APPEND
           Pass additional options to the guest kernel.

       LIBGUESTFS_ATTACH_METHOD
           This is the old way to set "LIBGUESTFS_BACKEND".

       LIBGUESTFS_BACKEND
           Choose the default way to create the appliance.  See "guestfs_set_backend" in
           guestfs(3).

       LIBGUESTFS_CACHEDIR
           The location where libguestfs will cache its appliance, when using a supermin
           appliance.  The appliance is cached and shared between all handles which have the same
           effective user ID.

           If "LIBGUESTFS_CACHEDIR" is not set, then "TMPDIR" is used.  If "TMPDIR" is not set,
           then "/var/tmp" is used.

           See also "LIBGUESTFS_TMPDIR", "set-cachedir".

       LIBGUESTFS_DEBUG
           Set "LIBGUESTFS_DEBUG=1" to enable verbose messages.  This has the same effect as
           using the -v option.

       LIBGUESTFS_HV
           Set the default hypervisor (usually qemu) binary that libguestfs uses.  If not set,
           then the qemu which was found at compile time by the configure script is used.

       LIBGUESTFS_MEMSIZE
           Set the memory allocated to the qemu process, in megabytes.  For example:

            LIBGUESTFS_MEMSIZE=700

       LIBGUESTFS_PATH
           Set the path that guestfish uses to search for kernel and initrd.img.  See the
           discussion of paths in guestfs(3).

       LIBGUESTFS_QEMU
           This is the old way to set "LIBGUESTFS_HV".

       LIBGUESTFS_TMPDIR
           The location where libguestfs will store temporary files used by each handle.

           If "LIBGUESTFS_TMPDIR" is not set, then "TMPDIR" is used.  If "TMPDIR" is not set,
           then "/tmp" is used.

           See also "LIBGUESTFS_CACHEDIR", "set-tmpdir".

       LIBGUESTFS_TRACE
           Set "LIBGUESTFS_TRACE=1" to enable command traces.

       PAGER
           The "more" command uses $PAGER as the pager.  If not set, it uses "more".

       PATH
           Libguestfs and guestfish may run some external programs, and rely on $PATH being set
           to a reasonable value.  If using the libvirt backend, libvirt will not work at all
           unless $PATH contains the path of qemu/KVM.

       SUPERMIN_KERNEL
       SUPERMIN_MODULES
           These two environment variables allow the kernel that libguestfs uses in the appliance
           to be selected.  If $SUPERMIN_KERNEL is not set, then the most recent host kernel is
           chosen.  For more information about kernel selection, see supermin-helper(8).  This
           feature is only available in supermin / febootstrap ≥ 3.8.

       TMPDIR
           See "LIBGUESTFS_CACHEDIR", "LIBGUESTFS_TMPDIR".

FILES

       $HOME/.libguestfs-tools.rc
       /etc/libguestfs-tools.conf
           This configuration file controls the default read-only or read-write mode (--ro or
           --rw).

           See libguestfs-tools.conf(5).

       $HOME/.guestfish
           If compiled with GNU readline support, then the command history is saved in this file.

       $HOME/.inputrc
       /etc/inputrc
           If compiled with GNU readline support, then these files can be used to configure
           readline.  For further information, please see "INITIALIZATION FILE" in readline(3).

           To write rules which only apply to guestfish, use:

            $if guestfish
            ...
            $endif

           Variables that you can set in inputrc that change the behaviour of guestfish in useful
           ways include:

           completion-ignore-case (default: on)
               By default, guestfish will ignore case when tab-completing paths on the disk.
               Use:

                set completion-ignore-case off

               to make guestfish case sensitive.

       test1.img
       test2.img (etc)
           When using the -N or --new option, the prepared disk or filesystem will be created in
           the file "test1.img" in the current directory.  The second use of -N will use
           "test2.img" and so on.  Any existing file with the same name will be overwritten.  You
           can use a different filename by using the "filename=" prefix.

SEE ALSO

       guestfs(3), http://libguestfs.org/, virt-alignment-scan(1), virt-builder(1), virt-cat(1),
       virt-copy-in(1), virt-copy-out(1), virt-df(1), virt-edit(1), virt-filesystems(1),
       virt-inspector(1), virt-list-filesystems(1), virt-list-partitions(1), virt-ls(1),
       virt-make-fs(1), virt-rescue(1), virt-resize(1), virt-sparsify(1), virt-sysprep(1),
       virt-tar(1), virt-tar-in(1), virt-tar-out(1), virt-win-reg(1), libguestfs-tools.conf(5),
       display(1), hexedit(1), supermin-helper(8).

AUTHORS

       Richard W.M. Jones ("rjones at redhat dot com")

COPYRIGHT

       Copyright (C) 2009-2014 Red Hat Inc.

LICENSE

       This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of
       the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
       version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.

       This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY;
       without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
       See the GNU General Public License for more details.

       You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with this program;
       if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor,
       Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.

BUGS

       To get a list of bugs against libguestfs, use this link:
       https://bugzilla.redhat.com/buglist.cgi?component=libguestfs&product=Virtualization+Tools

       To report a new bug against libguestfs, use this link:
       https://bugzilla.redhat.com/enter_bug.cgi?component=libguestfs&product=Virtualization+Tools

       When reporting a bug, please supply:

       •   The version of libguestfs.

       •   Where you got libguestfs (eg. which Linux distro, compiled from source, etc)

       •   Describe the bug accurately and give a way to reproduce it.

       •   Run libguestfs-test-tool(1) and paste the complete, unedited output into the bug
           report.